I have a string which can contain letters and/or numbers, and I want to identify if it has 10 capital letters in a row and subtract them if they exist:
Example :
my $string = "MyString-MetadataDZEDDMWKQMsomeothertext";
I want to identify that this string contains 10 capital letters one after each other (DZEDDMWKQM) and subtract them
my $final_string = "MyString-Metadatasomeothertext"
I managed only to be able to subtract a fixed amount of characters, but it was not helpful for what I need.
You want a regular expression substitution.
my $string = 'fooABCDEFGHIJbar';
$string =~ s/[A-Z]{10}//;
print $string;
The regex pattern contains two parts:
[A-Z] is a character group containing all upper case letters, from A to Z
{10} is a quantifier, meaning repeat the the previous thing exactly 10 times
You can learn more about regular expressions in Perl in perlre. The regex tag wiki is useful too.
Related
I have a file in which I want to replace the "_" string with "-" in cases where it makes up a part of my gene name. Examples of the gene names and my intended output are:
aa1c1_123 -> aa1c1-123
aa1c2_456 -> aa1c1-456
aa1c10_789 -> aa1c1-789
In essence, the first four characters are fixed, followed by 1 or 2 characters depending on the chromosome, an underscore and then the remainder of the gene ID which could vary in length and character. Important is that there are other strings in this gene information column contains other strings with underscores (e.g. "gene_id", "transcript_id", "five_prime_utr") so using sed -i.bak s/_/-/g' file.gtf
can't be done.
Perhaps not the most elegant way, but this should work:
sed -i.bak 's/\([0-9a-z]\{4\}[0-9][0-9]\?\)_/\1-/g' file.gtf
i.e. capture a group (referenced by \1 in the substitution) of 4 characters consisting of lower case letters and digits followed by exactly one digit and perhaps another digit, which is followed by an underscore; if found, replace it by the group's content and a dash. This should exclude your other occurrences consisting of only characters and an underscore.
have this input
2019-12-04T21:24:24 or 2019-12-04 21:24:24
I tried to match if "T" is present or " " is present
I see two solutions
match all between 10 and 11 lenght
match only letter and whitespace
I tried this but nothing happen
^[a-zA-Z]{10,11}$
^.{10,11}$
I think there's a misunderstanding in your regex : what you've written means "Does the input is equivalent to a succession of 10 or 11 characters?", which will always be false for a DateTime. You should select the 11th letter then check if this character matches (T|\s) (either the letter T or a space).
You want
^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}[T ][0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}$
See the regex demo.
Details:
^ - start of string
[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} - four digits, -, two digits, -, two digits
[T ] - T or a space
[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2} - two digits, :, two digits, :, two digits
$ - end of string.
just add this code to your textfield
for example:
inputFormatters: [FilteringTextInputFormatter.allow(RegExp("[ آ-ی]"))],
for space just space in your list RegExp
I am looking for a regx for below expression:
my $text = "1170 KB/s (244475 bytes in 2.204s)"; # I want to retrieve last ‘2.204’ from this String.
$text =~ m/\d+[^\d*](\d+)/; #Regexp
my $num = $1;
print " $num ";
Output:
204
But I need 2.204 as output, please correct me.
Can any one help me out?
The regex is doing exactly what you asked it to: It is matching digits \d+, followed by one non-digit or star [^\d*], followed by digits \d+. The only thing that matches that in your string is 204.
If you want a quick fix, you can just move the parentheses:
m/(\d+[^\d*]\d+)/
This would (with the above input) match what you want. A more exact way to put it would be:
m/(\d+\.\d+)/
Of course this will match any float precision number, so if you can have more of those, that's not a good idea. You can shore it up by using an anchor, like so:
m/(\d+\.\d+)s\)/
Where s\) forces the match to occur at only that place. Further strictures:
m/\(\d+\D+(\d+\.\d+)s\)/
You might also want to account for the possibility of your target number not being a float:
m/\(\d+\D+(\d+\.?\d*)s\)/
By using ? and * we allow for those parts not to match at all. This is not recommended to do unless you are using anchors. You can also replace everything in the capture group with [\d.]+.
If you are not fond of matching the parentheses, you can match the text:
m/bytes in ([\d.]+)s/
I'd go with the second marker as indicator where you are in the string:
my ($num) = ($text =~ /(\d+\.\d+)s/);
with explanations:
/( # start of matching group
\d+ # first digits
\. # a literal '.', take \D if you want non-numbers
\d+ # second digits
)/x # close the matching group and the regex
You had the matching groups wrong. Also the [^\d] is a bit excessive, generally you can negate some of the backspaced special classes (\d,\h, \s and \w) with their respective uppercase letter.
Try this regex:
$text =~ m/\d+[^\d]*(\d+\.?\d*)s/;
That should match 1+ digits, a decimal point if there is one, 0 or more decimal places, and make sure it's followed by a "s".
I am trying to use regular expressions to match against a string that starts with 7 numbers, then has a "K" inbetween it, and then 3 numbers again. For example:
1234567K890.
I currently have $_a -match '^\d{7}K\d{3}'. However, this does not work for my purposes. Does anyone have a solution?
PS C:\> "1234567K890" -match "\d{7}(k)\d{3}"
This \d{7} matches 7 digits then (k) matches letter k and \d{3} matches last three characters.
Tested this, works for your example and some others:
$string = "1234567K890"
$string -match '^[0-9]{7}(k)[0-9]{3}$'"
It matches against exactly 7 numbers, then against K (casing does not matter), then against exactly 3 numbers. The characters at the beginning and the end of the string restrict against whitespace at the beginning and end of the string -- if you want whitespace to be allowed, you can just remove them.
Here's a powershell regex reference, which may help in the future.
I've to match a regular-expression, stored in a variable:
#!/bin/env perl
use warnings;
use strict;
my $expr = qr/\s*(\w+(\[\d+\])?)\s+(\w+(\[\d+\])?)/sx;
$str = "abcd[3] xyzg[4:0]";
if ($str =~ m/$expr/) {
print "\n%%%%%%%%% $`-----$&-----$'\n";
}
else {
print "\n********* NOT MATCHED\n";
}
But I'm getting the outout in $& as
%%%%%%%%% -----abcd[3] xyzg-----[4:0]
But expecting, it shouldn't go inside the if clause.
What is intended is:
if $str = "abcd xyzg" => %%%%%%%%% -----abcd xyzg----- (CORRECT)
if $str = "abcd[2] xyzg" => %%%%%%%%% -----abcd[2] xyzg----- (CORRECT)
if $str = "abcd[2] xyzg[3] => %%%%%%%%% -----abcd[2] xyzg[3]----- (CORRECT)
if $str = "abcd[2:0] xyzg[3] => ********* NOT MATCHED (CORRECT)
if $str = "abcd[2:0] xyzg[3:0] => ********* NOT MATCHED (CORRECT)
if $str = "abcd[2] xyzg[3:0]" => ********* NOT MATCHED (CORRECT/INTENDED)
but output is %%%%%%%%% -----abcd[2] xyzg-----[3:0] (WRONG)
OR better to say this is not intended.
In this case, it should/my_expectation go to the else block.
Even I don't know, why $& take a portion of the string (abcd[2] xyzg), and $' having [3:0]?
HOW?
It should match the full, not a part like the above. If it didn't, it shouldn't go to the if clause.
Can anyone please help me to change my $expr pattern, so that I can have what is intended?
By default, Perl regexes only look for a matching substring of the given string. In order to force comparison against the entire string, you need to indicate that the regex begins at the beginning of the string and ends at the end by using ^ and $:
my $expr = qr/^\s*(\w+(\[\d+\])?)\s+(\w+(\[\d+\])?)$/;
(Also, there's no reason to have the /x modifier, as your regex doesn't include any literal whitespace or # characters, and there's no reason for the /s modifier, as you're not using ..)
EDIT: If you don't want the regex to match against the entire string, but you want it to reject anything in which the matching portion is followed by something like "[0:0]", the simplest way would be to use lookahead:
my $expr = qr/^\s*(\w+(\[\d+\])?)\s+(\w+(\[\d+\]|(?=[^[\w])|$ ))/x;
This will match anything that takes the following form:
beginning of the string (which your example in the comments seems to imply you want)
zero or more whitespace characters
one or more word characters
optional: [, one or more digits, ]
one or more whitespace characters
one or more word characters
one of the following, in descending order of preference:
[, one or more digits, ]
an empty string followed by (but not including!) a character that is neither [ nor a word character (The exclusion of word characters is to keep the regex engine from succeeding on "a[0] bc[1:2]" by only matching "a[0] b".)
end of string (A space is needed after the $ to keep it from merging with the following ) to form the name of a special variable, and this entails the reintroduction of the /x option.)
Do you have any more unstated requirements that need to be satisfied?
The short answer is your regexp is wrong.
We can't fix it for you without you explaining what you need exactly, and the community is not going to write a regexp exactly for your purpose because that's just too localized a question that only helps you this one time.
You need to ask something more general about regexps that we can explain to you, that will help you fix your regexp, and help others fix theirs.
Here's my general answer when you're having trouble testing your regexp. Use a regexp tool, like the regex buddy one.
So I'm going to give a specific answer about what you're overlooking here:
Let's make this example smaller:
Your pattern is a(bc+d)?. It will match: abcd abccd etc. While it will not match bcd nor bzd in the case of abzd it will match as matching only a because the whole group of bc+d is optional. Similarly it will match abcbcd as a dropping the whole optional group that couldn't be matched (at the second b).
Regexps will match as much of the string as they can and return a true match when they can match something and have satisfied the entire pattern. If you make something optional, they will leave it out when they have to including it only when it's present and matches.
Here's what you tried:
qr/\s*(\w+(\[\d+\])?)\s+(\w+(\[\d+\])?)/sx
First, s and x aren't needed modifiers here.
Second, this regex can match:
Any or no whitespace followed by
a word of at least one alpha character followed by
optionally a grouped square bracketed number with at least one digit (eg [0] or [9999]) followed by
at least one white space followed by
a word of at least one alpha character followed by
optionally a square bracketed number with at least one digit.
Clearly when you ask it to match abcd[0] xyzg[0:4] the colon ends the \d+ pattern but doesn't satisfy the \] so it backtracks the whole group, and then happily finds the group was optional. So by not matching the last optional group, your pattern has matched successfully.