; Declare the window_title_array
window_title_array%1% = 3270 Display A - A
window_title_array%2% = 3270 Display A - B
window_title_array%3% = 3270 Display A - C
window_title_array%4% = 3270 Display A - D
window_title_array%5% = 3270 Display A - E
window_title_array%6% = 3270 Display A - F
counter := 1
my_string := window_title_array%counter%
MsgBox, %my_string%
How to get the string from the array with a counter variable? I tried to do counter = 1 and counter := 1. Both of them failed to access the array. I am not sure where is the mistake. Thank you!
PS: The version I have is quite outdated - Version 1.0.47.06
I believe it's in how you're creating your array. By putting percent signs around your array indexes, you're actually saying that you want to use the first file-level input parameter (in the case of using %1%). This is most likely blank, so what it ends up looking for is a variable named "window_title_array"
Take out the percents. You should use this:
window_title_array1 = 3270 Display A - A
window_title_array2 = 3270 Display A - B
window_title_array3 = 3270 Display A - C
window_title_array4 = 3270 Display A - D
window_title_array5 = 3270 Display A - E
window_title_array6 = 3270 Display A - F
And not this:
window_title_array%1% = 3270 Display A - A
window_title_array%2% = 3270 Display A - B
window_title_array%3% = 3270 Display A - C
window_title_array%4% = 3270 Display A - D
window_title_array%5% = 3270 Display A - E
window_title_array%6% = 3270 Display A - F
And then if you want to reference something with a counter variable, ... (looking at your code)... you would do it exactly like you are.
And note that this is not a native array in AHK. But if you have an older version you may not be able to use native arrays. This is how arrays were done for a long time in AHK.
Furthermore, another way I deal with this is by creating a "built-in" counter/length variable and use that to dynamically number my arrays. Then that can easily be referenced in array loops etc. And notice no hand-coding of array indexes, which means you can add more or insert them without having to renumber anything. I'm often doing arrays of structures, and below is a simple example...
myArr0 = 0 ; At the end, this will hold the count of the array
myArr0++
myArr%myArr0%_firstName = John
myArr%myArr0%_lastName = Smith
myArr0++
myArr%myArr0%_firstName = Bill
myArr%myArr0%_lastName = Jones
myNames =
; assemble a list of names, a simple example
loop, %myArr0%
{
myNames := myNames . myArr%a_index%_firstName . ", "
}
And I use the <array name>0 syntax for the counter because that's the same syntax as outputted by the stringsplit command.
The problem is not in counter variable, both of your versions will work fine but I suggest you to always use only := in AutoHotkey. You can use expression with := and if you need to assign text to variable just enclose text with "" like this a := "Some text here". But to assign to the variable the result of expression dont use "", like this a:= 1+1. Try to not use = for assignment in AutoHotkey.
Look in comments in my code and notes below my code for explanation. Here is working code:
window_title_array := [] ; We create array here
; we are adding items to array.
window_title_array[1] := "3270 Display A - A"
window_title_array[2] := "3270 Display A - B"
window_title_array[3] := "3270 Display A - C"
window_title_array[4] := "3270 Display A - D"
window_title_array[5] := "3270 Display A - E"
window_title_array[6] := "3270 Display A - F"
counter := 1
my_string := window_title_array[counter] ; here we need [] to indicate that we are using array cell and variable incide it does not needs to be enclosed in %%
MsgBox, %my_string%
Here you can get more infor about arrays and AutoHotkey http://ahkscript.org/docs/Objects.htm#Usage
Keep in mind that all arrays in AutoHotkey are objects.
also you can declare array and add values in one string. More about it in link that a gave you above.
Also, always use AutoHotkey and its documenatation from http://ahkscript.org/ (current uptodate version, new official website)! AutoHotkey and its documentation from autohotkey.com is outdated and you may have some problems using them!
Related
I have two editable numeric fields and a table in app designer; the user can enter the values in these editable fields and then push a button. Then, the values are added to a table. Also, I provide an option to attach an excel folder that should have two columns to reflect on the table.
Both of these work perfectly fine individually, but, if I added the values manually then attached an excel folder or vice versa, I get the following error: All tables in the bracketed expression must have the same variable names.
The function that handles the editable fields:
app.t = app.UITable.Data;
x = app.xvalueEditField.Value;
y = app.yvalueEditField.Value;
nr = table(x, y);
app.UITable.Data = [app.t; nr]; %% error happens here if I attach excel then add manually
app.t = app.UITable.Data;
The Function of the excel folder:
text = readtable([pathname filename], "Sheet",1, 'ReadVariableNames',false);
fl = cellfun(#isnumeric,table2cell(text(1,:)));
if (numel(fl(fl == false)) > 0)
flag = false;
else
flag = true;
end
if (flag)
A = [app.t; text]; %% error happens here if I add manually then attach
app.UITable.Data = A;
app.t = text;
end
Note: these are only the parts of the function, where I attempt to combine values
Can someone please help me?
Thank you
The error message is telling you that table only allows you to vertically concatenate tables when the 'VariableNames' properties match. This is documented here: https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/vertcat.html#btxzag0-1 .
In your first code example, the table nr will have variable names x and y (derived from the names of the underlying variables you used to construct the table). You could fix that case by doing:
% force nr to have the same VariableNames as app.t:
nr = table(x, y, 'VariableNames', app.t.Properties.VariableNames);
and in the second case, you can force text to have the correct variable names like this:
text.Properties.VariableNames = app.t.Properties.VariableNames
I have a long list of variables in my workspace.
First, I'm finding the potential variables I could be interested in using the who function. Next, I'd like to loop through this list to find the size of each variable, however who outputs only the name of the variables as a string.
How could I use this list to refer to the values of the variables, rather than just the name?
Thank you,
list = who('*time*')
list =
'time'
'time_1'
'time_2'
for i = 1:size(list,1);
len(i,1) = length(list(i))
end
len =
1
1
1
If you want details about the variables, you can use whos instead which will return a struct that contains (among other things) the dimensions (size) and storage size (bytes).
As far as getting the value, you could use eval but this is not recommended and you should instead consider using cell arrays or structs with dynamic field names rather than dynamic variable names.
S = whos('*time*');
for k = 1:numel(S)
disp(S(k).name)
disp(S(k).bytes)
disp(S(k).size)
% The number of elements
len(k) = prod(S(k).size);
% You CAN get the value this way (not recommended)
value = eval(S(k).name);
end
#Suever nicely explained the straightforward way to get this information. As I noted in a comment, I suggest that you take a step back, and don't generate those dynamically named variables to begin with.
You can access structs dynamically, without having to resort to the slow and unsafe eval:
timestruc.field = time;
timestruc.('field1') = time_1;
fname = 'field2';
timestruc.(fname) = time_2;
The above three assignments are all valid for a struct, and so you can address the fields of a single data struct by generating the field strings dynamically. The only constraint is that field names have to be valid variable names, so the first character of the field has to be a letter.
But here's a quick way out of the trap you got yourself into: save your workspace (well, the relevant part) in a .mat file, and read it back in. You can do this in a way that will give you a struct with fields that are exactly your variable names:
time = 1;
time_1 = 2;
time_2 = rand(4);
save('tmp.mat','time*'); % or just save('tmp.mat')
S = load('tmp.mat');
afterwards S will be a struct, each field will correspond to a variable you saved into 'tmp.mat':
>> S
S =
time: 1
time_1: 2
time_2: [4x4 double]
An example writing variables from workspace to csv files:
clear;
% Writing variables of myfile.mat to csv files
load('myfile.mat');
allvars = who;
for i=1:length(allvars)
varname = strjoin(allvars(i));
evalstr = strcat('csvwrite(', char(39), varname, '.csv', char(39), ', ', varname, ')');
eval(evalstr);
end
the function dir returns an array like
.
..
Folder1
Folder2
and every time I have to get rid of the first 2 items, with methods like :
for i=1:numel(folders)
foldername = folders(i).name;
if foldername(1) == '.' % do nothing
continue;
end
do_something(foldername)
end
and with nested loops it can result in a lot of repeated code.
So can I avoid these "folders" by an easier way?
Thanks for any help!
Edit:
Lately I have been dealing with this issue more simply, like this :
for i=3:numel(folders)
do_something(folders(i).name)
end
simply disregarding the first two items.
BUT, pay attention to #Jubobs' answer. Be careful for folder names that start with a nasty character that have a smaller ASCII value than .. Then the second method will fail. Also, if it starts with a ., then the first method will fail :)
So either make sure you have nice folder names and use one of my simple solutions, or use #Jubobs' solution to make sure.
A loop-less solution:
d=dir;
d=d(~ismember({d.name},{'.','..'}));
TL; DR
Scroll to the bottom of my answer for a function that lists directory contents except . and ...
Detailed answer
The . and .. entries correspond to the current folder and the parent folder, respectively. In *nix shells, you can use commands like ls -lA to list everything but . and ... Sadly, MATLAB's dir doesn't offer this functionality.
However, all is not lost. The elements of the output struct array returned by the dir function are actually ordered in lexicographical order based on the name field. This means that, if your current MATLAB folder contains files/folders that start by any character of ASCII code point smaller than that of the full stop (46, in decimal), then . and .. willl not correspond to the first two elements of that struct array.
Here is an illustrative example: if your current MATLAB folder has the following structure (!hello and 'world being either files or folders),
.
├── !hello
└── 'world
then you get this
>> f = dir;
>> for k = 1 : length(f), disp(f(k).name), end
!hello
'world
.
..
Why are . and .. not the first two entries, here? Because both the exclamation point and the single quote have smaller code points (33 and 39, in decimal, resp.) than that of the full stop (46, in decimal).
I refer you to this ASCII table for an exhaustive list of the visible characters that have an ASCII code point smaller than that of the full stop; note that not all of them are necessarily legal filename characters, though.
A custom dir function that does not list . and ..
Right after invoking dir, you can always get rid of the two offending entries from the struct array before manipulating it. Moreover, for convenience, if you want to save yourself some mental overhead, you can always write a custom dir function that does what you want:
function listing = dir2(varargin)
if nargin == 0
name = '.';
elseif nargin == 1
name = varargin{1};
else
error('Too many input arguments.')
end
listing = dir(name);
inds = [];
n = 0;
k = 1;
while n < 2 && k <= length(listing)
if any(strcmp(listing(k).name, {'.', '..'}))
inds(end + 1) = k;
n = n + 1;
end
k = k + 1;
end
listing(inds) = [];
Test
Assuming the same directory structure as before, you get the following:
>> f = dir2;
>> for k = 1 : length(f), disp(f(k).name), end
!hello
'world
a similar solution from the one suggested by Tal is:
listing = dir(directoryname);
listing(1:2)=[]; % here you erase these . and .. items from listing
It has the advantage to use a very common trick in Matlab, but assumes that you know that the first two items of listing are . and .. (which you do in this case). Whereas the solution provided by Tal (which I did not try though) seems to find the . and .. items even if they are not placed at the first two positions within listing.
Hope that helps ;)
If you're just using dir to get a list of files and and directories, you can use Matlab's ls function instead. On UNIX systems, this just returns the output of the shell's ls command, which may be faster than calling dir. The . and .. directories won't be displayed (unless your shell is set up to do so). Also, note that the behavior of this function is different between UNIX and Windows systems.
If you still want to use dir, and you test each file name explicitly, as in your example, it's a good idea to use strcmp (or one of its relations) instead of == to compare strings. The following would skip all hidden files and folder on UNIX systems:
listing = dir;
for i = 1:length(listing)
if ~strcmp(listing(i).name(1),'.')
% Do something
...
end
end
You may also wanna exclude any other files besides removing dots
d = dir('/path/to/parent/folder')
d(1:2)=[]; % removing dots
d = d([d.isdir]) % [d.isdir] returns a logical array of 1s representing folders and 0s for other entries
I used: a = dir(folderPath);
Then used two short code that return struct:
my_isdir = a([a.isdir]) Get a struct which only has folder info
my_notdir = a(~[a.isdir]) Get a struct which only has non-folder info
Combining #jubobs and #Tal solutions:
function d = dir2(folderPath)
% DIR2 lists the files in folderPath ignoring the '.' and '..' paths.
if nargin<1; folderPath = '.'; elseif nargin == 1
d = dir(folderPath);
d = d(~ismember({d.name},{'.','..'}));
end
None of the above puts together the elements as I see the question having being asked - obtain a list only of directories, while excluding the parents.
Just combining the elements, I would go with:
function d = dirsonly(folderPath)
% dirsonly lists the unhidden directories in folderPath ignoring '.' and '..'
% creating a simple cell array without the rest of the dir struct information
if nargin<1; folderPath = '.'; elseif nargin == 1
d = dir(folderPath);
d = {d([d.isdir] & [~ismember({d.name},{'.','..'})]).name}.';
end
if hidden folders in general aren't wanted the ismember line could be replaced with:
d = {d([d.isdir] & [~strncmp({d.name},'.',1)]).name}.';
if there were very very large numbers of interfering non-directory files it might be more efficient to separate the steps:
d = d([d.isdir]);
d = {d([~strncmp({d.name},'.',1)]).name}.';
We can use the function startsWith
folders = dir("folderPath");
folders = string({folders.name});
folders = folders(~startsWith(folders,"."))
Potential Solution - just remove the fields
Files = dir;
FilesNew = Files(3:end);
You can just remove them as they are the first two "files" in the structure
Or if you are actually looking for specific file types:
Files = dir('*.mat');
I have the following auto hotkey script:
A:= 5
B := "7"
C := A.B
MsgBox %C%
The third line does not work.
I'm expecting output of "57"
I have tried the following:
C := %A%.%B%
C := (A).(B)
C := (A.B)
C := (%A%.%B%)
C := (%A%).(%B%)
None of which work
Can anyone tell me how to do it?
I'm using version 1.1.09.04
Just updated to latest version 1.1.14.01 and its still the same
You have distinguish between expressions (:=) and "normal" value assigments (=). Your goal can be met with several approaches, as shown in the following examples:
a := 5
b := 7
x := 6789
; String concatenation
str1 = %a%%b%
; or as an expression
str2 := a b
; or with explicit concatenation operators
str3 := a . b
; Mathematical "concatenation"
; if b has exactly one digit
val1 := a*10 + b
; for any integer
val2 := a * (10**StrLen(x)) + x ; ** is the "power" operator
msgbox, str1 = %str1%`nstr2 = %str2%`nstr3 = %str3%`nval1 = %val1%`nval2 = %val2%
This code will print:
str1 = 57
str2 = 57
str3 = 57
val1 = 57
val2 = 56789
In AHK, all of these methods should be quasi-equivalent: They produce the same kind of output. The mathematical approach marks the variables as numbers, leading to possible trailing zeros, which you may want to Round() before displaying. The output of our string concatenation can be used as a number as well, since AHK auto-boxes them if neccessary. For example, you could calculate
z := str1 - 1
and it would evaluate to 56.
I personally prefer the mathematical approach, since it will result result in an actual number and not a string, which seems only logical.
I am trying to cycle through a list of variables I have say 30+ and calculate the maximum and minimum value for each column in each variable. Save this in a new array and then export to excel.
My thoughts were to use the who function to create an array with the name of all variables which are present. Then cycling through each one using a for loop after working out the size of the array which was created. This works fine, however when I try and use the string to reference the array it does not work.
I will add in the code which I have written hopefully someone will be able to come up with an easy solution :).
variable_list = who
cell2 = input('What cell size do you want to look at? ');
STARTcell = input('What was the start cell size? ');
[num_variables, temp] = size(variable_list);
for va = 1:num_variables
variable = variable_list{va}
[max_value, max_index] = max(variable{cell2/STARTcell})
[min_value, min_index] = min(variable{cell2/STARTcell})
format_values{va} = vertcat(max_values, max_index, min_value, min_index);
end
The variables I am looking at are arrays which is why I use the cell2/STARTcell to reference them.
You need to use the eval() function to be able to get the value of a variable corresponding to a string. For example:
a = 1;
b = 2;
variable_list = who;
c = eval(variable_list{2});
results in c being 2. In your code, the following line needs to change from:
variable = variable_list{va}
to:
variable = eval(variable_list{va});
resulting in variable having the value of the variable indicated by the string variable_list{va}. If variable is of cell type, then you should be fine, otherwise you may have to revise the next two lines of code as well because it seems that you are trying to access the content of a cell.