How to match interrogation and exclamation marks in emacs? - emacs

Proper Spanish writing requires to have opening and closing marks for interrogation and exclamation. Eg: ¡Qué buena página!, ¿Cómo cambiar emacs?.
I would like to have the same behavior as parentheses matching: highlight the pair or show that one is mismatched.
How can this be achieved?

In theory to get matches, for example between "<" and ">"
you should write:
(modify-syntax-entry ?< "(>")
(modify-syntax-entry ?> ")<")
But this is not work for all unicode symbols,
see http://projects.haskell.org/pipermail/haskellmode-emacs/2011-July/000107.html

Here is a first rough draft of the idea mentioned in my comment above -- it contemplates the user is in text-mode:
(defun my-custom-keywords ()
(font-lock-add-keywords nil (list
(list "\\(¡\\)\\(\\(.\\|\n\\)+?\\)\\(!\\)"
'(1 font-lock-keyword-face t)
'(2 'default t)
'(4 font-lock-keyword-face t))
(list "\\(¿\\)\\(\\(.\\|\n\\)+?\\)\\([?]\\)"
'(1 font-lock-keyword-face t)
'(2 'default t)
'(4 font-lock-keyword-face t))
(list "\\(¡\\|!\\|¿\\|[?]\\)"
'(1 font-lock-warning-face)) )))
(add-hook 'text-mode-hook 'my-custom-keywords)

Related

Removing enclosed text in Emacs

I would like to delete enclosed text between special characters like: ["{'<( etc .. this way I can remove text like "this is a very ... long text" with a simple keyboard shortcut. I was looking for some already existing mode that performs something similar but I didn't found any so I created some lisp code which performs good in most of situations, however it's not working correctly in all cases. For example if I have the following text entry and I put the cursor in the position"^" then I would liek to remove all the text enclosed by " but it doesn't work:
"aaaaa ] > [more text] aaaaa"
------------ ^
My lisp code is the following:
;; returns the enclosing character for the character "c"
(defun get-enc-char (c) (cond
((string= c "(") ")")
((string= c "[") "]")
((string= c "{") "}")
((string= c ">") "<")
((string= c "<") ">")
((string= c "'") "'")
((string= c "\"") "\"")
(t nil)
)
)
(defun delete-enclosed-text ()
"Delete texts between any pair of delimiters."
(interactive)
(save-excursion
(let (p1 p2 mychar)
; look for one of those characters and store the cursor position
(skip-chars-backward "^([\'\"><{") (setq p1 (point))
; store the char at this point, look for its enclosed char and advance
; the cursor newly (this done to avoid the cases when the char and
; its enclosed-char are the same like " or ' chars.
(backward-char 1) (setq mychar (thing-at-point 'char)) (forward-char 1)
; look forward for the enclosed char
(skip-chars-forward (concatenate 'string "^" (get-enc-char mychar))) (setq p2 (point))
; only delete the region if we found the enclosed character
(if (looking-at "[\]\}\"\'\)<>]") (kill-region p1 p2)))))
Following is an example:
Here a solution based on your code
;; returns the enclosing character for the character "c"
(defun get-enc-char (c) (cond
((string= c "(") ")")
((string= c "[") "]")
((string= c "{") "}")
((string= c ">") "<")
((string= c "<") ">")
((string= c "'") "'")
((string= c "\"") "\"")
(t nil)
))
(defvar empty-enclose 0)
(defun delete-enclosed-text ()
"Delete texts between any pair of delimiters."
(interactive)
(setq empty-enclose 0)
(save-excursion
(let (p1 p2 orig)
(setq orig (point))
(setq p1 (point))
(setq p2 (point))
(setq find 0)
(setq mychar (thing-at-point 'char))
(if (-contains? '("(" "[" "{" "<" "'" "\"") mychar)
(progn
(setq left_encloser (thing-at-point 'char))
(backward-char -1)
(if (string-equal (thing-at-point 'char) (get-enc-char left_encloser))
(progn
(backward-char -1)
(setq p2 (point))
(setq find 1)
(setq empty-enclose 1)))))
(while (eq find 0)
(skip-chars-backward "^({[<>\"'")
(setq p1 (point))
(backward-char 1)
(setq left_encloser (thing-at-point 'char))
(goto-char orig)
(while (and (not (eobp)) (eq find 0))
(backward-char -1)
(skip-chars-forward "^)}]<>\"'")
(setq right_encloser (thing-at-point 'char))
(if (string-equal right_encloser (get-enc-char left_encloser))
(progn
(setq p2 (point))
(setq find 1))))
(goto-char p1)
(backward-char 1))
(delete-region p1 p2)))
(if (eq empty-enclose 0)
(backward-char 1)))
I rapid-sketched something, it doesn't match exactly what you're asking for but I think it could fullfill the same requirements in an even more comfortable way, give it a try and let me know! This interactive function is called with no arguments after selecting a region and asks you for an enclosing mark: this can be any char or string that is directly recognized by replace-regex (direct use of *,.,[ etc wouldn't be the case, but you still can use other chars like {},% etc or even HTML-like markups like <idx>).
The function will delete all text within the selected region, from the very first apparition of the mark to the very last (even if there is an odd number of them), marks are also deleted.
(defun remove-enclosed-in-selection (beginning end)
"select a region, call this function and type any valid regex
markup. All characters from its first to its last appearance will
be removed (including the symbol itself. Example: try with § and %:
aaaa§bbbbcc%c§cc§ddddeeee§ffffgggghhhhiiii§jjjj§kkkkllll§mmmm%nnnn"
(interactive "r")
(let ((x (read-string "type enclosing mark: ")))
(narrow-to-region beginning end)
(replace-regexp (concat x ".*" x) "")
(widen)))
Then you can globally bind it to any keyboard shortcut you want as usual:
(global-set-key (kbd "C-. <C-return>") 'remove-enclosed-in-selection)
or locally to any custom hook you may have:
(defun custom-whatever-hook ()
(local-set-key (kbd "C-. <C-return>")) 'remove-enclosed-in-selection)
(add-hook 'whatever-hook 'custom-whatever-hook)
so, summarizing:
select region
M-x remove-enclosed-in-selection or your custom keystroke
press RET, type valid marker, press RET
the enclosed contents should be removed
The narrow-widen approach seems quick&dirty to me, but I couldn't find another way in the short term. So it may still need a couple of fixes, let me know if it works as expected. Plus, I'm not that an emacs hacker... yet! :P
cheers

Emacs Lisp: A list inside a mapcar

I'm using a function that uses a mapcar to apply a (simple) function to all members of a list, like this :
(mapcar 'my-concat-function '(
"/path/one.php"
"/path/two.php"))
But I want to use directory-files to generate the file list and filter it, something like this :
(mapcar 'my-concat-function '(
(directory-files "/path/" nil "\\.php$")))
But I always get a
find-file-noselect: Wrong type argument: stringp, (directory-files "/path/" nil "\\.php$")
When I evaluate
(directory-files "/path/" nil "\\.php$")
It returns
("one.php" "two.php" "three.php" ...)
(I did not add the "..." ; Emacs did. No matter the size of the list, it seems to always end with "...")
Question :
How can I format the output of directory-files so that it produces exactly what mapcar wants, a single list of atoms, I don't really know how to call this form :
"one.php" "two.php" "three.php"
Without the parenthesis, and without those weird "..."?
EDIT
When I try the forms suggested (thank you guys) the quoted function as 1st arg of mapcar does not work (the regexp don't find anything, all files end up open in empty (?) buffers) anymore :(
Here is the full code, thank you very much for helping, it's weird, this function took very little time to write, and now i'm blocked since hours on this simple list issue, arg.
(defun px-bpm-parse (fname)
"Extract elements. Basic Project Management."
(setq in-buf (set-buffer (find-file fname)))
(setq u1 '())
(setq u2 '())
(setq u3 '())
(setq project-dir "/var/www/html/microlabel.git/")
(beginning-of-buffer)
(while
(re-search-forward "^.*<link.*href=\"\\([^\"]+\\)\".*rel=\"stylesheet\"" nil t)
(when (match-string 0)
(setq url (match-string 1) )
(setq u3 (cons (concat "[[file:" project-dir url "][" url "]]\n") u3))))
(beginning-of-buffer)
(while
(re-search-forward "^.*<a.*href=\"\\([^\"]+\\)\"[^>]+>\\([^<]+\\)</a>" nil t)
(when (match-string 0)
(setq url (match-string 1) )
(setq title (match-string 2) )
(setq u1 (cons (concat "[[file:" project-dir url "][" title "]]\n") u1))))
(beginning-of-buffer)
(while
(re-search-forward "^.*<script.*src=\"\\([^\"]+\\)\"" nil t)
(when (match-string 0)
(setq url (match-string 1) )
(setq u2 (cons (concat "[[file:" project-dir url "][" url "]]\n") u2))))
(beginning-of-buffer)
(progn
(with-current-buffer "BPM.org"
(insert "** File: ")
;; (org-insert-link &optional COMPLETE-FILE LINK-LOCATION DEFAULT-DESCRIPTION)
(insert fname)
(insert "\n*** HREF Links (by name)\n")
(mapcar 'insert u1)
(insert "\n*** SCRIPT Links\n")
(mapcar 'insert u2)
(insert "\n*** CSS Links\n")
(mapcar 'insert u3)
(insert "\n\n"))
(switch-to-buffer "BPM.org")
(org-mode)))
(defun px-bpm ()
;; (defun px-bpm (prj-root)
"List all links"
(interactive)
;; (interactive "sEnter project root directory ")
(progn
(with-current-buffer (get-buffer-create "BPM.org")
(insert "* File dependencies\n\n"))
;; (mapcar 'px-bpm-parse '(
;; "/var/www/html/microlabel.git/add.php"
;; ))
(mapcar 'px-bpm-parse (directory-files "/var/www/html/microlabel.git/" nil "\\.php$"))
))
When you evaluate a form and see a result of the form (x y z ...), it's just printed in that way because the output is long. The result is actually the list that you'd expect. For instance,
(list 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13)
;=> (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ...)
Yet, the last element of the list is what it should be:
(last (list 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13))
;=> (13)
Since (directory-files "/path/" nil "\\.php$") returns a list and the second argument to mapcar should be a list, you can make it the second argument:
(mapcar 'my-concat-function (directory-files "/path/" nil "\\.php$"))

Switch between frames by number or letter

I'd like to create a function that offers me numbered or lettered choices (1, 2, 3, or a, b, c) of available frames to switch to, instead of manually typing the name. Aspell would be the closest example I can think of.
Could someone please share an example of how this might be done? Lines 6 to 14 of the following function creates a list of all available frame names on the fly. Additional functions related to frame switching can be found here
(defun switch-frame (frame-to)
(interactive (list (read-string (format "From: (%s) => To: %s. Select: "
;; From:
(frame-parameter nil 'name)
;; To:
(mapcar
(lambda (frame) "print frame"
(reduce 'concat
(mapcar (lambda (s) (format "%s" s))
(list "|" (frame-parameter frame 'name) "|" )
)
)
)
(frame-list) )
)))) ;; end of interactive statement
(setq frame-from (frame-parameter nil 'name))
(let ((frames (frame-list)))
(catch 'break
(while frames
(let ((frame (car frames)))
(if (equal (frame-parameter frame 'name) frame-to)
(throw 'break (select-frame-set-input-focus frame))
(setq frames (cdr frames)))))) )
(message "Switched -- From: \"%s\" To: \"%s\"." frame-from frame-to) )
EDIT (November 13, 2014):  Here is a revised function using ido-completing-read:
(defun ido-switch-frame ()
(interactive)
(when (not (minibufferp))
(let* (
(frames (frame-list))
(frame-to (ido-completing-read "Select Frame: "
(mapcar (lambda (frame) (frame-parameter frame 'name)) frames))))
(catch 'break
(while frames
(let ((frame (car frames)))
(if (equal (frame-parameter frame 'name) frame-to)
(throw 'break (select-frame-set-input-focus frame))
(setq frames (cdr frames)))))))))
I see what you're trying to do. Here's how I've solved this problem:
Part 1
The files that you use every day should be bookmarked.
The reason is that you loose focus when you're reading any sort of menu,
even as short as you describe. After some time with bookmarks,
it becomes like touch-typing: you select the buffer without thinking about it.
You can check out this question
to see my system.
I've got about 20 important files and buffers bookmarked and reachable
in two keystrokes, e.g. μ k for keys.el and μ h for hooks.el.
A nice bonus is that bookmark-bmenu-list shows all this stuff, so I can
add/remove bookmarks easily
rename bookmarks (renaming changes binding)
it's clickable with mouse (sometimes useful)
bookmark+ allows function bookmarks, so I've got org-agenda on μ a
and magit on μ m.
And of course the dired bookmarks: source is on μ s and
org-files are on μ g.
Part 2
For the files that can't be bookmarked, I'm using:
(ido-mode)
(setq ido-enable-flex-matching t)
(global-set-key "η" 'ido-switch-buffer)
This is fast as well: you need one keystroke to call ido-switch-buffer
and around 2-3 letters to find the buffer you need, and RET to select.
I've also recently added this hack:
(add-hook 'ido-setup-hook
(lambda()
(define-key ido-buffer-completion-map "η" 'ido-next-match)))
With this you can use the same key to call ido-switch-buffer and cycle the selection.
Part 3
The actual function with lettered choices has been on my todo list for a while
now. I'll post back here when I get around to implementing it,
or maybe just copy the solution from a different answer:)
This answer describes Icicles command icicle-select-frame, which lets you choose frames by name using completion.
There is also Icicles command icicle-other-window-or-frame (C-x o), which combines commands icicle-select-frame, other-frame, and other-window. It lets you select a window or a frame, by its name or by order.
With no prefix arg or a non-zero numeric prefix arg:
If the selected frame has multiple windows then this is
other-window. Otherwise, it is other-frame.
With a zero prefix arg (e.g. C-0):
If the selected frame has multiple windows then this is
icicle-select-window with windows in the frame as candidates.
Otherwise (single-window frame), this is icicle-select-frame.
With plain C-u:
If the selected frame has multiple windows then this is
icicle-select-window with windows from all visible frames as
candidates. Otherwise, this is icicle-select-frame.
Depending upon the operating system, it may be necessary to use (select-frame-set-input-focus chosen-frame) instead of select-frame / raise-frame towards the end of the function.
(defface frame-number-face
'((t (:background "black" :foreground "red" )))
"Face for `frame-number-face`."
:group 'frame-fn)
(defface frame-name-face
'((t ( :background "black" :foreground "ForestGreen")))
"Face for `frame-name-face`."
:group 'frame-fn)
(defun select-frame-number ()
"Select a frame by number -- a maximum of 9 frames are supported."
(interactive)
(let* (
choice
chosen-frame
(n 0)
(frame-list (frame-list))
(total-frames (safe-length frame-list))
(frame-name-list
(mapcar
(lambda (frame) (cons frame (frame-parameter frame 'name)))
frame-list))
(frame-name-list-sorted
(sort
frame-name-list
#'(lambda (x y) (string< (cdr x) (cdr y)))))
(frame-number-list
(mapcar
(lambda (frame)
(setq n (1+ n))
(cons n (cdr frame)))
frame-name-list-sorted))
(pretty-list
(mapconcat 'identity
(mapcar
(lambda (x) (concat
"["
(propertize (format "%s" (car x)) 'face 'frame-number-face)
"] "
(propertize (format "%s" (cdr x)) 'face 'frame-name-face)))
frame-number-list)
" | ")) )
(message "%s" pretty-list)
(setq choice (read-char-exclusive))
(cond
((eq choice ?1)
(setq choice 1))
((eq choice ?2)
(setq choice 2))
((eq choice ?3)
(setq choice 3))
((eq choice ?4)
(setq choice 4))
((eq choice ?5)
(setq choice 5))
((eq choice ?6)
(setq choice 6))
((eq choice ?7)
(setq choice 7))
((eq choice ?8)
(setq choice 8))
((eq choice ?9)
(setq choice 9))
(t
(setq choice 10)))
(setq chosen-frame (car (nth (1- choice) frame-name-list-sorted)))
(when (> choice total-frames)
(let* (
(debug-on-quit nil)
(quit-message
(format "You must select a number between 1 and %s." total-frames)))
(signal 'quit `(,quit-message ))))
(select-frame chosen-frame)
(raise-frame chosen-frame)
chosen-frame))

Do some arithmetics with results of regexp searches in elisp

Some time ago #Oleg Pavliv explained in https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/47615/emacs-simple-arithmetics-in-query-replace how to do simple arithmetics in query replace (interactively) in emacs.
Now I want to use the same method for a small elisp program but it doesn't work. Consider for example the following minimal example of elisp code:
(defun Nshift ()
(interactive)
(query-replace-regexp "\\([0-9]+\\)\\.Number" "\\,((+ 3 \\#1)).Number")
)
Now suppose I run Nshift in a buffer which contains for example the string 4.Number then I get the following error message.
match-substitute-replacement: Invalid use of `\' in replacement text
How would a correct elisp implementation of Nshift look like?
Edit:
I don't see how Seans answer generalizes with easy and readable syntax to more complicated replacements (which I need in my application), so for example what would be the correct (and easy to read) equivalent to
(query-replace-regexp "\\([0-9]+\\)\\.Number.\\([0-9]+\\)" "\\,((+ 3 \\#1)).Number.\\,((+ 8 \\#2))")
Like this:
(defun Nshift ()
(interactive)
(while (search-forward-regexp "\\([0-9]+\\)\\.Number" nil t)
(replace-match (format "%s.Number" (+ 3 (string-to-number (match-string 1)))))))
EDITED TO ADD:
Your expanded example could be implemented in this way:
(defun Nshift ()
(interactive)
(while (search-forward-regexp "\\([0-9]+\\)\\.Number\\.\\([0-9]+\\)" nil t)
(replace-match
(number-to-string (+ 3 (string-to-number (match-string 1))))
nil nil nil 1)
(replace-match
(number-to-string (+ 8 (string-to-number (match-string 2))))
nil nil nil 2)))
It's actually even easier than my original solution, because I forgot that replace-match has an optional fifth argument that causes it to replace just a single subexpression, and saves you from having to duplicate the fixed text (".Number.") in the replacement text.
There's some refactoring that could be done here:
(defun increment-match-string (match-index increment)
(replace-match
(number-to-string (+ increment (string-to-number (match-string match-index))))
nil nil nil match-index))
Then Nshift could be implemented like so:
(defun Nshift ()
(interactive)
(while (search-forward-regexp "\\([0-9]+\\)\\.Number\\.\\([0-9]+\\)" nil t)
(increment-match-string 1 3)
(increment-match-string 2 8)))

In elisp, how to evaluate a string of "var=value\n..." into lisp variables of the same name?

An mplayer tool (midentify) outputs "shell-ready" lines intended to be evaluated by a bash/sh/whatever interpreter.
How can I assign these var-names to their corresponding values as elisp var-names in emacs?
The data is in a string (via shell-command-to-string)
Here is the data
ID_AUDIO_ID=0
ID_FILENAME=/home/axiom/abc.wav
ID_DEMUXER=audio
ID_AUDIO_FORMAT=1
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=0
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_LENGTH=3207.00
ID_SEEKABLE=1
ID_CHAPTERS=0
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=32000
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_AUDIO_CODEC=pcm
ID_EXIT=EOF
Here's a routine that takes a string containing midentify output, and returns an association list of the key-value pairs (which is safer than setting Emacs variables willy-nilly). It also has the advantage that it parses numeric values into actual numbers:
(require 'cl) ; for "loop"
(defun midentify-output-to-alist (str)
(setq str (replace-regexp-in-string "\n+" "\n" str))
(setq str (replace-regexp-in-string "\n+\\'" "" str))
(loop for index = 0 then (match-end 0)
while (string-match "^\\(?:\\([A-Z_]+\\)=\\(?:\\([0-9]+\\(?:\\.[0-9]+\\)?\\)\\|\\(.*\\)\\)\\|\\(.*\\)\\)\n?" str index)
if (match-string 4 str)
do (error "Invalid line: %s" (match-string 4 str))
collect (cons (match-string 1 str)
(if (match-string 2 str)
(string-to-number (match-string 2 str))
(match-string 3 str)))))
You'd use this function like so:
(setq alist (midentify-output-to-alist my-output))
(if (assoc "ID_LENGTH" alist)
(setq id-length (cdr (assoc "ID_LENGTH" alist)))
(error "Didn't find an ID_LENGTH!"))
EDIT: Modified function to handle blank lines and trailing newlines correctly.
The regexp is indeed a beast; Emacs regexps are not known for their easiness on the eyes. To break it down a bit:
The outermost pattern is ^(?:valid-line)|(.*). It tries to match a valid line, or else matches the entire line (the .*) in match-group 4. If (match-group 4 str) is not nil, that indicates that an invalid line was encountered, and an error is raised.
valid-line is (word)=(?:(number)|(.*)). If this matches, then the name part of the name-value pair is in match-string 1, and if the rest of the line matches a number, then the number is in match-string 2, otherwise the entire rest of the line is in match-string 3.
There's probably a better way but this should do it:
(require 'cl)
(let ((s "ID_AUDIO_ID=0
ID_FILENAME=/home/axiom/abc.wav
ID_DEMUXER=audio
ID_AUDIO_FORMAT=1
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=0
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_LENGTH=3207.00
ID_SEEKABLE=1
ID_CHAPTERS=0
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=32000
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_AUDIO_CODEC=pcm
ID_EXIT=EOF"))
(loop for p in (split-string s "\n")
do
(let* ((elements (split-string p "="))
(key (elt elements 0))
(value (elt elements 1)))
(set (intern key) value))))
Here's a function you can run on the output buffer:
(defun set-variables-from-shell-assignments ()
(goto-char (point-min))
(while (< (point) (point-max))
(and (looking-at "\\([A-Z_]+\\)=\\(.*\\)$")
(set (intern (match-string 1)) (match-string 2)))
(forward-line 1)))
I don't think regexp is what really need. You need to split your string by \n and =, so you just say exactly the same to interpreter.
I think you can also use intern to get symbol from string(and set variables). I use it for the first time, so comment here if i am wrong. Anyways, if list is what you want, just remove top-level mapcar.
(defun set=(str)
(mapcar (lambda(arg)
(set
(intern (car arg))
(cadr arg)))
(mapcar (lambda(arg)
(split-string arg "=" t))
(split-string
str
"\n" t))))
(set=
"ID_AUDIO_ID=0
ID_FILENAME=/home/axiom/abc.wav
ID_DEMUXER=audio
ID_AUDIO_FORMAT=1
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=0
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_LENGTH=3207.00
ID_SEEKABLE=1
ID_CHAPTERS=0
ID_AUDIO_BITRATE=512000
ID_AUDIO_RATE=32000
ID_AUDIO_NCH=1
ID_AUDIO_CODEC=pcm
ID_EXIT=EOF")