Matlab double summation of series - matlab

I am trying to use a function in Matlab which will give me the following equation:
The x and a values are in two matrices. I have tried almost everything, but cannot get the correct answer. Anyone who can help??
Thanks

Assuming A and X are vectors of size n x 1, you could construct that expression by writing transpose(X) * (sqrt(A * transpose(A)) .* (ones(n) - eye(n))) * X.

Another way to do this is
a = sqrt(ain); % ain is your input column vector
A = a*a.';
A = A-diag(diag(A));
aresult = x.'*A*x % x is your (other) input column vector

Related

How to apply a function on every pair of rows of a Matrix in Matlab?

I'm new to matlab and working with matrix and I'm kinda confused.
I'm supposed to make a m x n matrix called M and it's elements are -1, 1 and 0.
I need to write a function called d(x,y) which returns 1 if x = -1 and y = 1. And returns 0 otherwise.
and another function which calculates the sum of d(m(i,j),m(k,j)) in every column:
Please read the comment for an example.
How to find the sum?
I know basic programming but I don't know how to do this.
You can use nchoosek for selction:
comb = nchoosek(1:size(m,1), 2);
result = zeros(1, length(comb)); % allocate the memory
% you can run some techniques to run a function on each row of comb
% which is mentinoned in other posts instead of the following code
for i = 1:length(comb)
result(i) = sum(abs(m(comb(i,1), :) - m(comb(i,2), :)) == 2);
end

Huge Fourier matrix - MATLAB

I need to create a Fourier matrix in order to apply it to a huge matrix that I needed to define as sparse using spalloc. I tried:
F=dftmtx(N);
but N is too large so I can't create it.
Is there any way to solve this problem?
Thank you for your help!
For each column, you can form a reduced DFT matrix by leaving out the entries that will multiply zeros. Something like
X = my_matrix;
c = column_index;
x = X(:,c);
N = length(x);
inds = find(x);
F = exp( -1j * 2*pi/N * (0:N-1)' * (inds-1) );
Xdft(:,c) = F * x(inds);
You'll have to iterate over the columns unless the zeros in the input matrix don't change column-to-column. However, the above still seems silly to me. I'd just pull off one column at a time and use fft().

Vectorize column wise operation in octave or matlab

How can I vectorize the following code? It is basically computing the mean of each column.
mu(1) = sum(X(:,1))/C
mu(2) = sum(X(:,2))/C
and this (normalized each element, each column has different mean and std): (X is 47x2. mu, sigma are both 1x2)
X_norm(:,1) = (X(:,1)-mu(1))/sigma(1)
X_norm(:,2) = (X(:,2)-mu(2))/sigma(2)
It's as simple as:
mu = sum(X) ./ C
sum by default operates along the first dimension (on columns).
EDIT:
For the second part of the question:
X_norm = bsxfun(#rdivide, bsxfun(#minus, X, mu), sigma)
It is similar to doing repmat's, but without the memory overhead.
You can even use mu = mean(X).

How do I put in two variables in a matlab function (ERROR: inner matrix dimensions must agree)?

When I try to plot a function h in MATLAB, using a variable omega which is defined as its own function, I get an Inner matrix dimensions must agree, error using _*_ response from the console.
The function works when I use a + between the seperate function-components of h; It does not work when I try multiplying the two inner functions in h, which is, from what I guess, what causes the matrix dim error.
function h = freqp(omega)
k = (1:1024-1);
hh = (1:1024-1);
omega = zeros(length(k),1);
omega = (k-1)*((2*pi)/1024);
hh = 2*exp((-3j)*omega)*cos(omega); % This works for ...omega) + cos(...
% but not for ...omega) * cos(, why?
y = fft(hh);
stem(real(y), omega);
How can I solve this? I read the info on mathworks but it only gives a solution for e.g. loading a file. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Since Omega is a vector, the addition works. But multiplication of two vectors will result as a matrix. You can modify
hh = 2*exp((-3j)*omega)*cos(omega);
as
hh = 2*exp((-3j)*omega)*(cos(omega))';
or looking for element wise multiplication,
use
hh = 2*exp((-3j)*omega).*cos(omega);
The part exp((-3j)*omega worked fine because -3j is a complex scalar and omega a vector. Thus, MATLAB multiplies each element of omega with -3i. However, that result is a vector itself. Also cos(omega) is a vector, and both are row vectors.
In this case, with two vectors, the *-operator means dot product but that would be calculated between a column vector and a row vector, not two row vectors. So, [1 2 3] * [4 5 6] will raise the same error you are reporting, but [1 2 3] * [4 5 6]' yields 32.
From invoking fft on hh your code looks, however, as if you never intended to calculate a dot product (a scalar) but instead were looking for element-wise multiplication. The operator for element-wise multiplication is .*, such that your expression would be instead
hh = 2*exp((-3j)*omega).*cos(omega);

Generate matrix with for-loop in matlab

Say I have two functions f(x), g(x), and a vector:
xval=1:0.01:2
For each of these individual x values, I want to define a vector of y-values, covering the y-interval bounded by the two functions (or possibly a matrix where columns are x-values, and rows are y-values).
How would I go about creating a loop that would handle this for me? I have absolutely no idea myself, but I'm sure some of you have something right up your sleeve. I've been sweating over this problem for a few hours by now.
Thanks in advance.
Since you wish to generate a matrix, I assume the number of values between f(x) and g(x) should be the same for every xval. Let's call that number of values n_pt. Then, we also know what the dimensions of your result matrix rng will be.
n_pt = 10;
xval = 1 : 0.01 : 2;
rng = zeros(n_pt, length(xval));
Now, into the loop. Once we know what the y-values returned by f(x) and g(x) are, we can use linspace to give us n_pt equally spaced points between them.
for n = 1 : length(xval)
y_f = f(xval(n))
y_g = g(xval(n))
rng(:, n) = linspace(y_f, y_g, n_pt)';
end
This is nice because with linspace you don't need to worry about whether y_f > y_g, y_f == y_g or y_f < y_g. That's all taken care of already.
For demsonstration, I run this example for xval = 1 : 0.1 : 2 and the two sinusoids f = #(x) sin(2 * x) and g = #(x) sin(x) * 2. The points are plotted using plot(xval, rng, '*k');.