What does ~ ‘^[0-9]+$’ mean in PostgreSQL - postgresql

I’m trying to understand what ~ '^[0-9]+$' means. Would it be any integer that contains 0-9? Or doesn’t contain 0-9?
Is the ~ equivalent to LIKE in MS SQL?

Looking at https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.6/static/functions-matching.html#FUNCTIONS-POSIX-TABLE, you will find, that ~ means:
"Matches regular expression, case sensitive"
'^[0-9]+$' is a regular expression, with:
^: from string start
$: til string end
[0-9]+: one or more digits.
I don't know how you define integer, but e.g. '0000' is matched as well.
SqlServer does not support complete regular expression syntax out of the box and like does not handle regular expressions in PostgreSQL as well, therefore it is not equivalent to ~.

Related

Can I write a PCRE conditional that only needs the no-match part?

I am trying to create a regular expression to determine if a string contains a number for an SQL statement. If the value is numeric, then I want to add 1 to it. If the number is not numeric, I want to return a 1. More or less. Here is the SQL:
SELECT
field,
CASE
WHEN regexp_like(field, '^ *\d*\.?\d* *$') THEN dec(field) + 1
ELSE 1
END nextnumber
FROM mytable
This actually works, and returns something like this:
INVALID 1
00000 1
00001E 1
00379 380
00013 14
99904 99905
But to push the envelope of understanding, what if I wanted to cover negative numbers, or those with a positive sign. The sign would have to immediately precede or follow the number, but not both, and I would not want to allow white space between the sign and the number.
I came up with a conditional expression with a capture group to capture the sign on the front of the number to determine if a sign was allowed on the end, but it seems a little awkward to handle given I don't really need a yes-pattern.
Here is the modified regex: ^ ([+-]?)*\d*\.?\d*(?(1) *|[+-]? *)$
This works at regex101.com, but in order for it to work I need to have something before the pipe, so I have to duplicate the next pattern in both the yes-pattern and the no-pattern.
All that background for this question: How can I avoid that duplication?
EDIT: DB2 for i uses International Components for Unicode to provide regular expression processing. It turns out that this library does not support conditionals like PRCE, so I changed the tags on this question. The answer given by Wiktor Stribiżew provides a working alternative to the conditional by using a negative lookahead.
You do not have to duplicate the end pattern, just move it outside the conditional:
^ *([+-])?\d*\.?\d*(?(1)|[+-]?) *$
See the regex demo. So, the yes-part is empty, and the no-part has an optional pattern.
You may also solve it with a mere negative lookahead:
^ *([+-](?!.*[-+]))?\d*\.?\d*[+-]? *$
See another regex demo. Here, ([+-](?!.*[-+]))? matches (optionally) a + or - that are not followed with any 0+ char followed with another + or -.

db2 remove all non-alphanumeric, including non-printable, and special characters

This may sound like a duplicate, but existing solutions does not work.
I need to remove all non-alphanumerics from a varchar field. I'm using the following but it doesn't work in all cases (it works with diamond questionmark characters):
select TRANSLATE(FIELDNAME, '?',
TRANSLATE(FIELDNAME , '', 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'))
from TABLENAME
What it's doing is the inner translate parse all non-alphanumeric characters, then the outer translate replace them all with a '?'. This seems to work for replacement character�. However, it throws The second, third or fourth argument of the TRANSLATE scalar function is incorrect. which is expected according to IBM:
The TRANSLATE scalar function does not allow replacement of a character by another character which is encoded using a different number of bytes. The second and third arguments of the TRANSLATE scalar function must end with correctly formed characters.
Is there anyway to get around this?
Edit: #Paul Vernon's solution seems to be working:
· 6005308 ??6005308
–6009908 ?6009908
–6011177 ?6011177
��6011183�� ??6011183??
Try regexp_replace(c,'[^\w\d]','') or regexp_replace(c,'[^a-zA-Z\d]','')
E.g.
select regexp_replace(c,'[^a-zA-Z\d]','') from table(values('AB_- C$£abc�$123£')) t(c)
which returns
1
---------
ABCabc123
BTW Note that the allowed regular expression patterns are listed on this page Regular expression control characters
Outside of a set, the following must be preceded with a backslash to be treated as a literal
* ? + [ ( ) { } ^ $ | \ . /
Inside a set, the follow must be preceded with a backslash to be treated as a literal
Characters that must be quoted to be treated as literals are [ ] \
Characters that might need to be quoted, depending on the context are - &

How to keep the upper case and lower case letters in a column alias in the results in Redshift

In Redshift we are trying to give more meaningful aliases to the columns we are returning from the queries as we are importing the results into TABLEAU, the issue is that RedShift turns all the letter to lower case ones, i.e. from "Event Date" it then returns "event date", any idea on how to work this one out to keep the alias given?
I know I'm a bit late to the party but for anyone else looking, you can enable case sensitivity, so if you want to return a column with camel casing for example
SET enable_case_sensitive_identifier TO true;
Then in your query wrap what you want to return the column as in double quotes
SELECT column AS "thisName"
Or as per OP's example
SELECT a.event_date AS "Event Date"
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_enable_case_sensitive_identifier.html
Edit: To have this behaviour as default for the cluster you will need to create/update a parameter group in Configurations => Workload Management. You can't change the settings for the default parameter group. Note, you will need to reboot the cluster after applying the parameter group for the changes to take effect.
No, you cannot do this in Redshift. all columns are lowercase only.
You can enforce upper case only by using
set describe_field_name_in_uppercase to on;
Also see the examples here https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_names.html you can see that the upper case characters are returned as lower case. and it says "identifiers are case-insensitive and are folded to lowercase in the database"
You can of course rename the column to include uppercase within Tableau.
I was going through AWS docs for redshift and looks like INTCAP function can solve your use case
For reference => https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_INITCAP.html
Brief description (copied)
The INITCAP function makes the first letter of each word in a string uppercase, and any subsequent letters are made (or left) lowercase. Therefore, it is important to understand which characters (other than space characters) function as word separators. A word separator character is any non-alphanumeric character, including punctuation marks, symbols, and control characters. All of the following characters are word separators:
! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / : ; < = > ? # [ \ ] ^ _ ` { | } ~
And in your case you have declared field name as event_date which will convert to Event_Date.
And next you can use REPLACE function to replace underscore '_'
For reference => https://docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift/latest/dg/r_REPLACE.html
You need to put
set describe_field_name_in_uppercase to on;
in your Tableau's Initial SQL.

list trigger no system ending with "_BI"

I want to list the trigger no system ending with "_BI" in firebird database,
but no result with this
select * from rdb$triggers
where
rdb$trigger_source is not null
and (coalesce(rdb$system_flag,0) = 0)
and (rdb$trigger_source not starting with 'CHECK' )
and (rdb$trigger_name like '%BI')
but with this syntaxs it gives me a "_bi" and "_BI0U" and "_BI0U" ending result
and (rdb$trigger_name like '%BI%')
but with this syntaxs it gives me null result
and (rdb$trigger_name like '%#_BI')
thank you beforehand
The problem is that the Firebird system tables use CHAR(31) for object names, this means that they are padded with spaces up to the declared length. As a result, use of like '%BI') will not yield results, unless BI are the 30th and 31st character.
There are several solutions
For example you can trim the name before checking
trim(rdb$trigger_name) like '%BI'
or you can require that the name is followed by at least one space
rdb$trigger_name || ' ' like '%BI %'
On a related note, if you want to check if your trigger name ends in _BI, then you should also include the underscore in your condition. And as an underscore in like is a single character matcher, you need to escape it:
trim(rdb$trigger_name) like '%\_BI' escape '\'
Alternatively you could also try to use a regular expressions, as you won't need to trim or otherwise mangle the lefthand side of the expression:
rdb$trigger_name similar to '%\_BI[[:SPACE:]]*' escape '\'

PostgreSQL - how to check if my data contains a backslash

SELECT count(*) FROM table WHERE column ilike '%/%';
gives me the number of values containing "/"
How to do the same for "\"?
SELECT count(*)
FROM table
WHERE column ILIKE '%\\\\%';
Excerpt from the docs:
Note that the backslash already has a special meaning in string literals, so to write a pattern constant that contains a backslash you must write two backslashes in an SQL statement (assuming escape string syntax is used, see Section 4.1.2.1). Thus, writing a pattern that actually matches a literal backslash means writing four backslashes in the statement. You can avoid this by selecting a different escape character with ESCAPE; then a backslash is not special to LIKE anymore. (But it is still special to the string literal parser, so you still need two of them.)
Better yet - don't use like, just use standard position:
select count(*) from table where 0 < position( E'\\' in column );
I found on 12.5 I did not need an escape character
# select * from t;
x
-----
a/b
c\d
(2 rows)
# select count(*) from t where 0 < position('/' in x);
count
-------
1
(1 row)
# select count(*) from t where 0 < position('\' in x);
count
-------
1
(1 row)
whereas on 9.6 I did.
Bit strange but there you go.
Usefully,
position(E'/' in x)
worked on both versions.
You need to be careful - E'//' seems to work (i.e. parses) but does not actually find a slash.
You need E'\\\\' because the argument to LIKE is a regex and regex escape char is already \ (e.g ~ E'\\w' would match any string containing a printable char).
See the doc