How to programmatically change the background color of the view [duplicate] - swift

Question

I am trying to change the text colour in a UITextField using the following code (RGBA value) however it just appears white, or clear, I'm not too sure as the background is white itself.
passwordTextField.textColor = UIColor(red: CGFloat(202.0), green: CGFloat(228.0), blue: CGFloat(230.0), alpha: CGFloat(100.0))
passwordTextField.returnKeyType = UIReturnKeyType.Done
passwordTextField.placeholder = "Password"
passwordTextField.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()
passwordTextField.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyle.RoundedRect
passwordTextField.font = UIFont(name: "Avenir Next", size: 14)
passwordTextField.textAlignment = NSTextAlignment.Center
passwordTextField.secureTextEntry = true

Answer 1

RGB values for UIColor are between 0 and 1 (see the documentation "specified as a value from 0.0 to 1.0")
You need to divide your numbers by 255:
passwordTextField.textColor = UIColor(red: CGFloat(202.0/255.0), green: CGFloat(228.0/255.0), blue: CGFloat(230.0/255.0), alpha: CGFloat(1.0))
Another thing, you don't need to create CGFloats:
passwordTextField.textColor = UIColor(red:202.0/255.0, green:228.0/255.0, blue:230.0/255.0, alpha:1.0)

Answer 2

Using convenience init ( code like a pro )
Step 1
extension UIColor {
convenience init(r: CGFloat, g: CGFloat, b: CGFloat) {
self.init(red: r/255, green: g/255, blue: b/255, alpha: 1)
}
}
Usage
//let color = UIColor(red: 202/255, green: 228/255, blue: 230/255, alpha: 1) ☠️
let color = UIColor(r: 202, g: 228, b: 230) // 😍

Answer 3

try this instead :
passwordTextField.textColor = UIColor(red: 0.792, green: 0.894, blue: 0.901, alpha: 1.0
Always put substituted values. 202/255 = 0.792

Answer 4

red, green, blue and alpha are supposed to be between 0.0 and 1.0.

Answer 5

As others mentioned, UIColor components are normalized in the range 0.0 ~ 1.0 (I think wide color gamuts are the exception, but haven't researched that yet).
A conveninet extension to the UIColor class will let you use values in the 0~255 range (like those obtained from various inspectors and image editing tools):
import UIKit
extension UIColor {
convenience init(
redByte red:UInt8,
greenByte green:UInt8,
blueByte blue:UInt8,
alphaByte alpha:UInt8
) {
self.init(
red: CGFloat(red )/255.0,
green: CGFloat(green)/255.0,
blue: CGFloat(blue )/255.0,
alpha: CGFloat(alpha)/255.0
)
}
}

Answer 6

UIColor convenient methods, from Integers, or from Hex.
extension UIColor {
convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int, alpha: CGFloat) {
assert(red >= 0 && red <= 255, "Invalid red component")
assert(green >= 0 && green <= 255, "Invalid green component")
assert(blue >= 0 && blue <= 255, "Invalid blue component")
self.init(red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0, green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0, blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0, alpha: alpha)
}
convenience init(rgb: Int, alpha: CGFloat = 1) {
self.init(
red: (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF,
green: (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF,
blue: rgb & 0xFF,
alpha: alpha
)
}
}