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How to achieve code folding effects in emacs
An excellent feature of Dreamweaver is code folding of any lines of text -- recursively!
It's fantastic, I can fold any text or code, regardless of language. I work with existing systems; I don't edit well-written code or code in one language etc. mostly HTML mixed with god-knows-what. Folding lines makes understanding a lot easier and quicker. Sadly, this is the only feature I like in Dreamweaver.
Is there any code folding for Emacs in a similar aim?
There's folding mode, a minor mode. Unfortunately it's intrusive: you have to manually annotate the folds with specialized comments, which clutter the code when you aren't using the mode (or when sharing code with others who don't use it). A better mode would not change your code to work.
Let me add: there's a duplicate of this that's worth a look: How to achieve code folding effects in Emacs.
hide-show (hs-minor-mode) is a minor mode that will do something like this...
The default key-binding to trigger the folding is C-c # C-c which I find pretty cumbersome. But then I don't use it much, either.
You might want to look up the function set-selective-display and the variable selective-display. Not exactly what you want but it lets you hide lines based on indentation level.
I use fold-dwim.el. From the emacs wiki:
fold-dwim.el is a unified user interface for Emacs folding/outlining modes. It supports folding.el, hideshow.el, outline.el, TeX-fold.el, and nxml-outln.el
You can get it here:
http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/FoldDwim
I have this in my .emacs:
(require 'fold-dwim)
(global-set-key [(C kp-4)] 'fold-dwim-hide-all)
(global-set-key [(C kp-5)] 'fold-dwim-toggle)
(global-set-key [(C kp-6)] 'fold-dwim-show-all)
Keep in mind that you still need to activate hs-minor-mode, folding-mode, etc. but I find it easier to use them this way.
Something else you might look into is nxhtml-mode; it doesn't fold code, but it does highlight mixed code (i.e. HTML and PHP) differently depending on its type. That gives you a similar gain in comprehensibility without the awkwardness of folding-mode. I think that approach is more suited to Emacs anyway, first because code-folding seems like a mouse-oriented idea that doesn't adapt well to the basically keyboard-centric Emacs interface, and second because Emacs eases navigating a large file to an extent that code can stay visible without getting in your way.
If you actually need "something to hide a given region rather than it trying to understand the syntax" (unlike hideshow and other solutions based on parsing) and you "don't want to have to edit [your] code" (unlike folding), then, I assume, you mean you don't want the regions to be persistent between different editing sessions. Then you might use http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/HideRegion to hide user-selected regions...
(But that's strange. The folding minor mode with persistent marks seems to be a far more convenient solution.)
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Emacs equivalent of Vim's foldmethod = indent
JEdit has a mode (specifically, folding mode: indent, in Options) that lets you fold code blocks based purely on indentation. It does not require any additional configuration, or knowledge of the language you are using.
That is, if you have code like this:
foo
bar
blah
oof
and the cursor is on the second or third line, and you tell JEdit to fold, those two lines will be hidden.
I have read similar SO questions, but I haven't found anything in emacs that "just works", for any buffer, like JEdit's code folding does.
I have specifically tried Fold Dwim. It doesn't work for me. It folds right to the end of the buffer, for some reason, which is utterly useless.
Take a look at minor mode folding-mode
OutlineMinorMode works for me, though I've only used it with LaTeX. AFAIK it won't fold based on indentation (someone correct me if I'm wrong please) but on keywords etc that you've configured as marking a foldable section.
Edit: This looks relevant.
in gedit it's possible to define so-called "snippets" for simpler input.
For example, there is a snippet while. This means: If you type while -> (-> stands for tab key). And gedit automatically converts it to the following (including correct indentation):
while (condition){
}
In vim (in conjunction with latex-suite) I saw the following: If you type (, vim inserts just a (. If you type ( a second time, vim automatically converts it to \left( \right).
I found abbrev-mode but this mode doesn't place the cursor properly (i.e. between parentheses or inside the while loop).
I managed to create custom emacs keybindings/macros that do just the same (without having to press the tab key), so I know it's possible.
However, is there already and package where you can define such "snippets" without much effort? Or are there even any serious reasons not to use such things?
See yasnippet. It provides snippets for most major languages, and it is easy to add new ones or modify the old ones.
Yes, yasnippet is probably the way to go. But make sure you learn the major mode you're using for your editing - when writing in LaTeX, learn auctex. Major modes can contain functionality that makes some snippets pointless, and do the same thing even better. So instead of using a begin/end-snippet in a LaTeX buffer, try C-c C-e in auctex. Etc :)
Don't forget abbrev-mode.
I would like rainbow parens for editing Clojure in Emacs and since VI does this I assume that in Emacs it should be something like M-x butterfly or something :)
This is an old question now, but I recently wrote RainbowDelimiters mode for this. It's a 'rainbow parens'-type mode which colors all parens, brackets and braces, made with Clojure programming in mind.
It highlights the whole buffer, not just the parens surrounding point.
The most important thing is that it's FAST - all the other rainbow paren modes I've tried slow down editing (especially scrolling) quite a lot. I put significant effort into profiling and optimizing it so doesn't have any noticeable impact on scrolling/editing speed.
You can find info about it at the EmacsWiki page, and the mode itself is at rainbow-delimiters.el.
I'm using highlight-parentheses-mode from the script mquander mentioned. It doesn't provide much of a rainbow effect out of the box, but it is customisable:
(setq hl-paren-colors
'(;"#8f8f8f" ; this comes from Zenburn
; and I guess I'll try to make the far-outer parens look like this
"orange1" "yellow1" "greenyellow" "green1"
"springgreen1" "cyan1" "slateblue1" "magenta1" "purple"))
I believe I've lifted the actual colours from Vimclojure. Note that Vimclojure highlights all parentheses in the file, whereas with highlight-parentheses-mode only the parens which actually contain the point will be highlighted (and only a limited number of levels). I happen to find this behaviour useful, but it is perhaps a bit lacking in the prettiness area in comparison with the Vimclojure way.
I now notice I've never gotten 'round to fixing those outer paren colours actually... Maybe I will now that you've reminded me about it.
Here's a mode for that which I have used in the past briefly. Here's another one which I haven't tried.
I have tried emacs on and off for a while now and every time I start emacs, I go through the same routine. Customizing. The first one is binding return to newline-and-indent. (g)Vim does this by default. Showing matching parenthesis is also done by default on (g)Vim. It is grea that I can customize emacs to my heart's content but why doesn't emacs have nice and easy defaults? For reference, I am now using Emacs 23 on a RHEL5 box.
Probably because RMS didn't want it, that and because changing long-standing defaults is just an issue of politics. Like vi, Emacs has a hard-core following and basic changes like these are minefields.
Note: if you saved your customizations, then you wouldn't have to re-do them every time...
To have those nice and easy defaults, install Emacs Starter Kit. It enables by default a bunch of useful and convenient features make even the advanced Emacs users more productive.
Otherwise, as TJ pointed out, Emacs Customization Mode (type M-x customize) allows you to save permanently any of the settings. You can even store them in a separate file from your dotemacs―(setq custom-file "~/.emacs-custom.el")―so you can use it in every computer you work on.
The title of your question doesn't really reflect what your question is (and has been answered by Trey and Torok), but I'll tell you why I like it being bound to just newline: useless whitespace. Say you are nested inside a conditional in a function etc. and hit return a couple times to leave a blank line. The blank line now has a bunch of space chars on it. Yes, you can (and I do) remove trailing whitespace before saving, but I also have visual whitespace mode on and I can see it there taunting me.
Emacs reindents the current line whenever I type certain things, like ";" or "//". This is pretty annoying, since there are a whole lot of places where it isn't smart enough to indent correctly.
How do I disable this feature? I still want to be able to indent the line with TAB, but I don't want any source code I type to cause it to reindent.
(I'm using Dylan Moonfire's C# mode, but this probably applies to any cc-mode.)
Try running c-toggle-electric-state to turn off the electric action of these characters.
You can do this as part of a c-mode-common-hook, or toggle the state manually by hitting C-c C-l.
most likely caused by the inline-and-indent 'feature' of c-mode and derivatives. emacswiki has several solutions.