I was trying to create "consulting" waterfall chart in matlab, and I am having a really difficult time in creating it. I was expecting actually that there would be a built in way of doing that.
Given this data:
x = [5, 2, -5, 8, 2, 12];
total = [1, 0, 0 ,0 ,0, 1];
I want to make a waterfall chart.
Basically, the vector x has the values for the chart and the vector total indicates whether the corresponding column is a total column or not.
So the first column, is a 5 and is a total column. The second column is a two and it is not (so it adds up). The third column is minus five so it subtracts, and so on and so forth until the last column which is a total again. Below how the figure would look like.
1) How to get this figure?
2) How to color increases, decreases and totals with different colors?
3) How to include the connecting lines?
Method 1
Here's one possible solution using MATLAB's bar function.
Assumptions:
The total columns are always the first and last columns.
The basic idea is to use the 'Baseline' property of a Bar object, which allows a particular bar to start from a specific value. For example, bar([1,3,5], 'BaseValue', 2) produces 3 bars that start from the value 2: the first going down by 1 unit, the second going up by 1 unit, and the last going up by 3 units.
From testing on R2019b, unfortunately it appears that all Bar objects on an Axes must share the same BaseValue. Thus, for each Bar object to have its own Baseline value, each of them must be on a separate Axes object. We can workaround this by overlaying a bunch of Axes (one for each Bar) on top of each other, making all but one of them transparent. This way all bars will be visible.
Anyways, here's the function. The inputs are
ax (optional): a handle to an existing Axes object. You may want to do this if you have other things plotted already, or if you want to manually set various properties of an Axes.
y: a vector of all the incremental values. Note: the final value is NOT required, i.e. to reproduce the plot in the question, use y=[5, 2, -5, 8, 2];
The function outputs the handles to each Bar object created. You may want this to further change the EdgeColor of the Bars.
function h = wfall(ax, y)
if nargin == 1
y = ax;
ax = gca;
end
if ~strcmp(ax.NextPlot, 'add')
fprintf('hold on not set for current axes. Overriding.\n');
hold(ax, 'on');
end
y = y(:); % column vector
n = length(y);
cumy = cumsum(y);
set(ax, 'XLim', [0, n+1]+0.5, 'YLim', [min(min(cumy), 0), max(max(cumy), 0)]);
% colors:
% decrease - red - code as -1
% total - black - code as 0
% increase - blue - code as 1
set(ax, 'CLim', [-1, 1], 'ColorMap', [1 0 0; 0 0 0; 0 0 1]);
% copy a bunch of axes
for i = 1:n
ax(i+1) = copyobj(ax(1), ax(1).Parent);
end
% Make all subsequent axes invisible
% Make sure all axes will always be the same size by linking properties
set(ax(2:end), 'Color', 'none', 'XColor', 'none', 'YColor', 'none');
linkprop(ax, {'XLim', 'YLim', 'Position', 'DataAspectRatio'});
% define from/to of each bar (except 1st and last)
from = cumy(1:n-1);
to = cumy(2:n);
% color of each bar (except 1st and last)
c = double(y>0) - double(y<0);
c(1) = [];
% first total bar
h = bar(ax(1), 1, from(1), 'CData', 0, 'BaseValue', 0);
% 2nd to 2nd last bars
for i = 1:n-1
h(end+1) = bar(ax(i+1), i+1, to(i), 'CData', c(i), 'BaseValue', from(i), 'ShowBaseLine', 'off');
end
% last total bar
h(end+1) = bar(ax(1), n+1, cumy(n), 'CData', 0);
% setting FaceColor flat makes the Bars use the CData property
set(h, 'FaceColor', 'flat')
Run the code as follows to produce the following plot.
close all;
ax = gca;
h = wfall(ax, y(1:end-1));
Method 2
Here's another solution if you prefer not to stack Axes objects on top of each other.
In this case, we make an additional assumption:
The cumulative value is never negative (this would apply, for example, the cash in my pocket)
Simply, each bar we draw can be considered as one colored bar (either blue/red) that is partially covered by a shorter white bar.
function h = wfall2(ax, y)
if nargin == 1
y = ax;
ax = gca;
end
if ~strcmp(ax.NextPlot, 'add')
fprintf('hold on not set for current axes. Overriding.\n');
hold(ax, 'on');
end
y = y(:); % column vector
n = length(y);
cumy = cumsum(y);
from = cumy(1:n-1);
to = cumy(2:n);
% color values:
% 1 - blue (increase)
% 0 - white
% -1 - red (decrease)
c = double(y>0) - double(y<0);
c(1) = [];
upper = max(cumy(1:n-1), cumy(2:n));
lower = min(cumy(1:n-1), cumy(2:n));
h(1) = bar(ax, 2:n, upper, 'FaceColor', 'flat', 'CData', c);
h(2) = bar(ax, 2:n, lower, 'FaceColor', 'w');
h(3) = bar(ax, 1, cumy(1), 'FaceColor', 'k');
h(4) = bar(ax, n+1, cumy(n), 'FaceColor', 'k');
set(h, 'EdgeColor', 'none')
set(ax, 'CLim', [-1, 1], 'ColorMap', [1 0 0; 0 0 0; 0 0 1]);
Run the function as follows:
close all;
ax = gca;
h = wfall2(ax, y(1:end-1));
The resulting plot:
The result, however, is a bit ugly by my personal standards, since the white bar will partially cover the x-axis. You can fix this, however, by setting the lower YLim to a negative value, i.e. set(ax, 'YLim', [-0.5 inf])
I have 4 sets of values: y1, y2, y3, y4 and one set x. The y values are of different ranges, and I need to plot them as separate curves with separate sets of values on the y-axis.
To put it simple, I need 3 y-axes with different values (scales) for plotting on the same figure.
Any help appreciated, or tips on where to look.
This is a great chance to introduce you to the File Exchange. Though the organization of late has suffered from some very unfortunately interface design choices, it is still a great resource for pre-packaged solutions to common problems. Though many here have given you the gory details of how to achieve this (#prm!), I had a similar need a few years ago and found that addaxis worked very well. (It was a File Exchange pick of the week at one point!) It has inspired later, probably better mods. Here is some example output:
(source: mathworks.com)
I just searched for "plotyy" at File Exchange.
Though understanding what's going on in important, sometimes you just need to get things done, not do them yourself. Matlab Central is great for that.
One possibility you can try is to create 3 axes stacked one on top of the other with the 'Color' properties of the top two set to 'none' so that all the plots are visible. You would have to adjust the axes width, position, and x-axis limits so that the 3 y axes are side-by-side instead of on top of one another. You would also want to remove the x-axis tick marks and labels from 2 of the axes since they will lie on top of one another.
Here's a general implementation that computes the proper positions for the axes and offsets for the x-axis limits to keep the plots lined up properly:
%# Some sample data:
x = 0:20;
N = numel(x);
y1 = rand(1,N);
y2 = 5.*rand(1,N)+5;
y3 = 50.*rand(1,N)-50;
%# Some initial computations:
axesPosition = [110 40 200 200]; %# Axes position, in pixels
yWidth = 30; %# y axes spacing, in pixels
xLimit = [min(x) max(x)]; %# Range of x values
xOffset = -yWidth*diff(xLimit)/axesPosition(3);
%# Create the figure and axes:
figure('Units','pixels','Position',[200 200 330 260]);
h1 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','w','XColor','k','YColor','r',...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[0 1],'NextPlot','add');
h2 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition+yWidth.*[-1 0 1 0],...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor','m',...
'XLim',xLimit+[xOffset 0],'YLim',[0 10],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
h3 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition+yWidth.*[-2 0 2 0],...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor','b',...
'XLim',xLimit+[2*xOffset 0],'YLim',[-50 50],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
xlabel(h1,'time');
ylabel(h3,'values');
%# Plot the data:
plot(h1,x,y1,'r');
plot(h2,x,y2,'m');
plot(h3,x,y3,'b');
and here's the resulting figure:
I know of plotyy that allows you to have two y-axes, but no "plotyyy"!
Perhaps you can normalize the y values to have the same scale (min/max normalization, zscore standardization, etc..), then you can just easily plot them using normal plot, hold sequence.
Here's an example:
%# random data
x=1:20;
y = [randn(20,1)*1 + 0 , randn(20,1)*5 + 10 , randn(20,1)*0.3 + 50];
%# plotyy
plotyy(x,y(:,1), x,y(:,3))
%# orginial
figure
subplot(221), plot(x,y(:,1), x,y(:,2), x,y(:,3))
title('original'), legend({'y1' 'y2' 'y3'})
%# normalize: (y-min)/(max-min) ==> [0,1]
yy = bsxfun(#times, bsxfun(#minus,y,min(y)), 1./range(y));
subplot(222), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('minmax')
%# standarize: (y - mean) / std ==> N(0,1)
yy = zscore(y);
subplot(223), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('zscore')
%# softmax normalization with logistic sigmoid ==> [0,1]
yy = 1 ./ ( 1 + exp( -zscore(y) ) );
subplot(224), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('softmax')
Multi-scale plots are rare to find beyond two axes... Luckily in Matlab it is possible, but you have to fully overlap axes and play with tickmarks so as not to hide info.
Below is a nice working sample. I hope this is what you are looking for (although colors could be much nicer)!
close all
clear all
display('Generating data');
x = 0:10;
y1 = rand(1,11);
y2 = 10.*rand(1,11);
y3 = 100.*rand(1,11);
y4 = 100.*rand(1,11);
display('Plotting');
figure;
ax1 = gca;
get(ax1,'Position')
set(ax1,'XColor','k',...
'YColor','b',...
'YLim',[0,1],...
'YTick',[0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0]);
line(x, y1, 'Color', 'b', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax1)
ax2 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','left',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','r',...
'YLim',[0,10],...
'YTick',[1, 3, 5, 7, 9],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y2, 'Color', 'r', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax2)
ax3 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','right',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','g',...
'YLim',[0,100],...
'YTick',[0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y3, 'Color', 'g', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax3)
ax4 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','right',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','c',...
'YLim',[0,100],...
'YTick',[10, 30, 50, 70, 90],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y4, 'Color', 'c', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax4)
(source: pablorodriguez.info)
PLOTYY allows two different y-axes. Or you might look into LayerPlot from the File Exchange. I guess I should ask if you've considered using HOLD or just rescaling the data and using regular old plot?
OLD, not what the OP was looking for:
SUBPLOT allows you to break a figure window into multiple axes. Then if you want to have only one x-axis showing, or some other customization, you can manipulate each axis independently.
In your case there are 3 extra y axis (4 in total) and the best code that could be used to achieve what you want and deal with other cases is illustrated above:
clear
clc
x = linspace(0,1,10);
N = numel(x);
y = rand(1,N);
y_extra_1 = 5.*rand(1,N)+5;
y_extra_2 = 50.*rand(1,N)+20;
Y = [y;y_extra_1;y_extra_2];
xLimit = [min(x) max(x)];
xWidth = xLimit(2)-xLimit(1);
numberOfExtraPlots = 2;
a = 0.05;
N_ = numberOfExtraPlots+1;
for i=1:N_
L=1-(numberOfExtraPlots*a)-0.2;
axesPosition = [(0.1+(numberOfExtraPlots*a)) 0.1 L 0.8];
if(i==1)
color = [rand(1),rand(1),rand(1)];
figure('Units','pixels','Position',[200 200 1200 600])
axes('Units','normalized','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','w','XColor','k','YColor',color,...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[min(Y(i,:)) max(Y(i,:))],...
'NextPlot','add');
plot(x,Y(i,:),'Color',color);
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylab = strcat('Values of dataset 0',num2str(i));
ylabel(ylab)
numberOfExtraPlots = numberOfExtraPlots - 1;
else
color = [rand(1),rand(1),rand(1)];
axes('Units','normalized','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor',color,...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[min(Y(i,:)) max(Y(i,:))],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
V = (xWidth*a*(i-1))/L;
b=xLimit+[V 0];
x_=linspace(b(1),b(2),10);
plot(x_,Y(i,:),'Color',color);
ylab = strcat('Values of dataset 0',num2str(i));
ylabel(ylab)
numberOfExtraPlots = numberOfExtraPlots - 1;
end
end
The code above will produce something like this:
I'm using the boxplot function in MATLAB. I need to plot boxplots for 6 different datasets for 6 'XTicks' i.e each tick in the x axis should contain 6 corresponding boxes, whiskers, median lines and set of outliers within it's domain. I tried manipulating the 'XTick' property by setting offsets for each variable, but it doesn't apply for boxplot() as it would for a normal plot(). I'm also not able to add legends.
A 3 variable equivalent of my problem would like the following:
Edit:
The following is the code snippet that needs to be modified
TreadmillData = randi([20,200],69,6);
Speeds = {'1.5mph' '2.5mph' '3.5mph' '4.5mph' '5.5mph' '6.5mph'};
DeviceColors = {'r' 'g' 'c' [0.5 0 0.5] 'b' [1 0.5 0]};
Pedometer1 = TreadmillData(1:7:end,:);
Pedometer2 = TreadmillData(2:7:end,:);
Pedometer3 = TreadmillData(3:7:end,:);
Pedometer4 = TreadmillData(4:7:end,:);
Pedometer5 = TreadmillData(5:7:end,:);
Pedometer6 = TreadmillData(6:7:end,:);
GroupedData = {Pedometer1 Pedometer2 Pedometer3 Pedometer4 Pedometer5 Pedometer6};
legendEntries = {'dev1' 'dev2' 'dev3' 'dev4' 'dev5' 'dev6'};
figure;
Xt = 20:20:120;
Xt_Offset = [-15,-10,-5,5,10,15];
for i=1:6
boxplot(GroupedData{i},'Color',DeviceColors{i});
set(gca,'XTick',Xt+Xt_Offset(i));
if i==3
set(gca,'XTickLabel',Speeds);
end
hold on;
end
xlabel('Speed');ylabel('Step Count'); grid on;
legend(legendEntries);
Any help would be appreciated!
I've made some modifications to your code. I've tested this in R2014b.
TreadmillData = randi([20,200],69,6);
Speeds = {'1.5mph' '2.5mph' '3.5mph' '4.5mph' '5.5mph' '6.5mph'};
DeviceColors = {'r' 'g' 'c' [0.5 0 0.5] 'b' [1 0.5 0]};
Pedometer1 = TreadmillData(1:7:end,:);
Pedometer2 = TreadmillData(2:7:end,:);
Pedometer3 = TreadmillData(3:7:end,:);
Pedometer4 = TreadmillData(4:7:end,:);
Pedometer5 = TreadmillData(5:7:end,:);
Pedometer6 = TreadmillData(6:7:end,:);
GroupedData = {Pedometer1 Pedometer2 Pedometer3 Pedometer4 Pedometer5 Pedometer6};
legendEntries = {'dev1' 'dev2' 'dev3' 'dev4' 'dev5' 'dev6'};
N = numel(GroupedData);
delta = linspace(-.3,.3,N); %// define offsets to distinguish plots
width = .2; %// small width to avoid overlap
cmap = hsv(N); %// colormap
legWidth = 1.8; %// make room for legend
figure;
hold on;
for ii=1:N %// better not to shadow i (imaginary unit)
%if ii~=ceil(N/2)
% labels = repmat({''},1,N); %// empty labels
%else
labels = Speeds; %// center plot: use real labels
%end
boxplot(GroupedData{ii},'Color', DeviceColors{ii}, 'boxstyle','filled', ...
'position',(1:numel(labels))+delta(ii), 'widths',width, 'labels',labels)
%// plot filled boxes with specified positions, widths, labels
plot(NaN,1,'color',DeviceColors{ii}); %// dummy plot for legend
end
xlabel('Speed'); ylabel('Step Count'); grid on;
xlim([1+2*delta(1) numel(labels)+legWidth+2*delta(N)]) %// adjust x limits, with room for legend
legend(legendEntries);
Here is a solution for plotting several boxplot. You have to group all the data in a single matrix, each group being separated by a column of Nan. After that, you can simply plot a single regular boxplot with ad-hoc options such as colors and labels.
The following example uses 2 groups of 3, so 7 columns. The 4 first lines of data:
0.6993 0.0207 -0.7485 NaN 0.5836 -0.1763 -1.8468
-0.0494 -1.5411 0.8022 NaN 2.7124 -0.0636 -2.3639
0.9134 0.7106 -0.1375 NaN -0.2200 -0.2528 -0.8350
-0.5655 1.3820 0.6038 NaN -0.7563 -0.9779 0.3789
And the code:
figure('Color', 'w');
c = colormap(lines(3));
A = randn(60,7); % some data
A(:,4) = NaN; % this is the trick for boxplot
C = [c; ones(1,3); c]; % this is the trick for coloring the boxes
% regular plot
boxplot(A, 'colors', C, 'plotstyle', 'compact', ...
'labels', {'','ASIA','','','','USA',''}); % label only two categories
hold on;
for ii = 1:3
plot(NaN,1,'color', c(ii,:), 'LineWidth', 4);
end
title('BOXPLOT');
ylabel('MPG');
xlabel('ORIGIN');
legend({'SUV', 'SEDAN', 'SPORT'});
set(gca, 'XLim', [0 8], 'YLim', [-5 5]);
I am creating a 2D plot in Matlab by calling this command: imagesc(vector1, vector2, mat_weights). Then, I run the colorbar command.
I now have a smooth 2D plot, but I want to add space between the cells. Here's how I want it to look:
How do I add such spacing between the cells/boxes?
You can add spaces between patches of color using another function than imagesc. Here, scatter provides a straightforward solution when used with option 'filled' and marker 'square'.
Note that you need to transform your 2-D matrix into a vector, but you don't have to scale your data: scatter takes the min and max values from your data and assign them to the min and max colors of the colormap.
The code
% 2-D in 1-D:
Z = diag(1:10); %example of 2-D matrix to be plotted
C = reshape(Z,1,[]); %1-D transform for vector color
% input definition
sz_matrix = 10;
X = repmat( (1:sz_matrix), 1, sz_matrix);
Y = kron(1:sz_matrix,ones(1,sz_matrix));
S = 1000; % size of marker (handle spaces between patches)
%C = (X.^2 + Y.^2); % second color scheme
%plot
figure('Color', 'w', 'position', [10 10 600 400]);
scatter(X, Y, S, C, 'fill', 's');
set(gca, 'XLim', [0 11], 'YLim', [0 11]);
axis square;
colormap summer
colorbar
will give
EDIT
Here is a piece of code for a rectangular matrix. Please note the inversion of the Y axis direction so that the graphical representation matches disp(Z). To have similar (x,y) proportion in the white area separating color patches, one may try to resize manually the figure.
Z = diag(1:10); %example of 2-D matrix to be plotted
Z = Z(1:end-2,:); %trim for rectangular
% input definition
X = repmat(1:size(Z,2), 1, size(Z,1));
Y = kron(1:size(Z,1),ones(1,size(Z,2)));
C = reshape(Z',1,[]); %1-D transform for vector color
S = 1000; % size of marker (handle spaces between patches)
%plot
figure('Color', 'w');
scatter(X, Y, S, C, 'fill', 's');
set(gca, 'XLim', [0 size(Z,2)+1], 'YLim', [0 size(Z,1)+1]);
colormap jet
colorbar
set(gca, 'YDir','reverse');
The ouput: