UART loopback test using HAL for STM32L0 - stm32

Question

I am new to MCU programming. I'd like to test UART loopback (mirror) using HAL. IAR project was generated by CubeMX for STM32L071RZT6. This code is in the main eternal loop:
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, str1, 5, 1000);
HAL_UART_Receive(&huart2, str2, 5, 1000);
I get only the 1st element filled in str2 (null-terminated string). How can I fix it?
/* USART2 init function */
static void MX_USART2_UART_Init(void)
{
huart2.Instance = USART2;
huart2.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart2.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart2.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart2.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart2.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart2.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart2.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
huart2.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
huart2.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart2) != HAL_OK)
{
_Error_Handler(__FILE__, __LINE__);
}
}

Answer 1

You can't send & receive at the same time. HAL_UART_Transmit is a blocking function, so when the function returns the data has been sent. When you call HAL_UART_Receive the data has been received. You should do something like that:
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart2, str2, 5);
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart2, str1, 5, 1000);
You can do it by interrupt or by DMA, but you should start receive before send.