I use Mongodb to store list of locations over the world, with more than 2M records. Each record is an object like this:
{ "_id" : ObjectId("4e5b339feee76320ab26f930"), "city" : "New York", "longitude" : -87.2008333, "latitude" : 30.8383333, "country_code" : "US", "country_name" : "United States" }
I want to perform the search to get out all "CITIES" contain "New York", it took me about 10 seconds to have the result (it is unacceptable in my web system). I have indexed the "city" using ensureIndex() function, but the query is still slow.
Here is my query:
db.locations.find({"city": { "$regex": "(New York)", "$options": 'i' }})
I guess the problem is the "regular expression". Can you suggest me a solution for this to get the query result within 2-3 seconds (I have more than 4M records in MySQL, the similar query took me only 1-2 seconds - with indexes).
Thanks and regards.
You can't search with contain operation in mongodb without using regexp or javascript (they are slow, because of work without index).
I can suggest to store additional city in lower case and search by full match. If you want 'contains' and fast speed you should use some another full text search engines like solr or lucene.
I recommends use multi keys.
example:
{ title : "this is fun" ,
_keywords : [ "this" , "is" , "fun" ]
}
then you can use
db.articles.findOne( { _keywords: "this" } )
this will be more faster
Mongo doesn't use index for regexp when it search with case insensitive. I suggest you to store your field with uppercase or lowercase and use same for search.
Instead of search containing if you search start with like below
db.locations.find({"city": { "$regex": /^New York/}})
your query will return fast .
for more info RegularExpressions
Related
This is the case: A webshop in which I want to configure which items should be listed in the sjop based on a set of parameters.
I want this to be configurable, because that allows me to experiment with different parameters also change their values easily.
I have a Product collection that I want to query based on multiple parameters.
A couple of these are found here:
within product:
"delivery" : {
"maximum_delivery_days" : 30,
"average_delivery_days" : 10,
"source" : 1,
"filling_rate" : 85,
"stock" : 0
}
but also other parameters exist.
An example of such query to decide whether or not to include a product could be:
"$or" : [
{
"delivery.stock" : 1
},
{
"$or" : [
{
"$and" : [
{
"delivery.maximum_delivery_days" : {
"$lt" : 60
}
},
{
"delivery.filling_rate" : {
"$gt" : 90
}
}
]
},
{
"$and" : [
{
"delivery.maximum_delivery_days" : {
"$lt" : 40
}
},
{
"delivery.filling_rate" : {
"$gt" : 80
}
}
]
},
{
"$and" : [
{
"delivery.delivery_days" : {
"$lt" : 25
}
},
{
"delivery.filling_rate" : {
"$gt" : 70
}
}
]
}
]
}
]
Now to make this configurable, I need to be able to handle boolean logic, parameters and values.
So, I got the idea, since such query itself is JSON, to store it in Mongo and have my Java app retrieve it.
Next thing is using it in the filter (e.g. find, or whatever) and work on the corresponding selection of products.
The advantage of this approach is that I can actually analyse the data and the effectiveness of the query outside of my program.
I would store it by name in the database. E.g.
{
"name": "query1",
"query": { the thing printed above starting with "$or"... }
}
using:
db.queries.insert({
"name" : "query1",
"query": { the thing printed above starting with "$or"... }
})
Which results in:
2016-03-27T14:43:37.265+0200 E QUERY Error: field names cannot start with $ [$or]
at Error (<anonymous>)
at DBCollection._validateForStorage (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:161:19)
at DBCollection._validateForStorage (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:165:18)
at insert (src/mongo/shell/bulk_api.js:646:20)
at DBCollection.insert (src/mongo/shell/collection.js:243:18)
at (shell):1:12 at src/mongo/shell/collection.js:161
But I CAN STORE it using Robomongo, but not always. Obviously I am doing something wrong. But I have NO IDEA what it is.
If it fails, and I create a brand new collection and try again, it succeeds. Weird stuff that goes beyond what I can comprehend.
But when I try updating values in the "query", changes are not going through. Never. Not even sometimes.
I can however create a new object and discard the previous one. So, the workaround is there.
db.queries.update(
{"name": "query1"},
{"$set": {
... update goes here ...
}
}
)
doing this results in:
WriteResult({
"nMatched" : 0,
"nUpserted" : 0,
"nModified" : 0,
"writeError" : {
"code" : 52,
"errmsg" : "The dollar ($) prefixed field '$or' in 'action.$or' is not valid for storage."
}
})
seems pretty close to the other message above.
Needles to say, I am pretty clueless about what is going on here, so I hope some of the wizzards here are able to shed some light on the matter
I think the error message contains the important info you need to consider:
QUERY Error: field names cannot start with $
Since you are trying to store a query (or part of one) in a document, you'll end up with attribute names that contain mongo operator keywords (such as $or, $ne, $gt). The mongo documentation actually references this exact scenario - emphasis added
Field names cannot contain dots (i.e. .) or null characters, and they must not start with a dollar sign (i.e. $)...
I wouldn't trust 3rd party applications such as Robomongo in these instances. I suggest debugging/testing this issue directly in the mongo shell.
My suggestion would be to store an escaped version of the query in your document as to not interfere with reserved operator keywords. You can use the available JSON.stringify(my_obj); to encode your partial query into a string and then parse/decode it when you choose to retrieve it later on: JSON.parse(escaped_query_string_from_db)
Your approach of storing the query as a JSON object in MongoDB is not viable.
You could potentially store your query logic and fields in MongoDB, but you have to have an external app build the query with the proper MongoDB syntax.
MongoDB queries contain operators, and some of those have special characters in them.
There are rules for mongoDB filed names. These rules do not allow for special characters.
Look here: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/limits/#Restrictions-on-Field-Names
The probable reason you can sometimes successfully create the doc using Robomongo is because Robomongo is transforming your query into a string and properly escaping the special characters as it sends it to MongoDB.
This also explains why your attempt to update them never works. You tried to create a document, but instead created something that is a string object, so your update conditions are probably not retrieving any docs.
I see two problems with your approach.
In following query
db.queries.insert({
"name" : "query1",
"query": { the thing printed above starting with "$or"... }
})
a valid JSON expects key, value pair. here in "query" you are storing an object without a key. You have two options. either store query as text or create another key inside curly braces.
Second problem is, you are storing query values without wrapping in quotes. All string values must be wrapped in quotes.
so your final document should appear as
db.queries.insert({
"name" : "query1",
"query": 'the thing printed above starting with "$or"... '
})
Now try, it should work.
Obviously my attempt to store a query in mongo the way I did was foolish as became clear from the answers from both #bigdatakid and #lix. So what I finally did was this: I altered the naming of the fields to comply to the mongo requirements.
E.g. instead of $or I used _$or etc. and instead of using a . inside the name I used a #. Both of which I am replacing in my Java code.
This way I can still easily try and test the queries outside of my program. In my Java program I just change the names and use the query. Using just 2 lines of code. It simply works now. Thanks guys for the suggestions you made.
String documentAsString = query.toJson().replaceAll("_\\$", "\\$").replaceAll("#", ".");
Object q = JSON.parse(documentAsString);
I'm trying to implement full text search in my Mongo database. It's a database of audio tracks metadata. I wan't to search by artistName and title of a track. I have these records in the tracks collection (showing only important fields):
db.tracks.find({},{artistName: 1, title: 1})
{ "_id" : "A10328E00047516670", "artistName" : "Tapani Kansa", "title" : "Tuulia" }
{ "_id" : "A10328E00047516661", "artistName" : "Tapani Kansa", "title" : "Rakkautemme valssi" }
{ "_id" : "A10328E0004751669W", "artistName" : "Tapani Kansa", "title" : "Täysikuu" }
{ "_id" : "A10328E0004751668Y", "artistName" : "Tapani Kansa", "title" : "Muista minua" }
I've created the text index on this collection:
db.tracks.createIndex({artistName: 'text', title: 'text', lyrics: 'text'})
But when I try to search the tracks, no results are returned:
rs-ds047345:PRIMARY> db.tracks.find({$text: {$search: 'Tapani'}}).size()
0
rs-ds047345:PRIMARY> db.tracks.find({$text: {$search: 'Rakkautemme valssi'}}).size()
0
I accidentally noticed, that when I crop some letters from the end of the searched word, I'm starting to get some results... so full text search somehow works, just not in way I would like and expect.
db.tracks.find({$text: {$search: 'Tapa'}}).size()
12
rs-ds047345:PRIMARY> db.tracks.find({$text: {$search: 'Rakkaute'}}).size()
1
Could someone please tell me, how can I search the database using full words, or what I'm doing wrong?
I've tried that on MongoDB versions 3.0.8 and 3.2.1
according to spec -
For case insensitive and diacritic insensitive text searches, the
$text operator matches on the complete stemmed word. So if a document
field contains the word blueberry, a search on the term blue will not
match. However, blueberry or blueberries will match.
what I will suggest is normal index and a regex search
db.tracks.createIndex({"artistName": 1})
db.tracks.createIndex({ "title" : 1})
db.tracks.createIndex({ "lyrics": 1})
db.tracks.find({artistName:"/Tap/[0-10]"}).explain()
the square bracket will force index scan for regex instead of colscan
was testing on 3.0.6 and 3.2.3 with no luck :(
So, the problem was in the documents stored in database. I didn't noticed that they contains a field named language, which changes full text search behaviour, although I tried to disable word stemming by by setting language: 'none' in index and queries.
When I renamed the language field to a different name, the full text search started to work exactly as I expect.
I'm running some queries to a mongodb 2.4.9 server that populate a datatable on a webpage. The user needs to be able to do a substring search across multiple fields, sort the data on various columns, and flip through the results in pages. I have to check multiple fields for matches since the user could be searching for anything related to the documents. There are about 300,000 documents in the collection so the database is relatively small.
I have indexes created for the created_by, requester, desc.name, metaprogram.id, program.id, and arr.programid fields. I've also created indexes [("created", 1), ("created_by", 1), ("requester", 1)] and [("created_by", 1), ("requester", 1)] at the suggestion of Dex.
It's also worth mentioning that documents might not have all of the fields that are being searched for here. Some documents might have a metaprogram.id but not the other ID fields for example.
An example of a query I might run is
{
"$query" : {
"$and" : [
{
"created_by" : {"$ne" : "automation"},
"requester" : {"$in" : ["Broadway", "Spec", "Falcon"] }
},
{
"$or" : [
{"requester" : /month/i },
{"created_by" : /month/i },
{"desc.name" : /month/i },
{"metaprogram.id" : {"$in" : [708, 2314, 709 ] } },
{"program.id" : {"$in" : [708, 2314, 709 ] } },
{"arr.programid" : {"$in" : [708, 2314, 709 ] } }
]
}
]
},
"$orderby" : {
"created" : 1
}
}
with differing orderby, limit, and skip values as well.
Queries on average take 500-1500ms to complete.
I've looked into how to make it faster, but haven't been able to come up with anything. Some of the text searching stuff looks handy but as far as I know each collection only supports at most one text index and it doesn't support pagination (skips). I'm sure that prefix searching instead of regex substring matches would be faster as well but I need substring matching.
Is there anything you can think of to improve the speed of a query like this?
It's quite hard to optimize a query when it's unpredictable.
Analyze how the system is being used and place indexes on the most popular fields.
Use .explain() to make sure the indexes are being used.
Also limit the results returned to a value of 50 or 100. The user doesn't need to see everything at once.
Try upgrading mongodb to see if there's a performance improvement.
Side note:
You might want to consider using ElasticSearch as a search engine instead of Mongodb. ElasticSearch would store the searchable fields and return the Mongodb Ids for matched results. ElasticSearch is a magnitude faster as a search engine than Mongodb.
More info:
How to find queries not using indexes or slow in mongodb
Range query for MongoDB pagination
http://www.elasticsearch.org/overview/
Is there a way to match a value with every array and sub document inside the document in mongodb collection and return the document
{
"_id" : "2000001956",
"trimline1" : "abc",
"trimline2" : "xyz",
"subtitle" : "www",
"image" : {
"large" : 0,
"small" : 0,
"tiled" : 0,
"cropped" : false
},
"Kytrr" : {
"count" : 0,
"assigned" : 0
}
}
for eg if in the above document I am searching for xyz or "ab" or "xy" or "z" or "0" this document should be returned.
I actually have to achieve this at the back end using C# driver but a mongo query would also help greatly.
Please advice.
Thanks
You could probably do this using '$where'
db.mycollection({$where:"JSON.stringify(this).indexOf('xyz')!=-1"})
I'm converting the whole record to a big string and then searching to see if your element is in the resulting string. Probably won't work if your xyz is in the fieldnames!
You can make it iterate through the fields to make a big string and then search it though.
This isn't the most elegant way and will involve a full tablescan. It will be faster if you look through the individual fields!
While Malcolm's answer above would work, when your collection gets large or you have high traffic, you'll see this fall over pretty quickly. This is because of 2 things. First, dropping down to javascript is a big deal and second, this will always be a full table scan because $where can't use an index.
MongoDB 2.6 introduced text indexing which is on by default (it was in beta in 2.4). With it, you can have a full text index on all the fields in the document. The documentation gives the following example where a text index is created for every field and names the index "TextIndex".
db.collection.ensureIndex(
{ "$**": "text" },
{ name: "TextIndex" }
)
I want to know the most recent record in a collection. How to do that?
Note: I know the following command line queries works:
1. db.test.find().sort({"idate":-1}).limit(1).forEach(printjson);
2. db.test.find().skip(db.test.count()-1).forEach(printjson)
where idate has the timestamp added.
The problem is longer the collection is the time to get back the data and my 'test' collection is really really huge. I need a query with constant time response.
If there is any better mongodb command line query, do let me know.
This is a rehash of the previous answer but it's more likely to work on different mongodb versions.
db.collection.find().limit(1).sort({$natural:-1})
This will give you one last document for a collection
db.collectionName.findOne({}, {sort:{$natural:-1}})
$natural:-1 means order opposite of the one that records are inserted in.
Edit: For all the downvoters, above is a Mongoose syntax,
mongo CLI syntax is: db.collectionName.find({}).sort({$natural:-1}).limit(1)
Yet another way of getting the last item from a MongoDB Collection (don't mind about the examples):
> db.collection.find().sort({'_id':-1}).limit(1)
Normal Projection
> db.Sports.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb5f82dea65504b456ab12"), "Type" : "NFL", "Head" : "Patriots Won SuperBowl 2017", "Body" : "Again, the Pats won the Super Bowl." }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb6011dea65504b456ab13"), "Type" : "World Cup 2018", "Head" : "Brazil Qualified for Round of 16", "Body" : "The Brazilians are happy today, due to the qualification of the Brazilian Team for the Round of 16 for the World Cup 2018." }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb60b1dea65504b456ab14"), "Type" : "F1", "Head" : "Ferrari Lost Championship", "Body" : "By two positions, Ferrari loses the F1 Championship, leaving the Italians in tears." }
Sorted Projection ( _id: reverse order )
> db.Sports.find().sort({'_id':-1})
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb60b1dea65504b456ab14"), "Type" : "F1", "Head" : "Ferrari Lost Championship", "Body" : "By two positions, Ferrari loses the F1 Championship, leaving the Italians in tears." }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb6011dea65504b456ab13"), "Type" : "World Cup 2018", "Head" : "Brazil Qualified for Round of 16", "Body" : "The Brazilians are happy today, due to the qualification of the Brazilian Team for the Round of 16 for the World Cup 2018." }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb5f82dea65504b456ab12"), "Type" : "NFL", "Head" : "Patriots Won SuperBowl 2018", "Body" : "Again, the Pats won the Super Bowl" }
sort({'_id':-1}), defines a projection in descending order of all documents, based on their _ids.
Sorted Projection ( _id: reverse order ): getting the latest (last) document from a collection.
> db.Sports.find().sort({'_id':-1}).limit(1)
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5bfb60b1dea65504b456ab14"), "Type" : "F1", "Head" : "Ferrari Lost Championship", "Body" : "By two positions, Ferrari loses the F1 Championship, leaving the Italians in tears." }
I need a query with constant time response
By default, the indexes in MongoDB are B-Trees. Searching a B-Tree is a O(logN) operation, so even find({_id:...}) will not provide constant time, O(1) responses.
That stated, you can also sort by the _id if you are using ObjectId for you IDs. See here for details. Of course, even that is only good to the last second.
You may to resort to "writing twice". Write once to the main collection and write again to a "last updated" collection. Without transactions this will not be perfect, but with only one item in the "last updated" collection it will always be fast.
php7.1 mongoDB:
$data = $collection->findOne([],['sort' => ['_id' => -1],'projection' => ['_id' => 1]]);
My Solution :
db.collection("name of collection").find({}, {limit: 1}).sort({$natural: -1})
If you are using auto-generated Mongo Object Ids in your document, it contains timestamp in it as first 4 bytes using which latest doc inserted into the collection could be found out. I understand this is an old question, but if someone is still ending up here looking for one more alternative.
db.collectionName.aggregate(
[{$group: {_id: null, latestDocId: { $max: "$_id"}}}, {$project: {_id: 0, latestDocId: 1}}])
Above query would give the _id for the latest doc inserted into the collection
This is how to get the last record from all MongoDB documents from the "foo" collection.(change foo,x,y.. etc.)
db.foo.aggregate([{$sort:{ x : 1, date : 1 } },{$group: { _id: "$x" ,y: {$last:"$y"},yz: {$last:"$yz"},date: { $last : "$date" }}} ],{ allowDiskUse:true })
you can add or remove from the group
help articles: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/group/#pipe._S_group
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/aggregation/last/
Mongo CLI syntax:
db.collectionName.find({}).sort({$natural:-1}).limit(1)
Let Mongo create the ID, it is an auto-incremented hash
mymongo:
self._collection.find().sort("_id",-1).limit(1)