I have a file with tab separated columns like this:
TR1"\t"P0C134
TR2"\t"P0C133
TR2"\t"P0C136
Now I split these into two arrays (one for each column values) then convert them into hashes but I want to remove the duplicates (here its TR2) while merging their right column values...something like this TR2=>P0C133,P0C136...how is it possible?? is there any function to do it in perl??
for($i=0;$i<=scalar#s_arr;$i++)
{
if($s_arr[$i] eq $s_arr[$i+1])
{ push(#temp,$idx_arr[$i]); }
else
{
if(#temp eq "")
{ $s_hash{$s_arr[$i]}=$idx_arr[$i]; }
else
{
$idx_str=join(",",#temp);
$s_hash{$s_arr[$i]}=$idx_str;
#temp="";
}
}
}
this is code I've written where #s_arr is storing left column values and #idx_arr is storing right column value
You can avoid using two arrays and perform what you want in one fell swoop treating the left-side value as the hash key and making it an array reference, then pushing the right-side values that correlate with that key onto that aref:
use warnings;
use strict;
use Data::Dumper;
my %hash;
while (<DATA>){
my ($key, $val) = split;
push #{ $hash{$key} }, $val;
}
print Dumper \%hash;
__DATA__
TR1 P0C134
TR2 P0C133
TR2 P0C136
Output:
$VAR1 = {
'TR1' => [
'P0C134'
],
'TR2' => [
'P0C133',
'P0C136'
]
};
If you want that same structure output use hash of hash.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
my #arr = <DATA>;
my %hash;
foreach (#arr)
{
my ($k,$v) = split(/\s+/,$_);
chomp $v;
$hash{$k}{$v}++;
}
foreach my $key1 (keys %hash)
{
print "$key1=>";
foreach my $key2 (keys $hash{$key1})
{
print "$key2,";
}
print "\n";
}
__DATA__
TR1 P0C134
TR2 P0C133
TR2 P0C136
Output is:
TR2=>P0C136,P0C133,
TR1=>P0C134,
Related
I have a hash with a certain set of data. I need to manipulate the hash values so that I can get result like below:
Expected Output:
key_1=Cell1
Val_1=C3#C4#C1#C2
Script:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict; use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
use List::Util qw /uniq/;
my %hash = (
'Cell1' => {
'A' => [ 'C1','C2','C1','C2' ],
'B' => [ 'C3','C3','C4','C4' ]
}
);
print Dumper(\%hash);
my $i = 0;
foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
++$i;
print "key_$i=$key\n";
foreach my $refs (keys %{ $hash{$key} }) {
print "Val_$i=", join('#', uniq #{$hash{$key}{$refs}})."\n";
}
}
Current Output:
key_1=Cell1
Val_1=C3#C4
Val_1=C1#C2
How can I get the expected output here?
You can use an additional array (#cells) to store the values before you print:
foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
++$i;
print "key_$i=$key\n";
my #cells;
foreach my $refs (keys %{ $hash{$key} }) {
push #cells, #{$hash{$key}{$refs}};
}
print "Val_$i=", join('#', uniq #cells)."\n";
}
Prints:
key_1=Cell1
Val_1=C3#C4#C1#C2
The order is not guaranteed since you retrieve the keys from a hash. You could use sort to make the order predicatable.
The shown code uses values for each key one at a time (for A, then for B ...) . Instead, assemble all values using map on the list of all keys
my $i = 0;
for my $key (keys %hash) {
++$i;
say "key_$i=$key";
say "Val_$i=",
join "#", uniq map { #{ $hash{$key}->{$_} } } keys %{$hash{$key}};
}
What I was trying to do was combine elements[1..3] into a single array, and then make the has out of that. Then sort by keys and print out the whole thing.
#!/usr/bin/perl
my %hash ;
while ( <> ) {
#elements = split /,/, $_;
#slice_elements = #elements[1..3] ;
if ($elements[0] ne '' ) {
$hash{ $elements[0] } = $slice_elements[0];
}
}
foreach $key (sort keys %hash ) {
print "$key; $hash{$key}\n";
}
This is what I get when I print this out -
casper_mint#casper-mint-dell /tmp $ /tmp/dke /tmp/File1.csv
060001.926941; TOT
060002.029434; RTP
060002.029568; RTP
060002.126895; UL
060002.229327; RDS/A
060002.312512; EON
060002.429382; RTP
060002.585408; BCS
060002.629333; LYG
060002.712240; HBC
This is waht I want the elements of the array - element[0] is the key and element[1..3] in the value
060001.926941,TOT,86.26,86.48
060002.029434,RTP,310.0,310.66
060002.029568,RTP,310.0,310.74
060002.126895,UL,34.06,34.14
060002.229327,RDS/A,84.47,84.72
060002.312512,EON,56.88,57.04
060002.429382,RTP,310.08,310.77
060002.585408,BCS,58.96,59.06
060002.629333,LYG,46.13,46.41
060002.712240,HBC,93.06,93.23
Always include use strict; and use warnings; at the top of EVERY perl script.
What you need is to create a new anonymous array [ ] as the value to your hash. Then join the values when displaying the results:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my %hash;
while (<>) {
chomp;
my #elements = split /,/, $_;
if ($elements[0] ne '' ) {
$hash{ $elements[0] } = [#elements[1..3]];
}
}
foreach my $key (sort keys %hash ) {
print join(',', $key, #{$hash{$key}}) . "\n";
}
Of course, if your data really is fixed width like that, and you're not actually doing anything with the values, there actually is no need to split and join. The following would do the same thing:
use strict;
use warnings;
print sort <>;
After working with this code, I am stuck at what I think is a simple error, yet I need outside eyes to see what is wrong.
I used unpack function to divide an array into the following.
#extract =
------MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM-M-MMMMMMMM
------SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS-S-SSSSSDTA
------TIIIIIIIIIIIIITIIIVVIIIIII-I-IIIIITTT
Apparently, after unpacking into the array, when I try to go into the while loop, #extract shows up completely empty. Any idea as to why this is happening?
print #extract; #<-----------Prints input
my $sum = 0;
my %counter = ();
while (my $column = #extract) {
print #extract; #<------- This extract is completely empty. Should be input
for (my $aa = (split ('', $column))){
$counter{$aa}++;
delete $counter{'-'}; # Don't count -
}
# Sort keys by count descending
my #keys = (sort {$counter{$b} <=> $counter{$a}} keys %counter) [0]; #gives highest letter
for my $key (#keys) {
$sum += $counter{$key};
print OUTPUT "$key $counter{$key} ";
Each line is an array element correct? I don't see in your code where you are checking the individual characters.
Assuming the input that you have shown is a 3 element array containing the line as a string:
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
my #entries;
while(my $line = shift(#extract)){
my %hash;
for my $char(split('', $line)){
if($char =~ /[a-zA-Z]/) { $hash{$char}++ }
}
my $high;
for my $key (keys %hash) {
if(!defined($high)){ $high = $key }
elsif($hash{$high} < $hash{$key}){
$high = $key
}
}
push #entries, {$high => $hash{$high}};
}
Note this empties #extract, if you don't want to do that you'd have to use a for loop like below
for my $i (0 .. $#extract){
#my %hash etc...
}
EDIT:
Changed it so that only the highest number is actually kept
An approach using reduce from List::Util.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use List::Util 'reduce';
my #extract = qw/
------MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM-M-MMMMMMMM
------SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS-S-SSSSSDTA
------TIIIIIIIIIIIIITIIIVVIIIIII-I-IIIIITTT
/;
for (#extract) {
my %count;
tr/a-zA-Z//cd;
for (split //) {
$count{$_}++;
}
my $max = reduce { $count{$a} > $count{$b} ? $a : $b } keys %count;
print "$max $count{$max}\n";
}
I have an array of elements combined with # which I wish to put in hash , first element of that array as key and rest as value after splitting of that array elements by #
But it is not happening.
Ex:
my #arr = qw(9093#AT#BP 8111#BR 7456#VD#AP 7786#WS#ER 9431#BP ) #thousand of data
What I want is
$hash{9093} = [AT,AP];
$hash{8111} = [BR]; and so on
How we can accomplish it using map function. Otherwise I need to use for loop but I wish to use map function.
my %hash = map { my ($k, #v) = split /#/; $k => \#v } #arr;
For comparison, the corresponding foreach loop follows:
my %hash;
for (#arr) {
my ($k, #v) = split /#/;
$hash{$k} = \#v;
}
Use split to split on '#', taking the first chunk as the key, and keeping the rest in an array. Then create a hash using the keys and references to the arrays.
use Data::Dumper;
my #arr = qw( 9093#AT#BP 8111#BR 7456#VD#AP 7786#WS#ER 9431#BP );
my %hash = map {
my ($key, #vals) = split '#', $_;
$key => \#vals;
} #arr;
print Dumper \%hash;
No effort shown in your question, but I am on a code freeze so I'll bite :)
A think that a for loop would be more idiomatic Perl here, process the elements one-by-one, split on # and then assign into your hash:
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my #arr = qw(9093#AT#BP 8111#BR 7456#VD#AP 7786#WS#ER 9431#BP );
my %h;
for my $elem ( #arr ) {
my ($key, #vals) = split /#/, $elem;
$h{$key} = \#vals;
}
print Dumper \%h;
That is easy:
%s = (map {split(/#/, $_, 2)} #arr);
Testing it:
$ cat 1.pl
my #arr = qw(9093#AT#BP 8111#BR 7456#VD#AP 7786#WS#ER 9431#BP );
%s = (map {split(/#/, $_, 2)} #arr);
foreach my $key ( keys %s )
{
print "key: $key, value: $s{$key}\n";
}
$ perl 1.pl
key: 7456, value: VD#AP
key: 8111, value: BR
key: 7786, value: WS#ER
key: 9431, value: BP
key: 9093, value: AT#BP
use strict;
use warnings;
use Data::Dumper;
my #arr = ('9093#AT#BP', '8111#BR', '7456#VD#AP', '7786#WS#ER', '9431#BP' );
my %h = map { map { splice(#$_, 0, 1), $_ } [ split /#/ ] } #arr;
print Dumper \%h;
How can I print only the first key and element of my hash?
I have already a sorted hash, but I want to print only the first key and respective value
thanks,
Thanks to all of you at the end I push the keys and the values to two different #array and print element 0 of each array and it works :)
Hashes have unordered keys. So, there is no such key as a first key in a hash.
However, if you need the key that sorts first (for maximum key value):
my %hash = (
'foo' => 'bar',
'qux' => 'baz',
);
my ($key) = sort { $b cmp $a } keys %hash;
print "$key => $hash{$key}"; # Outputs: qux => baz
Remember to use <=> instead of cmp for numerical sorting.
In perl hashes there is no ordering for keys. Use sort function to get the keys in the order that you want or you can push the keys into an array as you create the hash and your first key will be in zero th index in the array
You can use the below code, i am assuming hash name is my_hash and keys and values are numbers. If you have strings, you can use cmp instead of <=>. Refer to the sort documentation for more details
Get the max key
foreach (sort {$b <=> $a} keys %my_hash) {
print "Keys is $_\n";
print "Value is $my_hash{$_}\n";
last;
}
Get the key corresponding to the max value
foreach (sort {$my_hash{$b} <=> $my_hash{$a}} keys %my_hash) {
print "Keys is $_\n";
print "Value is $my_hash{$_}\n";
last;
}
foreach my $key (sort keys(%hash)) {
print "$key" . "$hash{$key}" . "\n";
last;
}
For large hashes, if you do not need the sorted keys for any other reason, it might be better to avoid sorting.
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict; use warnings;
my %hash = map { $_ => rand(10_000) } 'aa' .. 'zz';
my ($argmax, $max) = each %hash;
keys %hash; # reset iterator
while (my ($k, $v) = each %hash) {
if ($v >= $max) {
$max = $v;
$argmax = $k;
}
}
print "$argmax => $max\n";
If you are intent on sorting, you only need the key with the maximum value, not the entire arrays of keys and values:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict; use warnings;
my %hash = map { $_ => rand(10_000) } 'aa' .. 'zz';
my ($argmax) = sort { $hash{$b} <=> $hash{$a} } keys %hash;
print "$argmax => $hash{$argmax}\n";
Just as Alan wrote - hashes don't have specific order, but you can sort hash keys:
foreach my $key (sort keys(%hash)) {
print $key . ': ' . $hash{$key} . "\n";
}
or, as you wish, get first element from keys array:
my #keys = keys(%hash);
print $keys[0];