I have 4 sets of values: y1, y2, y3, y4 and one set x. The y values are of different ranges, and I need to plot them as separate curves with separate sets of values on the y-axis.
To put it simple, I need 3 y-axes with different values (scales) for plotting on the same figure.
Any help appreciated, or tips on where to look.
This is a great chance to introduce you to the File Exchange. Though the organization of late has suffered from some very unfortunately interface design choices, it is still a great resource for pre-packaged solutions to common problems. Though many here have given you the gory details of how to achieve this (#prm!), I had a similar need a few years ago and found that addaxis worked very well. (It was a File Exchange pick of the week at one point!) It has inspired later, probably better mods. Here is some example output:
(source: mathworks.com)
I just searched for "plotyy" at File Exchange.
Though understanding what's going on in important, sometimes you just need to get things done, not do them yourself. Matlab Central is great for that.
One possibility you can try is to create 3 axes stacked one on top of the other with the 'Color' properties of the top two set to 'none' so that all the plots are visible. You would have to adjust the axes width, position, and x-axis limits so that the 3 y axes are side-by-side instead of on top of one another. You would also want to remove the x-axis tick marks and labels from 2 of the axes since they will lie on top of one another.
Here's a general implementation that computes the proper positions for the axes and offsets for the x-axis limits to keep the plots lined up properly:
%# Some sample data:
x = 0:20;
N = numel(x);
y1 = rand(1,N);
y2 = 5.*rand(1,N)+5;
y3 = 50.*rand(1,N)-50;
%# Some initial computations:
axesPosition = [110 40 200 200]; %# Axes position, in pixels
yWidth = 30; %# y axes spacing, in pixels
xLimit = [min(x) max(x)]; %# Range of x values
xOffset = -yWidth*diff(xLimit)/axesPosition(3);
%# Create the figure and axes:
figure('Units','pixels','Position',[200 200 330 260]);
h1 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','w','XColor','k','YColor','r',...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[0 1],'NextPlot','add');
h2 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition+yWidth.*[-1 0 1 0],...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor','m',...
'XLim',xLimit+[xOffset 0],'YLim',[0 10],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
h3 = axes('Units','pixels','Position',axesPosition+yWidth.*[-2 0 2 0],...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor','b',...
'XLim',xLimit+[2*xOffset 0],'YLim',[-50 50],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
xlabel(h1,'time');
ylabel(h3,'values');
%# Plot the data:
plot(h1,x,y1,'r');
plot(h2,x,y2,'m');
plot(h3,x,y3,'b');
and here's the resulting figure:
I know of plotyy that allows you to have two y-axes, but no "plotyyy"!
Perhaps you can normalize the y values to have the same scale (min/max normalization, zscore standardization, etc..), then you can just easily plot them using normal plot, hold sequence.
Here's an example:
%# random data
x=1:20;
y = [randn(20,1)*1 + 0 , randn(20,1)*5 + 10 , randn(20,1)*0.3 + 50];
%# plotyy
plotyy(x,y(:,1), x,y(:,3))
%# orginial
figure
subplot(221), plot(x,y(:,1), x,y(:,2), x,y(:,3))
title('original'), legend({'y1' 'y2' 'y3'})
%# normalize: (y-min)/(max-min) ==> [0,1]
yy = bsxfun(#times, bsxfun(#minus,y,min(y)), 1./range(y));
subplot(222), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('minmax')
%# standarize: (y - mean) / std ==> N(0,1)
yy = zscore(y);
subplot(223), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('zscore')
%# softmax normalization with logistic sigmoid ==> [0,1]
yy = 1 ./ ( 1 + exp( -zscore(y) ) );
subplot(224), plot(x,yy(:,1), x,yy(:,2), x,yy(:,3))
title('softmax')
Multi-scale plots are rare to find beyond two axes... Luckily in Matlab it is possible, but you have to fully overlap axes and play with tickmarks so as not to hide info.
Below is a nice working sample. I hope this is what you are looking for (although colors could be much nicer)!
close all
clear all
display('Generating data');
x = 0:10;
y1 = rand(1,11);
y2 = 10.*rand(1,11);
y3 = 100.*rand(1,11);
y4 = 100.*rand(1,11);
display('Plotting');
figure;
ax1 = gca;
get(ax1,'Position')
set(ax1,'XColor','k',...
'YColor','b',...
'YLim',[0,1],...
'YTick',[0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0]);
line(x, y1, 'Color', 'b', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax1)
ax2 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','left',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','r',...
'YLim',[0,10],...
'YTick',[1, 3, 5, 7, 9],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y2, 'Color', 'r', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax2)
ax3 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','right',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','g',...
'YLim',[0,100],...
'YTick',[0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y3, 'Color', 'g', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax3)
ax4 = axes('Position',get(ax1,'Position'),...
'XAxisLocation','bottom',...
'YAxisLocation','right',...
'Color','none',...
'XColor','k',...
'YColor','c',...
'YLim',[0,100],...
'YTick',[10, 30, 50, 70, 90],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[]);
line(x, y4, 'Color', 'c', 'LineStyle', '-', 'Marker', '.', 'Parent', ax4)
(source: pablorodriguez.info)
PLOTYY allows two different y-axes. Or you might look into LayerPlot from the File Exchange. I guess I should ask if you've considered using HOLD or just rescaling the data and using regular old plot?
OLD, not what the OP was looking for:
SUBPLOT allows you to break a figure window into multiple axes. Then if you want to have only one x-axis showing, or some other customization, you can manipulate each axis independently.
In your case there are 3 extra y axis (4 in total) and the best code that could be used to achieve what you want and deal with other cases is illustrated above:
clear
clc
x = linspace(0,1,10);
N = numel(x);
y = rand(1,N);
y_extra_1 = 5.*rand(1,N)+5;
y_extra_2 = 50.*rand(1,N)+20;
Y = [y;y_extra_1;y_extra_2];
xLimit = [min(x) max(x)];
xWidth = xLimit(2)-xLimit(1);
numberOfExtraPlots = 2;
a = 0.05;
N_ = numberOfExtraPlots+1;
for i=1:N_
L=1-(numberOfExtraPlots*a)-0.2;
axesPosition = [(0.1+(numberOfExtraPlots*a)) 0.1 L 0.8];
if(i==1)
color = [rand(1),rand(1),rand(1)];
figure('Units','pixels','Position',[200 200 1200 600])
axes('Units','normalized','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','w','XColor','k','YColor',color,...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[min(Y(i,:)) max(Y(i,:))],...
'NextPlot','add');
plot(x,Y(i,:),'Color',color);
xlabel('Time (s)');
ylab = strcat('Values of dataset 0',num2str(i));
ylabel(ylab)
numberOfExtraPlots = numberOfExtraPlots - 1;
else
color = [rand(1),rand(1),rand(1)];
axes('Units','normalized','Position',axesPosition,...
'Color','none','XColor','k','YColor',color,...
'XLim',xLimit,'YLim',[min(Y(i,:)) max(Y(i,:))],...
'XTick',[],'XTickLabel',[],'NextPlot','add');
V = (xWidth*a*(i-1))/L;
b=xLimit+[V 0];
x_=linspace(b(1),b(2),10);
plot(x_,Y(i,:),'Color',color);
ylab = strcat('Values of dataset 0',num2str(i));
ylabel(ylab)
numberOfExtraPlots = numberOfExtraPlots - 1;
end
end
The code above will produce something like this:
Related
I created the following 3d plot in MATLAB using the function plot3:
Now, I want to get a hatched area below the "2d sub-graphs" (i.e. below the blue and red curves). Unfortunately, I don't have any idea how to realize that.
I would appreciate it very much if somebody had an idea.
You can do this using the function fill3 and referencing this answer for the 2D case to see how you have to add points on the ends of your data vectors to "close" your filled polygons. Although creating a pattern (i.e. hatching) is difficult if not impossible, an alternative is to simply adjust the alpha transparency of the filled patch. Here's a simple example for just one patch:
x = 1:10;
y = rand(1, 10);
hFill = fill3(zeros(1, 12), x([1 1:end end]), [0 y 0], 'b', 'FaceAlpha', 0.5);
grid on
And here's the plot this makes:
You can also create multiple patches in one call to fill3. Here's an example with 4 sets of data:
nPoints = 10; % Number of data points
nPlots = 4; % Number of curves
data = rand(nPoints, nPlots); % Sample data, one curve per column
% Create data matrices:
[X, Y] = meshgrid(0:(nPlots-1), [1 1:nPoints nPoints]);
Z = [zeros(1, nPlots); data; zeros(1, nPlots)];
patchColor = [0 0.4470 0.7410]; % RGB color for patch edge and face
% Plot patches:
hFill = fill3(X, Y, Z, patchColor, 'LineWidth', 1, 'EdgeColor', patchColor, ...
'FaceAlpha', 0.5);
set(gca, 'YDir', 'reverse', 'YLim', [1 nPoints]);
grid on
And here's the plot this makes:
There are many questions already on this site for something similar:
MATLAB, Filling in the area between two sets of data, lines in one figure
MATLAB fill area between lines
However, all of the existing questions relate to two curves only. How do you fill a region bounded by several curves that overlap each other?
A crude example would be:
% Create sample data as column vectors.
x = [1 : 100]';
curve1 = x/10;
curve2 = log(x/2) + rand(length(x), 1) - 0.5;
curve3 = log(x) + rand(length(x), 1) + 0.5;
% Plot it.
plot(x, curve1, 'r', 'LineWidth', 2);
hold on;
plot(x, curve2, 'b', 'LineWidth', 2);
plot(x, curve3, 'k', 'LineWidth', 2);
For the shading:
The upper limit would be the black curve followed by the red line.
The lower limit would be the blue curve (briefly), then the red line, followed by the blue curve.
In my actual dataset I have 10 curves which require a similar thing.
If I understand you correctly, you can do this by creating a min and max vectors of the area you want to shade, and use flipud to shade the region with fill
min_data=min([curve1,curve2,curve3],[],2);
max_data=max([curve1,curve2,curve3],[],2);
fill([x;flipud(x)],[min_data;flipud(max_data)],'g')
If I understood you correctly:
basevalue = min([curve1(:) ; curve2(:) ; curve3(:)]);
h = area([curve2 , curve1-curve2 , curve3-curve1],basevalue)
h(1).FaceColor = [1 1 1];
h(2).FaceColor = [0 0.5 0.5];
h(3).FaceColor = [1 1 1];
hold on
plot(x, curve1, 'r', 'LineWidth', 2);
plot(x, curve2, 'b', 'LineWidth', 2);
plot(x, curve3, 'k', 'LineWidth', 2);
ylim([ min([curve1(:) ; curve2(:) ; curve3(:)]); max([curve1(:) ; curve2(:) ; curve3(:)])])
So you need to play with area in a way that is consistent with what you want...
I have the following figure, where I plotted two surfaces and I wanted to indicate the intersection of both of them. To do that, I did the following:
zdiff = z1-z2;
C = contours(x,y,zdiff,[0 0]);
xL = C(1, 2:end);
yL = C(2, 2:end);
zL = interp2(x, y, z1, xL, yL);
line(xL, yL, zL, 'Color', 'k', 'LineWidth', 2,'Linestyle','--'); hold on;
line(xL, yL, zeros(size(zL)), 'Color', 'k', 'LineWidth', 2); hold off;
Now, I want to plot the vertical surface between the actual intersection (dash line) and its projection over XY (solid line), but I cannot figure out how to do that. Any ideas?
Another really simple option:
dist = (diff(xL).^2+diff(yL).^2).^0.5; %distance between x,y
cdist = [0, cumsum(dist)]; %cumsum of the distance
area = trapz(cdist,zL); %The area
Why not calculating it manually?
Something like (untested):
Area = 0
for i=1:numel(xL)-1
base = sqrt( (xL(i)-xL(i+1))^2 + (yL(i)-yL(i+1))^2);
Area =Area + base * (zL(i) + zL(i+1))/2;
end;
maybe not pretty but its a oneliner it might do the trick. maybe you have to adjust the format as this code is for (1,N) vectors
xL=(1:100); %size 1 100
yL=(1:100) ;%size 1 100
zL=rand(1,100);%size 1 100
line(xL,yL,zL)
line(xL,yL,zeros(size(zL)))
hold on
surf(repmat(xL,100,1),repmat(yL,100,1),cell2mat(arrayfun(#(x,y) linspace(x,y,100)',zL,zeros(size(zL)),'UniformOutput',false)))
xL=sin((1:30)/10); % Data generation for test only. Use your data
yL=cos((1:30)/10); % Data generation for test only. Use your data
zL=2+xL.*yL; % Data generation for test only. Use your data
surf([xL;xL],[yL;yL],[zeros(size(zL));zL]); % plot the surface
I'm using Matlab to produce figures, and I'm wondering if there is a way to plot a zoomed region in a figure of the overall data?
I have scatter data plotted over one week, with the x-axis in hours, and I want to zoom into the first 3 hours, and display them within the main figure with the x-axis label of minutes.
The plotting code I have so far is as follows:
allvalsx = marabint(:,2)
allvalsy = marabint(:,5)
subvalsx = marabint(1:7,2);
subvalsy = marabint(1:7,2);
%% Plots the scatter chart.
sizemarker = 135
handle = scatter(allvalsx, allvalsy, sizemarker, '.')
figure(1)
axes('Position',[.2 .2 .2 .2])
handle2 = scatter(subvalsx, subvalsy, '.r')
title(plotTitle)
xlabel('Time since treatment (hours)')
ylabel('Contact angle (deg)')
% Axis scales x1, x2, y1, y2
axis([0, marabint(length(marabint),2) + 10, 0, 120]);
% This adds a red horizontal line indicating the untreated angle of the
% sample.
untreatedLine = line('XData', [0 marabint(length(marabint),2) + 10], 'YData', [untreatedAngle untreatedAngle], 'LineStyle', '-', ...
'LineWidth', 1, 'Color','r');
% Adding a legend to the graph
legendInfo = horzcat('Untreated angle of ', untreatedString)
hleg1 = legend(untreatedLine, legendInfo);
% This encases the plot in a box
a = gca;
% set box property to off and remove background color
set(a,'box','off','color','none')
% create new, empty axes with box but without ticks
b = axes('Position',get(a,'Position'),'box','on','xtick',[],'ytick',[]);
% set original axes as active
axes(a)
% link axes in case of zooming
linkaxes([a b])
set(gcf,'PaperUnits','inches');
set(gcf,'PaperSize', [8.267 5.25]);
set(gcf,'PaperPosition',[0 0.2625 8.267 4.75]);
set(gcf,'PaperPositionMode','Manual');
set(handle,'Marker','.');
print(gcf, '-dpdf', '-r150', horzcat('markertest4.pdf'));
This produces the following
Can anyone help me out with this?
yeah, I think I know what you need. Try this:
zoomStart = 0;
zoomStop = 3;
set(gca, 'XLim', [zoomStart zoomStop])
Let me know if that doesn't do what you need, and I'll give you a different way.
I am using this FEX entry to plot the horizontal shaded error bars for a variable plotted on the X-axis. This variable is plotted in different regions/zones and, therefore, there are 3 shaded error bars for 3 zones. I would like to combine the legends of the error bars (shaded region) as well as the mean (solid line) of any zone into a single legend represented by a solid line (or solid line inside a patch) of the same color as the zone.
THE WAY MY CODE WORKS FOR PLOTTING: A synthetic example of the way I am plotting is shown below
fh = figure();
axesh = axes('Parent', fh);
nZones = 4;
nPts = 10;
X = nan*ones(nPts, nZones);
Y = nan*ones(nPts, nZones);
XError = nan*ones(10, 4);
clr = {'r', 'b', 'g', 'm', 'y', 'c'};
for iZone = 1:nZones
X(:, iZone) = randi(10, nPts, 1);
Y(:, iZone) = randi(10, nPts, 1);
XError(:, iZone) = rand(nPts, 1);
% Append Legend Entries/Tags
if iZone == 1
TagAx = {['Zone # ', num2str(iZone)]};
else
TagAx = [TagAx, {['Zone # ', num2str(iZone)]}];
end
hold(axesh, 'on')
[hLine, hPatch] = boundedline(X(:, iZone), Y(:, iZone), XError(:, iZone),...
strcat('-', clr{iZone}), axesh, 'transparency', 0.15,...
'orientation', 'horiz');
legend(TagAx);
xlabel(axesh, 'X', 'Fontweight', 'Bold');
ylabel(axesh, 'Y', 'Fontweight', 'Bold');
title(axesh, 'Error bars in X', 'Fontweight', 'Bold');
end
THE WAY LEGENDS ARE SHOWING-UP CURRENTLY:
WHAT I HAVE TRIED:
As someone suggested in the comment section of that file's FEX page to add the following code after line 314 in boundedline code.
set(get(get(hp(iln),'Annotation'),'LegendInformation'),'IconDisplayStyle','off');
However, on doing that I get this error:
The name 'Annotation' is not an accessible property for an instance of
class 'root'.
EDIT: The first two answers suggested accessing the legend handles of the patch and line which are returned as output the by the function boundedline. I tried that but the problem is still not solved as the legend entries are still not consistent with the zones.
There is a direct general way to control legends. You can simply choose not to display line entries by fetching their 'Annotation' property and setting the 'IconDisplayStyle' to 'off'.
Also, in order to use chadsgilbert's solution, you need to collect each single patch handle from every loop iteration. I refactored your code a bit, such that it would work with both solutions.
% Refactoring you example (can be fully vectorized)
figure
axesh = axes('next','add'); % equivalent to hold on
nZones = 4;
nPts = 10;
clr = {'r', 'b', 'g', 'm', 'y', 'c'};
X = randi(10, nPts, nZones);
Y = randi(10, nPts, nZones);
XError = rand(nPts, nZones);
% Preallocate handles
hl = zeros(nZones,1);
hp = zeros(nZones,1);
% LOOP
for ii = 1:nZones
[hl(ii), hp(ii)] = boundedline(X(:, ii), Y(:, ii), XError(:, ii),...
['-', clr{ii}], 'transparency', 0.15, 'orientation', 'horiz');
end
The simplest method as shown by chadsgilbert:
% Create legend entries as a nZones x 8 char array of the format 'Zone #01',...
TagAx = reshape(sprintf('Zone #%02d',1:nZones),8,nZones)'
legend(hp,TagAx)
... or for general more complex manipulations, set the legend display properties of the graphic objects:
% Do not display lines in the legend
hAnn = cell2mat(get(hl,'Annotation'));
hLegEn = cell2mat(get(hAnn,'LegendInformation'));
set(hLegEn,'IconDisplayStyle','off')
% Add legend
legend(TagAx);
There is not an easy way to do this, You have to go into the legend and shift things up:
The following makes a sample plot where the mean lines are not superimposed on the bound patches.
N = 10;
x = 1:N;
y = sin(x);
b = ones([N,2,1]);
[hl, hp] = boundedline(x, y, b);
lh = legend('hi','');
We get a structure g associated with the legend handle lh. If you look at the types of the children, you'll see that g2 is the mean line and g4 is the patch. So I got the vertices of the patch and used it to shift the mean line up.
g = get(lh);
g2 = get(g.Children(2));
g4 = get(g.Children(4));
v = g4.Vertices;
vx = unique(v(:,1));
vy = diff(unique(v(:,2)))/2;
vy = [vy vy] + min(v(:,2));
set(g.Children(2), 'XData', vx);
set(g.Children(2), 'YData', vy);
Not a simple answer, and definitely requires you do a crazy amount of formatting for a plot with more than one mean line/patch pair, especially since it will leave gaps in your legend where the last zone's mean line was.
As per your comment, if you just want the shaded error bars to mark the legend then it's pretty easy:
x = 0:0.1:10;
N = length(x);
y1 = sin(x);
y2 = cos(x);
y3 = cos(2*x);
b1 = ones([N,2,1]);
b2 = 0.5*ones([N,2,1]);
b3 = 0.1*ones([N,2,1]);
hold on
[hl, hp] = boundedline(x, y1, b1, 'r', x, y2, b2, 'b', x, y3, b3,'c')
lh = legend('one','two','three');
That's a nice FEX entry. You can associate a specific set of handles with a legend. And luckily, boundedline already returns the handles to the lines separately from the handles to the patches.
>> [hl,hp] = boundedline([1 2 3],[4 5 6], [1 2 1],'b',[1 2 3],-[4 5 6],[2 1 1],'r');
>> %legend(hl,{'blue line' 'red line'}); % If you want narrow lines in the legend
>> legend(hp,{'blue patch' 'red patch'}); % If you want patches in the legend.