Matlab: indexes and associated values - matlab

First of all, my programming skills are not that great, so please bear with me.
I'm trying to script the following in Matlab, R2015a:
1) Given a certain vector (mag), calculates two notable values from the first 300 values of that vector (Am and A);
2) Gets the indexes of the value of Am, and the two indexes of the value A (the vector is symmetric, so there will be two indexes for A);
3) Gets the values (fm, f1 and f2) associated with the three previous indexes (index from Am, first A and second A respectively) from another vector (freq).
4) Finally, calculate D based on the values in 3).
So far, this is what I've got:
Am=max(mag(1:300)); %Am is the maximum value of vector mag
A=Am/2^0.5; %A is the other desired value
[~,Im] = mag(1:300,Am); %Trying to get the Am index. Error: "Indexing cannot yield multiple results." I found that this error is usual when using variables with the same name, which is not the case.
fm=freq(Im); %Value of freq associated with Am
[~,I1] = mag(1:300,A,'first'); %Index of the first value of A
f1=freq(I1) ; %Value of freq associated with the first value of A
[~,I2] = mag(1:300,A,'second'); %Index of the second value of A
f2=freq(I1); %Value of freq associated with the second value of A
D=(f2^2-f1^2)/(4*fm)
I'm having trouble getting the associated freq values from the desires values of mag.Any tips and suggestions are more than welcome.
And thank you in advance!

Here some suggestions:
%find the index of a certain value
l1=find(mag(1:300)==Am);
% find the first index
l2=find(mag(1:300)==Am, 'first');
usually, if you have a vector with indices, then you can use that to get the value of another vector, like
a=[1 3 6 8];
b=rand(10,1);
b(a) % yields the first, third, sixth and eighth value of b
Keep in mind, the index-vector needs to be integer type, else it won't work.
Can you maybe post the precise error message and maybe also an example of mag?
hope this helps

Related

'Find' function working incorrectly, have tried floating point accuracy resolution

I have vertically concatenated files from my directory into a matrix that is about 60000 x 15 in size (verified).
d=dir('*.log');
n=length(d);
data=[];
for k=1:n
data{k}=importdata(d(k).name);
end
total=[];
for k=1:n
total=[total;data{n}];
end
I am using a the following 32-iteration loop and the 'Find" function to locate row numbers where the final column is an integer corresponding to the integer iteration of the loop:
for i=1:32
v=[];
vn=[];
[v,vn]=find(abs(fix(i)-fix(total))<eps);
g=length(v)
end
I have tried to account for the floating point accuracy by using 'fix' on values of 'i' and values from matrix 'total', in addition to taking their absolute difference and checking it to be less than a tolerance of 'eps' (floating-point relative accuracy function), up to a tolerance of .99.
The 'Find' function is not working correctly. It is only working for certain integers (although it should be locating all of them (1-32)), and for the integers it does find the values are incomplete.
What is the problem here? If 'Find' is inadequate for this purpose, what is a suitable alternative?
You are getting a lot of zeros because you are looking not just at the 15th column of data but the entire data matrix so you are going to have a lot of non-integers.
Also, you're using fix on both numbers and since floating point errors can cause the number to be slightly above and below the desired integer, this will cause the ones that are below to round down an integer lower than what you'd expect. You should use round to round to the nearest integer instead.
Rather than using find to do this, I would use simple boolean logic to determine the value of the last column
for k = 1:32
% Compare column 15 to the current index
matches = abs(total(:,end) - k) < eps;
% Do stuff with these matches
g = sum(matches); % Count the matches
end
Depending on what you want to actually do with the data, you may be able to use the last column as an input to accumarray to perform an operation on each group.
As a side note, you can replace the first chunk of code with
d = dir('*.log');
data = cellfun(#importdata, {d.name}, 'UniformOutput', false);
total = cat(1, data{:});

MATLAB: Automatic assigning of matrix element indices

I am currently in the process of writing a custom function to compute the RREF of a given m x n matrix. Since I am a complete newbie to MATLAB, I thought it would be a good idea to sample the built-in rref() function.
While examining the part of code that found "the value and index of largest element in the remainder" of the leading column, I had that:
[p,k] = max(abs(A(i:m,j)))
where m is the number of rows of the matrix, and i=j=1.
I understand that max(abs(A(i:m,j))) gives you the value of the largest element in the leading column - a single scalar answer. However, I cannot understand why it manages to assign two values to [p,k], with kbeing the index number for p. could someone please be kind enough to help?
k is the position in your vector where the maximum value is.
For instance, assume we use the vector [1,2,5,2,1]. There the max value is 5. This value is at the third position in the vector. So [p,k] = max([1,2,5,2,1]);will return p=5 and k=3.
The function will assing values depending on how you call it.
p = max(...
will assign only p
[p,k] = max(...
will assign p and k.

Retrieve a specific permutation without storing all possible permutations in Matlab

I am working on 2D rectangular packing. In order to minimize the length of the infinite sheet (Width is constant) by changing the order in which parts are placed. For example, we could place 11 parts in 11! ways.
I could label those parts and save all possible permutations using perms function and run it one by one, but I need a large amount of memory even for 11 parts. I'd like to be able to do it for around 1000 parts.
Luckily, I don't need every possible sequence. I would like to index each permutation to a number. Test a random sequence and then use GA to converge the results to find the optimal sequence.
Therefore, I need a function which gives a specific permutation value when run for any number of times unlike randperm function.
For example, function(5,6) should always return say [1 4 3 2 5 6] for 6 parts. I don't need the sequences in a specific order, but the function should give the same sequence for same index. and also for some other index, the sequence should not be same as this one.
So far, I have used randperm function to generate random sequence for around 2000 iterations and finding a best sequence out of it by comparing length, but this works only for few number of parts. Also using randperm may result in repeated sequence instead of unique sequence.
Here's a picture of what I have done.
I can't save the outputs of randperm because I won't have a searchable function space. I don't want to find the length of the sheet for all sequences. I only need do it for certain sequence identified by certain index determined by genetic algorithm. If I use randperm, I won't have the sequence for all indexes (even though I only need some of them).
For example, take some function, 'y = f(x)', in the range [0,10] say. For each value of x, I get a y. Here y is my sheet length. x is the index of permutation. For any x, I find its sequence (the specific permutation) and then its corresponding sheet length. Based on the results of some random values of x, GA will generate me a new list of x to find a more optimal y.
I need a function that duplicates perms, (I guess perms are following the same order of permutations each time it is run because perms(1:4) will yield same results when run any number of times) without actually storing the values.
Is there a way to write the function? If not, then how do i solve my problem?
Edit (how i approached the problem):
In Genetic Algorithm, you need to crossover parents(permutations), But if you crossover permutations, you will get the numbers repeated. for eg:- crossing over 1 2 3 4 with 3 2 1 4 may result something like 3 2 3 4. Therefore, to avoid repetition, i thought of indexing each parent to a number and then convert the number to binary form and then crossover the binary indices to get a new binary number then convert it back to decimal and find its specific permutation. But then later on, i discovered i could just use ordered crossover of the permutations itself instead of crossing over their indices.
More details on Ordered Crossover could be found here
Below are two functions that together will generate permutations in lexographical order and return the nth permutation
For example, I can call
nth_permutation(5, [1 2 3 4])
And the output will be [1 4 2 3]
Intuitively, how long this method takes is linear in n. The size of the set doesn't matter. I benchmarked nth_permutations(n, 1:1000) averaged over 100 iterations and got the following graph
So timewise it seems okay.
function [permutation] = nth_permutation(n, set)
%%NTH_PERMUTATION Generates n permutations of set in lexographical order and
%%outputs the last one
%% set is a 1 by m matrix
set = sort(set);
permutation = set; %First permutation
for ii=2:n
permutation = next_permute(permutation);
end
end
function [p] = next_permute(p)
%Following algorithm from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation#Generation_in_lexicographic_order
%Find the largest index k such that p[k] < p[k+1]
larger = p(1:end-1) < p(2:end);
k = max(find(larger));
%If no such index exists, the permutation is the last permutation.
if isempty(k)
display('Last permutation reached');
return
end
%Find the largest index l greater than k such that p[k] < p[l].
larger = [false(1, k) p(k+1:end) > p(k)];
l = max(find(larger));
%Swap the value of p[k] with that of p[l].
p([k, l]) = p([l, k]);
%Reverse the sequence from p[k + 1] up to and including the final element p[n].
p(k+1:end) = p(end:-1:k+1);
end

Assigning the different row to another matrix after comparing two matrices

i have two matrices
r=10,000x2
q=10,000x2
i have to find out those rows of q which are one value or both values(as it is a two column matrix) different then r and allocate them in another matrix, right now i am trying this.i cannot use isequal because i want to know those rows
which are not equal this code gives me the individual elements not the complete rows different
can anyone help please
if r(:,:)~=q(:,:)
IN= find(registeredPts(:,:)~=q(:,:))
end
You can probably do this using ismember. Is this what you want? Here you get the values from q in rows that are different from r.
q=[1,2;3,4;5,6]
r=[1,2;3,5;5,6]
x = q(sum(ismember(q,r),2) < 2,:)
x =
3 4
What this do:
ismember creates an array with 1's in the positions where q == r, and 0 in the remaining positions. sum(.., 2) takes the column sum of each of these rows. If the sum is less than 2, that row is included in the new array.
Update
If the values might differ some due to floating point arithmetic, check out ismemberf from the file exchange. I haven't tested it myself, but it looks good.

MATLAB: What's [Y,I]=max(AS,[],2);?

I just started matlab and need to finish this program really fast, so I don't have time to go through all the tutorials.
can someone familiar with it please explain what the following statement is doing.
[Y,I]=max(AS,[],2);
The [] between AS and 2 is what's mostly confusing me. And is the max value getting assigned to both Y and I ?
According to the reference manual,
C = max(A,[],dim) returns the largest elements along the dimension of A specified by scalar dim. For example, max(A,[],1) produces the maximum values along the first dimension (the rows) of A.
[C,I] = max(...) finds the indices of the maximum values of A, and returns them in output vector I. If there are several identical maximum values, the index of the first one found is returned.
I think [] is there just to distinguish itself from max(A,B).
C = max(A,[],dim) returns the largest elements along the dimension of A specified by scalar dim. For example, max(A,[],1) produces the maximum values along the first dimension (the rows) of A.
Also, the [C, I] = max(...) form gives you the maximum values in C, and their indices (i.e. locations) in I.
Why don't you try an example, like this? Type it into MATLAB and see what you get. It should make things much easier to see.
m = [[1;6;2] [5;8;0] [9;3;5]]
max(m,[],2)
AS is matrix.
This will return the largest elements of AS in its 2nd dimension (i.e. its columns)
This function is taking AS and producing the maximum value along the second dimension of AS. It returns the max value 'Y' and the index of it 'I'.
note the apparent wrinkle in the matlab convention; there are a number of builtin functions which have signature like:
xs = sum(x,dim)
which works 'along' the dimension dim. max and min are the oddbal exceptions:
xm = max(x,dim); %this is probably a silent semantical error!
xm = max(x,[],dim); %this is probably what you want
I sometimes wish matlab had a binary max and a collapsing max, instead of shoving them into the same function...