I am using noble & bleno via node.js to connect to a BLE peripheral from Rasbian, yet something goes wrong and the connection can not be made. I tried multiple different BLE dongles and they all fail the same way. Currently I have a CSR 4.0 attached.
The connections works just fine when being made from OS X, iOS or Android.
Here is the HCI Dump:
2015-11-22 18:36:54.732907 < HCI Command: LE Create Connection (0x08|0x000d) plen 25
bdaddr 00:12:6F:6B:C7:32 type 0
interval 96 window 48 initiator_filter 0
own_bdaddr_type 0 min_interval 6 max_interval 12
latency 0 supervision_to 200 min_ce 4 max_ce 6
2015-11-22 18:36:54.734511 > HCI Event: Command Status (0x0f) plen 4
LE Create Connection (0x08|0x000d) status 0x0c ncmd 1
Error: Command Disallowed
Now when I try a connection via hcitool lecc or gatttool the connection is made - yet trying to write characteristic values fails with Characteristic Write Request failed: Attribute requires authentication before read/write. Is this related?
I am on Linux raspberrypi 4.1.13+ #826 PREEMPT Fri Nov 13 20:13:22 GMT 2015 armv6l GNU/Linux
Unfortunately even security-level high or medium didn't help.
The issue was, that I had a connection from a Central (RPi is Peripheral) and I wanted to connect to another Peripheral, which would put the RPi into Central mode. Apparently this doesn't work with BlueZ.
So I ended up with using 2 Bluetooth Dongles.
If you are looking for another OS: Mac OS X does support this though.
Also I was told that Bluetooth 4.1 Dongles might work with this.
Related
I'm using the Raspberry Pi 4 and trying to have an Internet access using the A9G GSM/GPRS+GPS Module.
At first I have install ppp with sudo apt-get install ppp screen elinks
I have create a file with name rnet in path /etc/ppp/peers/rnet:
# My APN internet.vodafone.gr
connect "/usr/sbin/chat -v -f /etc/chatscripts/gprs -T internet.vodafone.gr"
# Communication port:
/dev/ttyS0
# Baudrate
9600
# Assumes that your IP address is allocated dynamically by the ISP.
noipdefault
# Try to get the name server addresses from the ISP.
usepeerdns
# Use this connection as the default route to the internet.
defaultroute
# Makes PPPD "dial again" when the connection is lost.
persist
# Do not ask the remote to authenticate.
noauth
# No hardware flow control on the serial link with GSM Modem
nocrtscts
# No modem control lines with GSM Modem
local
In file gprs in path /etc/chatscripts/gprs I have add the line that need my "MY_4_DIGIT_PIN":
ABORT BUSY
ABORT VOICE
ABORT "NO CARRIER"
ABORT "NO DIALTONE"
ABORT "NO DIAL TONE"
ABORT "NO ANSWER"
ABORT "DELAYED"
ABORT "ERROR"
# cease if the modem is not attached to the network yet
ABORT "+CGATT: 0"
"" AT
TIMEOUT 12
OK ATH
OK ATE1
# +CPIN provides the SIM card PIN
OK AT+CPIN="MY_4_DIGIT_PIN"
# +CFUN may allow to configure the handset to limit operations to
# GPRS/EDGE/UMTS/etc to save power, but the arguments are not standard
# except for 1 which means "full functionality".
#OK AT+CFUN=1
OK AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","\T","",0,0
OK ATD*99#
TIMEOUT 22
CONNECT ""
So when I'am trying to starts up the rnet file:
sudo pon rnet
I get this error message in syslog (cat /var/log/syslog | grep pppd):
Oct 14 18:14:22 raspberrypi pppd[3063]: pppd 2.4.7 started by pi, uid 0
Oct 14 18:14:35 raspberrypi pppd[3063]: Connect script failed
Oct 14 18:15:06 raspberrypi pppd[3063]: Connect script failed
Oct 14 18:15:37 raspberrypi pppd[3063]: Connect script failed
...
When I am trying to run the below AT commands, the module seems to be work fine and be able to connected to network:
AT
OK
AT+CPIN?
+CPIN:READY
OK
AT+CREG?
+CREG: 1,1
OK
AT+CGATT?
+CGATT:1
OK
AT+COPS?
+COPS: 0,2,"20205"
AT+CGACT?
+CGACT: 1, 1
AT+HTTPGET="http://www.example.com/"
OK
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
...
So I can't understand if I have have writing something wrong in file rnet or is something else that I am not doing it right. If you have any idea please help me.
The problem was that my A9G Module, was not getting enough power.
Therefore, check if your A9G Module is turned on, before starting the process
and make sure that you have disabled login shell to be accessible over serial,
and also you have enabled the serial interface.
I am currently working with building a Yocto Image for the RPi3 with the SenseHat installed.
The Yocto image consist of the following layers:
meta
meta-poky
meta-oe
meta-networking
meta-python
meta-raspberrypi
meta-java
an application-specific layer.
The application-specific layer is mainly tasked with loading the following kernel-modules:
i2c-dev
fb_sys_fops
syscopyarea
sysfillrect
sysimgblt
rpisense_core
rpisense_js
rpisense_fb
It also contains openssh, psplash, gcc, make, libiio, rtimulib and some other misc. packages.
My image boots nicely without the SenseHat mounted, but the boot-process stops before reaching the UART shell when it is mounted. It stays frozen until the system is reset by the watchdog.
Following is the last part of the UART output before the system freezes.
{...}
Populating dev cache
ALSA: Restoring mixer settings...
/usr/sbin/alsactl: load_state:1735: No soundcards found...
Tue Nov 1 10:01:54 UTC 2016
INIT: Entering runlevel: 5
Configuring network interfaces... [ 5.130327] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: hardware isn't capable of remote wakeup
udhcpc (v1.24.1) started
Sending discover...
[ 6.662428] smsc95xx 1-1.1:1.0 eth0: link up, 100Mbps, full-duplex, lpa 0x4DE1
[ 6.688217] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain
Sending discover...
Sending select for 192.168.0.106...
Lease of 192.168.0.106 obtained, lease time 3600
/etc/udhcpc.d/50default: Adding DNS 192.168.0.20
/etc/udhcpc.d/50default: Adding DNS 192.168.0.40
done.
Starting system message bus: dbus.
Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd
[ 9.034713] NET: Registered protocol family 10
done.
Starting rpcbind daemon...done.
Starting advanced power management daemon: No APM support in kernel
(failed.)
Starting bluetooth
bluetoothd
Starting syslogd/klogd: done
* Starting Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Daemon: avahi-daemon
[ 9.401783] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.20
[ 9.405528] NET: Registered protocol family 31
[ 9.410088] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized
[ 9.416576] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized
[ 9.421576] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
[ 9.426747] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized
...done.
Starting Telephony daemon
[ 9.507315] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3
[ 9.512765] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast
[ 9.518098] Bluetooth: BNEP socket layer initialized
Starting Linux NFC daemon
[ 9.624816] nfc: nfc_init: NFC Core ver 0.1
[ 9.629241] NET: Registered protocol family 39
I shoould note that I have soldered three wires onto the UART pins:
RPi3 UART pins http://www.embeddedforu.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Raspberry-pi-UART-connections_thumb.png
When the system is frozen, I can still ping the device, but SSH does not work.
Any idea what might be causing this behavior?
It turned out that the problem lay within the yocto local.conf-file. The following line was set:
ENABLE_I2C = "1"
This created a second i2c-driver, which lead to one of the crashing on boot.
For any googlers out there: This flag does not need to be set. Instead make sure that the i2c-dev kernel driver is loaded at boot.
I never used the bluetooth, but it seems the system doesn't freeze, you just lose UART data when Bluetooth connects.
From here:
On the rpi3, it is normal since the BCM2837 on the Raspberry Pi3 has 2 UARTs (as did its predecessors), however to support the Bluetooth functionality the fully featured PL011 UART was moved from the header pins to the Bluetooth chip and the mini UART made available on header pins 8 & 10.
This has a number of consequences for users of the serial interface.
The /dev/ttyAMA0 previously used to access the UART now connects to Bluetooth.
I would advise you to try again having in config.txt
dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt
enable_uart=1
And if you really need bluetooth, use
dtoverlay=pi3-miniuart-bt
And for the ssh, add "openssh" in your image recipe, and dependencies to connect like wpa-supplicant (don't forget to configure it)
how can I use hfp on my ubuntu linux with iphone 5s? I have bluetoooth, all bluez packages and ofono installed.
For ofono I need a modem. From what I understood from bluetooth core, protocoll and profile specification, rfcomm and spp of bluetooth can be used to emulate a modem. How does this work with bluez? Do the bluetoothd and ofonod dbus-services already handle incoming connections to hfp oder do I have to write my own listener?
EDIT:
The program is running. I implemented it according to the test-scripts. But I am experiencing audio issues, as I don't have any sound when performing calls. The sound is not muted.
pa log (translated):
Sep 26 13:57:47 ubu2 pulseaudio[2524]: [alsa-sink-Intel ICH]
alsa-sink.c: ALSA woke us up to write new Data on the Device but there
was nothing to write! Sep 26 13:57:47 ubu2 pulseaudio[2524]:
[alsa-sink-Intel ICH] alsa-sink.c: This is most probably an Error of
the ALSA-Driver 'snd_intel8x0'. Please send this error to the
ALSA-Developers. Sep 26 13:57:47 ubu2 pulseaudio[2524]:
[alsa-sink-Intel ICH] alsa-sink.c: We have been woken up by the
POLLOUT-Set, but a following call of snd_pcm_avail() returned the
value 0 or another value smaller than min_avail.
How can I see if ALSA has encountered some errors? I found no log.
When connecting the a2dp-Profile so that my computer are the speakers of the iPhone I also have no sound.
EDIT 2:
To solve this error, this is recommended:
File: /etc/pulse/default.pa
Add tsched=0 to the following line:
load-module module-detect
from post #21 https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/374002
But it does not solve my issue. I try force-loading the also modules too.
Having ofono and bluez should be enough.
However, latest version of bluez/ofono and pulseaudio don't support HSP and HFP profiles.
Pulseaudio release notes say that only A2DP is supported with bluez5.x. If you are using
bluez4.x, ofono and pulseaudio 4.x/5.x you might still get this working without a problem.
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/PulseAudio/Notes/5.0/
ofono will treat your iPhone 5s as your modem. Once you get the iPhone paired and connected
through bluetoothctl or any alternative GUI, you could run the following ofono tests to see
if ofono picked it up right. Try running ofonod using ofonod -n -d on a terminal to monitor the debug log and probably run pulseaudio in verbose too (pulseaudio -k && pulseaudio -v)
bash$ cd */ofono-1.x/test
This directory contains sample dbus scripts to test the ofono functionalities.
bash$ ./list-modems
[ /hfp/org/bluez/hci0/dev_94_94_26_88_XX_XX ]
Type = hfp
Interfaces = org.ofono.Siri org.ofono.VoiceCallManager org.ofono.CallVolume org.ofono.Handsfree org.ofono.NetworkRegistration
Features = net
Serial = 94:94:26:88:XX:XX
Online = 1
Powered = 1
Lockdown = 0
Emergency = 0
Name = XXXXXX’s iPhone
[ org.ofono.Siri ]
EyesFreeMode = disabled
Enabled = 1
[ org.ofono.VoiceCallManager ]
EmergencyNumbers = 08 000 999 110 112 911 118 119
[ org.ofono.CallVolume ]
Muted = 0
SpeakerVolume = 50
MicrophoneVolume = 50
[ org.ofono.Handsfree ]
VoiceRecognition = 0
InbandRinging = 1
Features = three-way-calling echo-canceling-and-noise-reduction voice-recognition release-all-held release-specified-active-call private-chat create-multiparty
BatteryChargeLevel = 4
SubscriberNumbers = +XXXXXXXXXXXX
EchoCancelingNoiseReduction = 1
[ org.ofono.NetworkRegistration ]
Status = registered
Name = XXX XXXXXX
Mode = auto-only
Strength = 60
If you see output similar to above, enable the modem and try dialling using the following
command and observe ofono debug log if SCO socket is created or rejected. And, of course,
see if the audio is routed to Ubuntu.
bash$ ./enable-modem
bash$ ./dial-number +XXXXXXXXXXXX
...
Similarly, try calling up your iPhone and observe the ofono, pulseaudio logs.
bash$ ./answer-calls
Looks like folks at pulseaudio are trying to get this working with bluez5.x and ofono but
there doesn't seem to be a patch available publicly yet. The bug is being tracked here:
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73325
HFP for Linux is a Bluetooth Hands-Free Profile server.
It allows your Linux system to act as a speakerphone for your mobile phone. It aims to be a compliant Bluetooth HFP 1.5 Hands Free implementation, supporting all required commands and notifications, as well as streaming audio.
http://nohands.sourceforge.net/
I closed SWD and JTAG by acident so that I can't download new program into developboard by j-Link.Then I try using j-flash ARM to erase chip, and error comes like this:
Connecting ...
- Connecting via USB to J-Link device 0
- J-Link firmware: V1.20 (J-Link ARM V8 compiled Dec 1 2009 11:42:48)
- JTAG speed: 2000 kHz (Auto)
- Initializing CPU core (Init sequence) ...
- Executing Reset (0, 0 ms)
- Initialized successfully
- JTAG speed: 2000 kHz (Auto)
- Connected successfully
Reading entire flash chip ...
- 64 sectors, 1 range, 0x8000000 - 0x800FFFF
- ERROR: RAM check failed # address 0x20000000.
- ERROR: Write: 0x03020100 07060504
- ERROR: Read: 0xAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAA
- ERROR: (0 bytes of RAM have been checked successfully)
- ERROR: Failed to read back target memory
Disconnecting ...
- Disconnected
I don't know how to use BOOT0 and BOOT1 to get into ISP mode. BOOT0 is connected to GND.
Post some information about your environment.
Are you using IAR EWARM? If you're not, you should download the size-limited trial version. Then, load one of the basic program examples, and try to flash it to your board.
What board are you using? And what do you mean you "closed" SWD and JTAG? I'm not sure what that refers to...jumpers? options window?
Help us out here.
Gamekit applications running under 4.0 do not properly handle removing GKSession objects. Running under 3.1.3 or 3.2, if a peer disconnects and the session is cleaned up (as in Apple demos):
[gkSession disconnectFromAllPeers];
[gkSession setAvailable:NO];
[gkSession setDelegate:nil];
[gkSession setDataReceiveHandler:nil withContext:nil];
then the other peers receive state changes and a table view of peers can be updated.
In my application, one peer starts up as a server and the other starts up as a client. The client requests to connect to the server and the client's name appears in the server's list of players. If the server chooses to accept the request, the session connection is established and they can play the game. If however the client quits before the server accepts the request, the client cleans up the session (as above) and the client disappears from the server's peer list in response (when it receives a state change). This works amazingly on 3.1–3.2
When you run the same application running under 4.0 the server and client throw an error and it takes a very long time for peers to receive the state change, and when they do, the application crashes without any errors (even with NSZombieEnabled=YES in build arguments). The server never receives a "state change" message from the client. Instead, the following errors are thrown:
Thu Jul 8 23:27:26 unknown com.apple.mDNSResponder[18] <Notice>: BTLocalDeviceRemoveData: 60 byte key, 18 byte value
Thu Jul 8 23:27:26 unknown MobileBluetooth[29] <Notice>: BTLocalDeviceRemoveData - BT_ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE
Thu Jul 8 23:27:26 unknown com.apple.mDNSResponder[18] <Notice>: Call to BTLocalDeviceRemoveData failed with error 7
Thu Jul 8 23:13:39 unknown mDNSResponder[18] <Error>: external_stop_advertising_service: 18 00Z1Tud0A\\.\\.Tonberry\M-b\M^#\M^Ys\\032iPhone._1htnu3uko0uvsp._udp.local. TXT txtvers=1\M-B\M-&state=A
Thu Jul 8 23:13:39 unknown MobileBluetooth[29] <Notice>: BTLocalDeviceRemoveData - BT_ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE
With what I think is the key error:
Tue Jul 13 21:04:50 Tonberry com.apple.mDNSResponder[21] <Notice>: Call to BTDiscoveryAgentStopScan failed with error 400
Looks to me like the session is not being made unavailable (error in stopping advertising the service). The actual crash:
Thread 3 Crashed:
0 GameKitServices 0x06352f90 gckSessionChangeStateCList + 411
1 GameKitServices 0x0635b49c gckSessionRecvProc + 1474
2 libSystem.B.dylib 0x981c181d _pthread_start + 345
3 libSystem.B.dylib 0x981c16a2 thread_start + 34
I've filed a bug with my full application in progress. The app itself is done and was almost ready to submitted and runs pretty well under 3.1.3/3.2 but with the current state of Gamekit in 4.0 I can no longer submit it. Supremely disappointed and so hoping this bug report helps in the future. If anyone understands this error or what I might be doing wrong I would be supremely grateful.
Please help if you can. I'm about to throw in the towel here on this application and it's so close.
My suggestion would be to use ultimate pre-release builds of 4.1 and to report the "new" problem (either reopen the existing bug as not fixed or create a new one). That's IMHO your best bet to get the problem entirely fixed before the final release or a decent work around from Apple.
For anyone looking for help on this, I've find a workaround for the issues on 4.0.x (4.1 remedies the crashes but not the disconnect times). Just auto-accept everything. When someone requests a GameKit connection with connectToPeer:, just accept it. Don't give the user the option to select it. Disconnecting a peer from an established connection notifies the server immediately. If you leave them in just the "available" state, when they leave the connection, it will crash the server. Connect early and accept often!