Placing picture on axis of MATLAB figure - matlab

I want to make animation of ball (given by the picture here) which starts from origin and goes through a track given by x-vector, y-vector, z-vector (each of nX1).I know I need to use the getframe command but I don't know how to move the picture on the axis. I know that I can put a picture in one of the corner by defining new axis, e.g (exmaple taken from MATLAB offical forum):
numberOfDataPoints = 200;
sampleData = 100*rand(1,numberOfDataPoints);
plot(sampleData);
xlim([1, numberOfDataPoints]);
hold on;
plot(sampleData);
xlim([1, numberOfDataPoints]);
axes1Position = get(gca, 'Position');
logoSizeX = 0.1;
logoSizeY = 0.1;
% Position the logo in the upper right.
x1 = axes1Position(1) + axes1Position(3) - logoSizeX;
y1 = axes1Position(2) + axes1Position(4) - logoSizeY;
hAxis2 = axes('Position', [x1 y1 logoSizeX logoSizeY]);
axis off;
imshow(ball.jpeg);
but since I don't want to create seperate axis, this does not help. How can I define movement of my ball on a given axis?

You can move the object by storing the handle returned by the image drawing function and setting its 'XData', 'YData', and 'ZData' properties. Here is a little example; this example uses warp to draw the image on a spherical surface (generated using sphere), and then moves it around a random path.
close all;
% Load image
[img, imgMap] = imread('peppers.png');
sphereImgSize = min(size(img, 1), size(img, 2));
sphereImg = img(1:sphereImgSize, 1:sphereImgSize, :);
% Generate sphere vertices
[X, Y, Z] = sphere(sphereImgSize);
lims = [-10 10];
figure;
axes;
hImg = warp(X, Y, Z, sphereImg); % NOTE: Store handle returned
xlim(lims);
ylim(lims);
zlim(lims);
axis square;
% Set up movement path
nFrames = 100;
randPathFun = #()rand(nFrames, 1) * diff(lims) + lims(1);
pathX = randPathFun();
pathY = randPathFun();
pathZ = randPathFun();
% Move the image by setting its 'XData' and 'YData' properties
for ii = 1:nFrames
xData = X + pathX(ii);
yData = Y + pathY(ii);
zData = Z + pathZ(ii);
set(hImg, 'XData', xData, 'YData', yData, 'ZData', zData);
pause(0.1);
end

Related

How to combine a 3D surf plot and a comet3 plot in MATLAB?

I'm writing a code to plot the circular orbit of a satellite (created using comet3() function) around a 3d model of the Earth (created using surf() and set() functions). The problem is that I can't seem to find a way to get them together in the same plot. I have tried using hold on and hold off but that doesn't seem to work either. I'm pasting the MATLAB code below for reference.
Edit: All the other functions like sv_from_coe(), odeset, etc. are working perfectly, the only place I'm facing issue is combining the plots from comet3() and set().
G = 6.67E-11;
Me = 5.976E24;
coe = [6776, 0.0005638, 2.0543, 0.9, 5.549, 0];
[r, v] = sv_from_coe(coe);
rv = [r v];
opt = odeset('RelTol', 1e-6, 'AbsTol', 1e-6);
[t,X] = ode45(#rate, [0 2*1.5*3600], rv, opt);
[x,y,z] = sphere;
r_earth = 6378*1000;
figure
hs1 = surf(x*r_earth,y*r_earth,-z*r_earth);
cdata = imread('1024px-Land_ocean_ice_2048.jpg');
alpha = 1;
hold on
axis equal
comet3(X(:,1), X(:,2), X(:,3))
set(hs1, 'FaceColor', 'texturemap', 'CData', cdata, 'FaceAlpha', alpha, 'EdgeColor', 'none')
You just have to reverse the order, first plot the earth and set the texture. Then use comet3 to animate the trajectory:
% earth
[x,y,z] = sphere;
r_earth = 6378*1000;
% some simple trajectory
phi = 0:0.01:2*pi;
r_orbit = r_earth + 408*1e3; % ISS orbit height
xv = r_orbit * cos(phi);
yv = r_orbit * sin(phi);
zv = zeros(size(yv));
% draw figure
figure(1); clf;
ax = axes;
% first plot the earth and set texture
hs1 = surf(x*r_earth,y*r_earth,-z*r_earth);
alpha = 1;
cdata = imread("Land_ocean_ice_2048.jpg");
set(hs1, 'FaceColor', 'texturemap', 'CData', cdata, 'FaceAlpha', alpha, 'EdgeColor', 'none')
hold on
axis equal
% finally, animate using comet3
comet3(xv,yv,zv)

Matlab draw line in image using line equation

Given two coordinate points A and B and its gradient 'slopes'. Now, I want to draw a line (with linspace - function) on an image which worked for lines with a gradient ~1. The line stopped at the image boundary (due to xlims and ylims).
imshow(I)
xlims = xlim(gca);
ylims = ylim(gca);
Now the problem: I try to repeat for another line which is nearly vertical and it did not stop at the image boundary (see picture):
Any solutions how I can draw a line using a y=mx+c equation that stops at the image boundary independent from the gradient?
EDIT:
img = uint8(zeros(382, 382));
pointA = [181.4594, 129.7092];
pointB = [185.3411, 251.6005];
imshow(img)
hold on
plot(pointA(1), pointA(2), 'ro')
plot(pointB(1), pointB(2), 'bo')
hold off
% From y = mx + x
slope = 31.4015;
intercept = -5.5684e+03;
xlims = xlim(gca);
ylims = ylim(gca);
y = xlims*slope + intercept;
Xline = linspace(xlims(1), xlims(2), 382);
Xline_pole1 = linspace(xlims(1), pointA(1), 382/2);
Xline_pole2 = linspace(xlims(2), pointB(1), 382/2);
Yline = Xline*slope + intercept;
Yline_pole1 = Xline_pole1*slope + intercept;
Yline_pole2 = Xline_pole2*slope + intercept;
hold on
plot( Xline_pole1, Yline_pole1, 'Color', 'b', 'LineWidth', 3 );
hold off
% Check how many coordinates are within image frame
for zz=1:length(Xline_pole1)
hold on
plot(Xline_pole1(zz),Yline_pole1(zz), 'm+');
end
Easy workaround:
Just reset your limits after you plotted your lines
imshow(I)
xlims = xlim(gca);
ylims = ylim(gca);
% plot your lines
xlim(xlims)
ylim(ylims)

How do i obtain a cross section from a 3D volume?

I want to obtain a 2D slice from the 3D volume in the example (slightly modified) How do I resolve this issue with 3D image visualization? as follows:
% create input image
imageSizeX = 10;
imageSizeY = 10;
imageSizeZ = 10
% generate 3D grid using voxel size = 0.5
[Xq, Yq, Zq] = ndgrid(1:0.5:imageSizeX-1, 1:0.5:imageSizeY-1, 1:0.5:imageSizeZ-1);
% obtain coordinates of all internal vertices, faces, and edges
allCoords = [Xq(:), Yq(:), Zq(:)]; % i need this bit for something very important but not shown in the question.
% Re-generate 3D grid using voxel size = 1
[columnsInImage, rowsInImage, pagesInImage] = ndgrid(1: imageSizeX-1, 1: imageSizeY-1, 1: imageSizeZ-1);
% create the sphere in the image.
centerY = imageSizeY/2;
centerX = imageSizeX/2;
centerZ = imageSizeZ/2;
diameter = 4;
radius = diameter/2;
sphereVoxels = flipud((rowsInImage - centerY).^2 ...
+ (columnsInImage - centerX).^2 + (pagesInImage - centerZ).^2 <= radius.^2);
% change image from logical to numeric labels.
Img = double(sphereVoxels);
for ii = 1:numel(Img)
if Img(ii) == 0
Img(ii) = 2; % intermediate phase voxels
end
end
% specify the desired angle
angle = 30;
% specify desired pixel height and width of solid
width = imageSizeX;
height = imageSizeY;
page = imageSizeZ;
% Find the row point at which theta will be created
y = centerY - ( radius*cos(angle * pi/180) )
% determine top of the solid bar
y0 = max(1, y-height);
% label everything from y0 to y to be = 3 (solid)
Img(1:width, y0:y, 1:page)=3;
%%%%%% Plot the surfaces
[X, Y, Z, C] = build_voxels(Img > 0);
hSurface = patch(X, Y, Z, Img(C),...
'AmbientStrength', 0.5, ...
'BackFaceLighting', 'unlit', ...
'EdgeColor', 'none', ...
'FaceLighting', 'flat');
colormap([1 0 0; 1 1 0]);
axis equal;
axis tight;
view(45, 45);
grid on;
xlabel('x-axis (voxels)');
ylabel('y-axis (voxels)');
zlabel('z-axis (voxels)');
light('Position', get(gca, 'CameraPosition'), 'Style', 'local');
zoom on;
hold on;
Vq = griddata(columnsInImage, rowsInImage, pagesInImage, Img, Xq, Yq, Zq);
figure
h1 = slice(permute(Xq, [2 1 3]),permute(Yq, [2 1 3]),permute(Zq, [2 1 3]), Vq, 5,2,5);
When i run the code, i get an Error message:
"The number of data point locations should equal the number of data point values.
Error in griddata>useScatteredInterp (line 188)
F = scatteredInterpolant(inargs{1}(:),inargs{2}(:),inargs{3}(:), ..."
I want to believe this is so because the size of columnsInImage and size of pagesInImage are not equal to size(P,1) and size(P,3), respectively.
Nonetheless, I also tried to use a vector as follows:
figure
h1 = slice(Img(:,1), Img(:,2), Img(:,3), Img, 5,2,5);
I however still end up with the error message:
"Error using griddedInterpolant
The grid was created from grid vectors that were not strictly monotonic increasing.
Error in interp3 (line 142)
F = griddedInterpolant(X, Y, Z, V, method,extrap);"
Please, guys i need suggestions/ideas on how i could remedy these. Many thanks in advance!..

MATLAB - How to make multiple markers moving simultaneous in 3d plot in MATLAB

I am currently working on a project simulating the movement of two spacecraft and a moon (Phobos) around Mars. A MATLAB tool called SPICE gives me an array with the x, y and z distances and I have used these to plot the orbit which works fine. Now I want to get markers for each of the spacecraft and Phobos to see when they flyby each other. I got the markers working but not at the same time, they run after each other. I found an example on youtube so it must be possible but he has not released the code how to do it (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nArR2P0o4r4).
This is the code I have:
a = position_MEX_Mars(1,:);
b = position_MEX_Mars(2,:);
c = position_MEX_Mars(3,:);
k = position_MAVEN_Mars(1,:);
l = position_MAVEN_Mars(2,:);
m = position_MAVEN_Mars(3,:);
x = position_Phobos_Mars(1,:);
y = position_Phobos_Mars(2,:);
z = position_Phobos_Mars(3,:);
ah = axes;
set(ah,'XLim',[min(x) max(x)],'YLim',[min(y) max(y)],...
'ZLim',[min(z) max(z)]);
plot3(0,0,0,'ro-',x,y,z,a,b,c,k,l,m);
grid on;
hold on;
hpoint = line('XData', 0,'YData', 0,'ZData', 0,'Color','black','Marker',...
'o','MarkerSize',10);
ht = hgtransform('parent',ah);
set(hpoint,'Parent',ht);
for i =2:length(x)
trans = makehgtform('translate',[x(i) y(i) z(i)]);
set(ht,'Matrix',trans);
pause(0.001);
end
This will run a nice animated plot of the trajectory of Phobos in time but only Phobos and not simultaneous with MEX and MAVEN (spacecraft from ESA and NASA).
I tried this but does not work:
a = position_MEX_Mars(1,:);
b = position_MEX_Mars(2,:);
c = position_MEX_Mars(3,:);
k = position_MAVEN_Mars(1,:);
l = position_MAVEN_Mars(2,:);
m = position_MAVEN_Mars(3,:);
x = position_Phobos_Mars(1,:);
y = position_Phobos_Mars(2,:);
z = position_Phobos_Mars(3,:);
ah = axes;
set(ah,'XLim',[min(x) max(x)],'YLim',[min(y) max(y)],...
'ZLim',[min(z) max(z)]);
plot3(0,0,0,'ro-',x,y,z,a,b,c,k,l,m);
grid on;
hold on;
hpoint = line('XData', 0,'YData', 0,'ZData', 0,'Color','black','Marker',...
'o','MarkerSize',10);
ht = hgtransform('parent',ah);
set(hpoint,'Parent',ht);
for i =2:length(x)
trans1 = makehgtform('translate',[x(i) y(i) z(i)]);
set(ht,'Matrix',trans1);
trans2 = makehgtform('translate',[a(i) b(i) c(i)]);
set(ht,'Matrix',trans2);
pause(0.001);
end
I also tried merging the arrays so that it plots them each one step after each other but that makes the animation not smooth and is not satisfying for the project.
a = position_MEX_Mars(1,:);
b = position_MEX_Mars(2,:);
c = position_MEX_Mars(3,:);
k = position_MAVEN_Mars(1,:);
l = position_MAVEN_Mars(2,:);
m = position_MAVEN_Mars(3,:);
x = position_Phobos_Mars(1,:);
y = position_Phobos_Mars(2,:);
z = position_Phobos_Mars(3,:);
tempx = [position_MEX_Mars(1,:); position_Phobos_Mars(1,:); position_MAVEN_Mars(1,:)];
xt = tempx(:);
tempy = [position_MEX_Mars(2,:); position_Phobos_Mars(2,:); position_MAVEN_Mars(2,:)];
yt = tempy(:);
tempz = [position_MEX_Mars(3,:); position_Phobos_Mars(3,:); position_MAVEN_Mars(3,:)];
zt = tempz(:);
ah = axes;
set(ah,'XLim',[min(x) max(x)],'YLim',[min(y) max(y)],...
'ZLim',[min(z) max(z)]);
plot3(0,0,0,'ro-',x,y,z,a,b,c,k,l,m);
grid on;
hold on;
hpoint = line('XData', 0,'YData', 0,'ZData', 0,'Color','black','Marker',...
'o','MarkerSize',10);
ht = hgtransform('parent',ah);
set(hpoint,'Parent',ht);
for i =2:length(x)
trans = makehgtform('translate',[xt(i) yt(i) zt(i)]);
set(ht,'Matrix',trans);
pause(0.001);
end
I think I am close but I seem to be missing something and my knowledge of MATLAB is not that great yet. I hope you can help me out.
Cheers Jeroen
Here's a simplified (and not physically correct) example that could perhaps be useful:
t = linspace(0,2,1000); %// time parameter
x1 = 10*cos(2*pi*t+1);
y1 = 5*sin(2*pi*t+1); %// trajectory of object 1
x2 = 2*cos(6*pi*t-2);
y2 = 3*sin(6*pi*t-2); %// trajectory of object 1
plot(x1,y1,'color',[.5 .5 .5]); %// plot trajectory of object 1
hold on
plot(x2,y2,'color',[.5 .5 .5]); %// plot trajectory of object 2
h1 = plot(x1(1),y1(1),'ro'); %// plot initial position of object 1
h2 = plot(x2(1),y2(1),'b*'); %// plot initial position of object 2
axis([-12 12 -12 12]) %// freeze axis size
grid on
for n = 1:numel(t)
set(h1, 'XData', x1(n), 'YData', y1(n)); %// update position of object 2
set(h2, 'XData', x2(n), 'YData', y2(n)); %// update position of object 2
drawnow %// refresh figure
end
The thing that you tries to do is not really as easy as you think. The main issue is that you need to update everything at the same time. This have been implemented in several ways during the years. One way to do this is by using a so called a double buffer.
This means that you have two "surfaces" to paint on. In matlab this is translated to 2 axes (or 2 figures maybe). However, you do only have one axes visible at the same time. This means that you will have time to paint everything on the "hidden surface" before displaying the content. When you are done with everything you need you just switch which surface being visible.
It is possible that this can be done in a simpler way, but I am not familiar with the hgtransfrom functions in matlab.
EDIT
This is an example how it can be done
function test()
fig = figure;
ax1 = axes;
plot(1:10);
ax2 = axes;
plot(1:10,'r');
setVisibility(ax2,'off');
pause(1);
for k = 1:5
setVisibility(ax2,'on');
setVisibility(ax1,'off');
pause(1);
setVisibility(ax1,'on');
setVisibility(ax2,'off');
pause(1);
end
function setVisibility(ax, visibility)
set(ax, 'visible', visibility)
set(findall(ax), 'visible', visibility)

3D body plot in matlab ( volume visualization )

I have little or no experience with volumetric data in MATLAB,
I need to complete next task:
I have 3 vectors ( rows ):
x_ = vector(1:smpl:max_row,1);
y_ = vector(1:smpl:max_row,2);
z_ = vector(1:smpl:max_row,3);
that are samples from large 3 columns array vector with height max_row.
x_ , y_ , z_ are points of 3D figure - surface points of the figure ( volume ). They represent 3D body that should be drawn in matlab.
I created linear grid:
%linear grid
a = -1.1:step:(-1.1+step*(length(x_)-1));
b = -1.1:step:(-1.1+step*(length(y_)-1));
c = -1.1:step:(-1.1+step*(length(z_)-1));
[x,y,z] = meshgrid(-1.1:step:(-1.1+step*(length(x_)-1)));
and also I create array v length(x_)*length(x_)*length(x_) that contains '1' in cells that are of 3D body representation function points and '0' another.
I tryied to make interpolation:
vi = interp3(x,y,z,v,x,y,z,'nearest');
but then vi = v that I've already created.
Now I need to plot the v array on 3D and form 3D body like in
http://www.mathworks.com/help/techdoc/ref/isonormals.html
for example.
I make that next way:
%plotting:
figure
p = patch(isosurface(x,y,z,v,1e-5,'verbose'),'FaceColor','green','EdgeColor','none');
grid on;
isonormals(v,p);
daspect([1 1 1])
view(3);
axis tight;
camproj perspective;
camlight
lighting gouraud
colormap(hsv)
but I get then only small rectangles in place of function '1' that are not connected like in picture that is attached.
I expect solid body enclosed by that points to be plotted.
Does anybody know what is the problem , how to draw 3D body from the x,y,z,v arrays ?
Thanks in advance.
image:
http://imgur.com/Ulegj
Try this, which will be a nice plot (it interpolates a bit though):
x = vector(1:smpl:max_row,1);
y = vector(1:smpl:max_row,2);
z = vector(1:smpl:max_row,3);
% Settings
displaySurface = 1;
displayPoints = 0;
xres = 800; % Resolution, the higher, the smoother
yres = 800;
cm = 'default'; % Colormap
% Axes Limits
xmin = min(x);
ymin = min(y);
xmax = max(x);
ymax = max(y);
xi = linspace(xmin, xmax, xres);
yi = linspace(ymin, ymax, yres);
% Figure
myfig = figure('Position', [200 200 800 600]);
rotate3d off
[XI, YI] = meshgrid(xi, yi);
ZI = griddata(x, y, z, XI, YI, 'cubic');
mesh(XI,YI,ZI);
colormap(cm)
if(displaySurface == 1)
hold on;
surf(XI, YI, ZI, 'EdgeColor', 'none');
end
hold on;
xlabel('x');
ylabel('y');
zlabel('z');
title('Title', 'FontWeight', 'bold');
xlim([xmin xmax])
ylim([ymin ymax])
grid off;
if(displayPoints == 1)
hold on
plot3(x, y, z,'marker','p','markerfacecolor','w','linestyle','none')
hidden off
end