I started using org-mode to write mathematical papers so I make a heavy use of latex environments such as proof, theorem, lemma, etc. For example I often write
\begin{proof}
a very long proof follows
\end{proof}
The problem is that in org-mode the fill-paragraph (or M-q) doesn't work inside latex environments. This complicates my life because some proofs can be very long, reaching several pages when compiled to pdf, and I am unable to efficiently format them in org-mode. I couldn't find any information in the manual on options controlling paragraph filling. Is it possible to enable fill-paragraph in this case?
The problem disappears if you use an org block instead of a latex environment:
#+BEGIN_proof
...
#+END_proof
This gets exported as \begin{proof}...\end{proof}. It also lets you use org syntax inside the block, and fill paragraph works.
if you don't want to do that, maybe try visual-line-mode as a workaround.
Edit: change fill-paragraph behaviour
If you want fill paragraph to work in latex environments, you have to dig a little deeper. Filling is done by org-fill-paragraph in org.el and this function ignores latex environments by default. To change this, go to the end of the function and replace
;; Ignore every other element.
(otherwise t)
with
(latex-environment nil) ;; use default fill-paragraph
;; Ignore every other element.
(otherwise t)
If you'd rather not change the org sources, you could use advice instead, e.g.
(defun org-fill-paragraph--latex-environment (&rest args)
"Use default fill-paragraph in latex environments."
(not (eql (org-element-type (org-element-context)) 'latex-environment)))
(advice-add 'org-fill-paragraph :before-while #'org-fill-paragraph--latex-environment)
I have a command that you could bind to M-q in Org:
(defun leuven-good-old-fill-paragraph ()
(interactive)
(let ((fill-paragraph-function nil)
(adaptive-fill-function nil))
(fill-paragraph)))
Though, I don't understand either why it's not enabled by default. Maybe a question for the Org ML?
Related
I have a bunch of elisp and other code with some notes i wanted to reformat to be more organized, and i found that having to type
#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp ... #+END_SRC
all the time around what i want, is taking a bit longer than expected...
So what i wanted to do instead is to wrap/or put the selected content (with C-space) and put it in a template source code block for org-mode (in my case it's mostly elisp code, but i plan to use it for other things maybe)
How could i do this in emacs or in elisp?
There is a new templating mechanism in recent Org mode (>= 9.0 IIRC) that allows you tor wrap a region in a block: after selecting the region in the usual manner, you say C-c C-, s. You still have to type the emacs-lisp part though. That's the disadvantage. The advantage is that it is general enough to allow you to wrap a region in any kind of block. In your case, I think the disadvantage outweighs the advantage, so I would go with the wrap-region method in the other answer, but this one is good to know as well.
You can try wrap-region. It will allow you to define what type of string you want to wrap around a selection.
Put this in your init.el and evaluate it.
(wrap-region-global-mode t)
(wrap-region-add-wrapper "#+BEGIN_SRC emacs-lisp\n" "#+END_SRC" "#" 'org-mode)
Then, while you are editing your org files, you can select a block of text and type #, which will wrap it with your string. You can change the # to another character that will do the wrapping.
There is a feature in org-mode to do exactly that. It's like a snippet of some sort where you enter <eland hit TAB, the < char is here to say we're gonna use a template and the el part tells which template to use. But of course, you have to configure it first.
For that, you can just add this to an org-mode file or to your init.el file :
#+begin_src emacs-lisp
;; This is needed as of Org 9.2
(require 'org-tempo)
(add-to-list `org-structure-template-alist `("sh" . "src shell"))
(add-to-list `org-structure-template-alist `("el" . "src emacs-lisp"))
(add-to-list `org-structure-template-alist `("py" . "src python"))
#+end_src
There a bunch of way to use this, it's actually more useful than just use it as a template, you can go check the documentation here.
The latex package polyglossia allows for correct typesetting of foreign languages: it provides an inline command of the form \text[foreign_language]{...}, such as \textspanish{Soy el hijo de Fernando}.
Since I use Emacs, I have to prevent auto-fill mode from breaking up those code blocks: for example, ending a line with \textspanish{Soy el, and beginning the next line with hijo de Fernando}. When auto-fill mode breaks lines in this way, the exporter gets confused.
I tried creating a function to add as hook to fill-nobreak-predicate, but my knowledge of regular expressions and elips is not good enough. This is how far I got:
(defun foreign-language-nobreak-p ()
(or (looking-at "[[[:space:]]\|[[:print:]]].*}")
(save-excursion
(skip-chars-backward " \t")
(unless (bolp)
(backward-char 1)
(looking-at ".*\\text")))))
(add-hook 'fill-nobreak-predicate #'foreign-language-nobreak-p)
Any ideas on what went wrong?
First of all, thanks for pointing out fill-nobreak-predicate. Never heard about it in my first 23 years of Emacs.
Regarding your regexp question, I'd like to mention the function regexp-opt which takes a list of strings and builds an efficient regexp that matches those strings:
(defvar foreign-lang-re
(regexp-opt
'("\\textspanish{"
"\\textrussian{"
"\\textfrench{")))
If you factor out the supported languages into yet another variable, you could also build the list of strings with a loop, adding \text and the trailing {.
If your heuristic would be stable enough that you don't want auto filling to kick in when there is just the opening command somewhere on the current line, you could use thing-at-point like so:
(defun foreign-language-nobreak-p ()
(string-match
foreign-lang-re
(thing-at-point 'line t)))
This does not work when you closed the command already with a }. For that to work better, you'd need to search backward from your current point for the optimized regexp and forward for a closing curly brace, limiting the search to (bolp) and (eolp) respectively. This would get really hairy if you start to use other commands with curly braces inside the \textspanish command, though.
Hope that makes sense and helps a bit.
In many languages, the line comment starts with a single symbol, for example # in Python and R.
I find that in Emacs, when writing such line comments, I have to repeat the comment symbol twice to make the correct indentation.
See the following example:
(setq x-select-enable-clipboard t)
;using a single comment symbol indents wrongly
;; repeating the comment symbol indents fine
(setq-default c-basic-offset 4)
With a single ; at the beginning of the line cannot get the correct indentation. How to get the correct setting? Thanks!
EDIT:
I found the solution myself. In ESS's document:
Comments are also handled specially by ESS, using an idea borrowed
from the Emacs-Lisp indentation style. By default, comments beginning
with ‘###’ are aligned to the beginning of the line. Comments
beginning with ‘##’ are aligned to the current level of indentation
for the block containing the comment. Finally, comments beginning with
‘#’ are aligned to a column on the right (the 40th column by default,
but this value is controlled by the variable comment-column,) or just
after the expression on the line containing the comment if it extends
beyond the indentation column. You turn off the default behavior by
adding the line (setq ess-fancy-comments nil) to your .emacs file.
So I put this in my .emacs:
(setq ess-fancy-comments nil) ; this is for ESS
I think for Python mode, it has a similar variable.
Your example use Emacs Lisp, in this language the standard convention is that a single ; is indented to the right, whereas two ;; is indented like code would be indented at that point. I strongly recommend that you stick to this convention, otherwise your code would stand out as being different. And three ;;; is indented to the left. Four ;;;; is left indented, and used for major sections. (See https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/elisp/Comment-Tips.html)
For Ruby, comments always indent as code, as far as I know.
The major mode should take care of this properly. If not, consider filing an enhancement request or bug report to the maintainers. Of course, "properly" might be in the eye of the beholder. You can try to make your preferences known, however. And check whether the major-mode code might already have user options for this.
Beyond that, the function that is the value of variable comment-indent-function governs this. Normally, this is set by the major mode. You can set it to any function you want (e.g. on the mode hook, so that your definition overrides the one provided by the major-mode code).
It accepts no arguments, and it returns the column you want the comment to be indented to.
Here is code that indents a comment to column 0, for example:
(defun foo () (setq comment-indent-function (lambda () 0)))
(add-hook 'SOME-MODE-HOOK 'foo 'APPEND)
For Emacs-Lisp mode, for example, you would use (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook 'foo 'APPEND).
In CEDET, the minor mode semantic-idle-summary-mode displays information about the symbol under point in the echo area. I really like this mode, as it helps me remember, for instance, which arguments the function I'm calling needs.
The problem is, it's a little buggy about displaying in the echo area. Since it automatically activates whenever there's a symbol under point, it sometimes hides useful information that is being displayed in the echo area (after all, that's the area that emacs uses to tell you stuff).
Is there a way to display the summary information somewhere else? A tooltip would be ideal, but one of the ecb frames is acceptable as well.
The first thing that comes to mind is the variable tooltip-use-echo-area which controls where / how tooltips are displayed. When set to t, all tooltips are displayed in the echo area. What is its value on your system? Maybe it would be possible to force cedet to use actual (pop-up) tooltips by setting that variable to nil.
semantic-idle-summary-mode uses the function eldoc-message and a few other eldoc queries to determine when to display messages. This means it should be pretty good at not covering up useful information.
Since eldoc is the preferred mode for providing similar summary information in Emacs Lisp buffers, the best thing would be to configure eldoc, but I didn't see a way to do it since eldoc-message appears configured to always call message.
Anyway, what that means is you can use defadvice to override eldoc-message to use a tooltip, and you will have your solution.
The below snippit is a guess at how to use defadvice, but I didn't give it a try.
(defadvice eldoc-message (around bruce-mode activate)
"Make eldoc display messages as a tooltip."
(if (some condition that means I want to use a tooltip)
(bruce-eldoc-message (ad-get-arg 0))
ad-do-it))
(require 'tooltip)
(defun bruce-eldoc-message (&rest args)
"My version of displaying a message for eldoc."
(if (null (cdr args))
;; One argument
(tooltip-show (car args))
;; Else, use format
(tooltip-show (apply 'format args)))
)
I had a similar need as you,
and I addressed it with this extension.
As you can see on this screenshot,
it shows the function arguments at the point of its invocation, without altering the echo area.
Some neat features are:
Shows you all overloaded functions, including constructors where appropriate.
Highlights in bold the current argument.
Jump to definition functionality for the current function variant.
I use Emacs for writing most of my writings. I write using reStructuredText, and then transform them to LaTeX after some preprocessing since I write my citations á-la LaTeX. This is an excerpt of one of my texts (in Spanish):
En \cite[pp.~XXVIII--XXIX]{Crnkovic2002} se brindan algunos riesgos
que se pueden asumir con el desarrollo basado en componentes, los
This text is processed by some custom scripts that deals with the \cite part so rst2latex can do its job.
When I activate flyspell-mode it signals most of the citation keys as spelling errors.
How can I tell flyspell not to spellcheck things within \cite commands.
Furthermore, how can I combine rst-mode and flyspell, so that rst-mode would keep flyspell from spellchecking the following?
reST comments
reST code literal
reST directive parameters and arguments
reST raw directive contents
Any ideas?
You can set the variable ispell-parser to the value 'tex so that flyspell will ignore (la)tex sequences. To do so, you can either set it manually in each buffer like so:
M-: (setq 'ispell-parser 'tex)
or you write a little function that will do that for you. Put the following in your .emacs file:
(defun flyspell-ignore-tex ()
(interactive)
(set (make-variable-buffer-local 'ispell-parser) 'tex))
Then you can still invoke it manually, using
M-x flyspell-ignore-tex
or you could add a hook that calls that function automatically whenever you edit a file of a certain type. You would do the latter by adding the newly defined function to your auto-mode-alist. Say your filenames typically end with ".rst", then add this line to your .emacs file:
(add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.rst$" . flyspell-ignore-tex))
As for the second part of your question: making flyspell-mode ignore larger regions, such as, e.g., reST comments, is not easily achievable. It becomes clear when you think about the way flyspell works: it checks text on a word-by-word basis. For that, flyspell-word only looks at one word at a time which it sends to an ispell process running in the background. The ispell process does the dictionary lookup and returns whether or not the current word is correct. If flyspell-word had to check every single time whether or not the current word is part of a comment or other region that should not be checked, it would be rather slow, because that would include quite a bit of searching through the buffer.
Now of course, one could approach this a little bit smarter and first find the non-comment regions etc. and then do the word-by-word checking only in those parts that are outside of those regions - but unfortunately, that's not the way flyspell is implemented.
If you can do without the "fly" part, however, ispell-mode has a mechanism to customize which regions of a buffer can be skipped. This is done via the variable ispell-skip-region-alist. But although flyspell-mode works off ispell-mode, for the reasons outlined above that variable is not used by flyspell-mode.
You can also use flyspell-generic-check-word-predicate as I explained in this question at Super User.
(aspell's tex filter may do exactly what you want - but if you want a more general solution)
Although I am using the code below to persuade flyspell to not flag certain words with numbers in them,
you can use this sort of hook to match certain context.
looking-at starts at the position you want - so you may want to search backwards for start/end of whatever context you care about.
(when "another attempt to accept certain words flyspell/ispell/aspell flags as incorrect"
(defun flyspell-ignore-WordNumber99-stuff/ag (beg end info)
(save-excursion
(goto-char beg)
(cond
((or
(looking-at "\\bWord1\\b")
(looking-at "\\bWord99Foo\\b")
)
t)
(t nil)
)
)
)
)
(add-hook 'flyspell-incorrect-hook 'flyspell-ignore-WordNumber99-stuff/ag)