Why do I need an extra asInstanceOf - scala

I wrote this code
listOfClassNames.map{ className =>
Try {
GuiceInjector.getInstance(Class.forName(className)).asInstanceOf[BaseClass]
} recover {
case _ => Option.empty[(String, BaseClass)]
} match {
case Success(bc) => Some((className, bc))
case _ => Option.empty[(String, BaseClass)]
}
}
The above code throws an error
type mismatch;
[error] found : List[Option[(String, Object)]]
[error] required: List[Option[(String, BaseClass)]]
Now if I change the code to
listOfClassNames.map{ className =>
Try {
GuiceInjector.getInstance(Class.forName(className)).asInstanceOf[BaseClass]
} recover {
case _ => Option.empty[(String, BaseClass)]
} match {
case Success(bc) => Some((className, bc.asInstanceOf[BaseClass]))
case _ => Option.empty[(String, BaseClass)]
}
}
Now it works. but according to me the second asInstanceOf is unnecessary because the first object itself was typecast. no?

You have to remove the call to recover. It's not needed anyway, because you process the error case inside match, but it messes up the types and correctness of your code.
Consider the types: Try { /* ... */.asInstanceOf[BaseClass] }
has type Try[BaseClass].
Then Try { /* ... */ } recover { case _ => Option.empty[(String, BaseClass)] } is a Try of the common supertype of BaseClass and Option[(String, BaseClass)], so it's Try[AnyRef].
Thus inside the match in case Success(bc) => this bc has type AnyRef, and at runtime it can be either an instance of BaseClass or None. If the original fetch of BaseClass from Guice fails, this bc is None, and you get a ClassCastException with the additional isInstanceOf.

Related

Pattern matching on a list of generics

I have a class which contains a sequence of a generic type like:
sealed trait Interface {}
case class Imp1() extends Interface {}
case class Imp2() extends Interface {}
case class Wrapper[+I <: Interface](interface: I) {}
case class WrapperList(list: Seq[Wrapper[Interface]]) {
...
}
In the WrapperList I want to be able to iterate through the Sequence of wrappers and pattern match on each ones type, eg.
def getImp1s(remaining: Seq[Wrapper[Interface]] = list): Seq[Wrapper[Imp1]] = {
if (remaining.length == 0) Seq()
else remaining.head match {
case wrapper: Wrapper[Imp1] => get(remaining.tail) :+ wrapper
case _ => get(remaining.tail)
}
}
As you can probably guess I'm running into
non-variable type argument Playground.Imp1 in type pattern Playground.Wrapper[Playground.Imp1] is unchecked since it is eliminated by erasure
To overcome this I was under the impression I could use TypeTags or ClassTags to preserve the type, something like:
case class Wrapper[+I <: Interface](interface: I)(implicit tag: TypeTag[I]) {}
However this doesn't seem to work, I still get the same warning. Could someone explain how I can match using the TypeTag? I'd rather avoid creating concrete versions of my generic class which extend a generic abstract class, but do understand that this is maybe the easiest solution.
Thanks for your help :)
Try
import shapeless.TypeCase
val `Wrapper[Imp1]` = TypeCase[Wrapper[Imp1]]
def getImp1s(remaining: Seq[Wrapper[Interface]]): Seq[Wrapper[Imp1]] = {
if (remaining.isEmpty) Seq()
else remaining.head match {
case `Wrapper[Imp1]`(wrapper) => getImp1s(remaining.tail) :+ wrapper
case _ => getImp1s(remaining.tail)
}
}
getImp1s(Seq(Wrapper(Imp1()), Wrapper(Imp2()), Wrapper(new Interface {})))
// List(Wrapper(Imp1()))
getImp1s(Seq(Wrapper(Imp2()), Wrapper(Imp1()), Wrapper(new Interface {})))
// List(Wrapper(Imp1()))
The same can be achieved without Shapeless with custom extractor
object `Wrapper[Imp1]` {
def unapply(arg: Any): Option[Wrapper[Imp1]] = arg match {
case Wrapper(Imp1()) => Some(Wrapper(Imp1()))
case _ => None
}
}
or directly
def getImp1s(remaining: Seq[Wrapper[Interface]]): Seq[Wrapper[Imp1]] = {
if (remaining.isEmpty) Seq()
else remaining.head match {
case Wrapper(Imp1()) => getImp1s(remaining.tail) :+ Wrapper(Imp1())
case _ => getImp1s(remaining.tail)
}
}
or
def getImp1s(remaining: Seq[Wrapper[Interface]]): Seq[Wrapper[Imp1]] = {
if (remaining.isEmpty) Seq()
else remaining.head match {
case Wrapper(_: Imp1) => getImp1s(remaining.tail) :+ Wrapper(Imp1())
case _ => getImp1s(remaining.tail)
}
}

Generic Try[T] function

I want to refactor some common error handling logic in a generic Try[T] handler, similar to this:
def handler[T](t: Try[T], successFunc: T => Unit) = {
t.map {
case Success(res) => { // type mismatch required T, found Any (in successFunc line)
//case Success(res: T) => { // Type abstract type pattern T is unchecked since it is eliminated by erasure
successFunc(res)
}
case Failure(e: CustomException) => {
// custom actions
}
case Failure(e) => {
// custom actions
}
}
}
Seems I can't match against the type T because of type erasure. But I can't pass an Any to successFunc.
How can I implement this function?
Mapping on a try applies a function to the value held by a success of that try, what you have there is not a Success or a Failure, it's a T, what you want is a match:
def handler[T](t: Try[T], successFunc: T => Unit) = {
t match {
case Success(res) =>
successFunc(res)
case Failure(e: FileNotFoundException) =>
case Failure(e) =>
}
}
The usage in your case of map would be:
t.map(someT => successFunc(someT))

Elegant Handling of Scala Future[Either]]

I have a type whose shape is like this:
val myType: Future[Either[MyError, TypeA]] = // some value
I know that I could pattern match on this and get to the Right or Left type, but the problem is that I would have to nest my pattern matching logic. I'm looking for much more elegant way of handling this? Any suggestions?
If you encode your MyError as an exception, you don't need the Either anymore and can simply patternMatch against the completion, or use a recoverWith to map it to another type:
myType.onComplete {
case Success(t) =>
case Failure(e) =>
}
To map your existing Either types you could do something like this:
case class MyException(e: MyError) extends Exception
def eitherToException[A](f: Future[Either[MyError,A]]): Future[A] = {
f.flatMap {
case Left(e) => Future.failed(MyException(e))
case Right(x) => Future.successful(x)
}
}
val myType2 = eitherToException(myType)
Alternatively, if MyError and TypeA are under your control, you could create a common super type and pattern match against that:
sealed trait MyResult
final case class MyError() extends MyResult
final case class TypeA() extends MyResult
myType.map {
case MyError() => ...
case TypeA() => ...
}
You can create custom extractor objects:
object FullSuccess {
def unapply[T](x: Try[Either[MyError, T]]) = x match {
case Success(Right(x)) => Some(x)
case _ => None
}
}
object PartSuccess {
def unapply[T](x: Try[Either[MyError, T]]) = x match {
case Success(Left(err)) => Some(err)
case _ => None
}
}
And
val myType: Future[Either[MyError, TypeA]] = // some value
myType.onComplete {
case FullSuccess(x) => ... // equivalent to case Success(Right(x))
case PartSuccess(x) => ... // equivalent to case Success(Left(x))
case Failure(e) => ...
}

How to pattern-match Class[X] for different X?

I want to check the type of the parameters of a method, but I don't know the best way to do this. See my code:
class X {
def x(a: Int, b: String) {}
}
val methods = classOf[X].getDeclaredMethods
methods map { m =>
m.getParameterTypes.toList map { t =>
println(t.getName)
// I don't know how to write the following
if ( the type of t is Int) { do something}
else if( the type of t is String ) { do something}
else { }
}
}
Please note the comment in the code. I don't know how to check the types in scala way.
I've tried:
t match {
case _:String => println("### is a string")
case _:Int => println("### is an int")
case _ => println("### ?")
}
But it can't be compiled.
I can use java-way to check:
if (t.isAssignableFrom(classOf[String])) // do something
else if(t.isAssignableFrom(classOf[Int])) // do something
else {}
It seems we should use it in scala, right?
UPDATE:
If I want to use match, I should write like this:
t match {
case i if i.isAssignableFrom(classOf[Int]) => println("### is an Int")
case s if s.isAssignableFrom(classOf[String]) => println("### is a String")
case _ => println("###?")
}
Is it the best answer?
I could make it work with t as a type by defining the cases as constants. It wouldn't compile with the class literals as the case expression. Try:
val S = classOf[String]
val I = classOf[Int]
t match {
case S => println("### is a string")
case I => println("### is an int")
case _ => println("### ?")
}
You can use ClassManifest.fromClass to correctly handle the coercion of primitives to AnyVals, and any other such troubles you might have encountering boxed vs unboxed types when getting funky with reflection.
Like this:
import reflect.ClassManifest
class Wibble { def method(a:Int, b: String) = () }
for(method <- classOf[Wibble].getDeclaredMethods; paramType <- method.getParameterTypes) {
ClassManifest.fromClass(paramType) match {
case m if m <:< ClassManifest.Int => println("Interiffic")
case m if m <:< ClassManifest.Float => println("Floaty, like butterflies")
case m if m <:< ClassManifest.Double => println("Or Quits...")
//todo: all the other AnyVal types...
case m if m <:< classManifest[String] => println("bleeding edge physics, yeah baby!")
//...and a default condition
}
}

Can I use a class variable in a Scala match statement?

Say I have something like this:
obj match {
case objTypeOne : TypeOne => Some(objTypeOne)
case objTypeTwo : TypeTwo => Some(objTypeTwo)
case _ => None
}
Now I want to generalise, to pass in one of the types to match:
obj match {
case objTypeOne : clazz => Some(objTypeOne)
case objTypeTwo : TypeTwo => Some(objTypeTwo)
case _ => None
}
But this isn't allowed, I think for syntactic rather than semantic reasons (although I guess also that even though the clazz is a Class[C] the type is erased and so the type of the Option will be lost).
I ended up with:
if(clazzOne.isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass)) Some(clazz.cast(obj))
if(obj.isInstanceOf[TypeTwo]) Some(obj.asInstanceOf[TypeTwo])
None
I just wondered if there was a nicer way.
You could define an extractor to match your object:
class IsClass[T: Manifest] {
def unapply(any: Any): Option[T] = {
if (implicitly[Manifest[T]].erasure.isInstance(any)) {
Some(any.asInstanceOf[T])
} else {
None
}
}
}
So let's test it:
class Base { def baseMethod = () }
class Derived extends Base
val IsBase = new IsClass[Base]
def test(a:Any) = a match {
case IsBase(b) =>
println("base")
b.baseMethod
case _ => println("?")
}
test(new Base)
test(1)
You will have to define a val for your extractor, you can't inline IsBase, for example. Otherwise it would be interpreted as an extractor.
You could use pattern guards to achieve that. Try something like this:
obj match {
case objTypeTwo : TypeTwo => Some(objTypeTwo)
case objTypeOne if clazz.isAssignableFrom(objTypeOne.getClass) => Some(clazz.cast(objTypeOne))
case _ => None
}
You can use a local type alias for that:
def matcher[T](obj: Any)(implicit man: Manifest[T]) = {
val instance = man.erasure.newInstance.asInstanceOf[AnyRef]
type T = instance.type // type alias
obj match {
case objTypeOne : T => "a"
case objTypeTwo : TypeTwo => "b"
case _ => "c"
}
}
scala> matcher[TypeOne](TypeOne())
res108: java.lang.String = a
scala> matcher[TypeTwo](TypeOne())
res109: java.lang.String = c
UPDATE: Aaron Novstrup has pointed out that singleton type will only work if man.erasure.newInstance==obj (see ยง3.2.1 of the spec)