I use Emacs v. 22 (the console version, either remotely with PuTTY or locally with Konsole) as my primary text editor on Linux. It takes a while to load up each time I start it though, probably almost a second, although I never timed it. I tend to open and close Emacs a lot, because I'm more comfortable using the Bash command-line for file/directory manipulation and compiling.
How can I speed up the start-up time?
Others have covered using gnuserve and emacsclient, and I'd suggest compiling within emacs (being able to jump to compilation errors is a win).
But, specifically speeding up the .emacs can be done by:
Byte compiling the .emacs file, which you can do automatically by using this snippet of code
Replacing as many of the (require 'package) statements with autoloaded functionality. This will delay loading of lisp until it's actually required. Using this technique allowed me to speed up my startup from >6 seconds to <1. This takes a little bit of work because not all libraries come properly marked autoload.
Removing code/functionality you no longer use.
Try running emacs with the option --no-site-file to avoid loading unnecessary packages in the site installation site-start.el.
If you are really serious, you can roll your own emacs with your favorite functionality already loaded. This, of course, means it's more involved to make changes to what you have in your .emacs because it's a part of the binary. Follow the link for information on how to use dump-emacs.
Buy a faster computer and/or faster disk.
How to determine what your .emacs loads
Now, how do you find out what your .emacs loads? With the goal to remove the functionality, or to delay it? Check your *Messages* buffer, which contains lines like:
Loading /home/tjackson/.emacs.tjackson.el (source)...
Loading /home/tjackson/installed/emacs/lisp/loaddefs.el (source)...done
Loading /user/tjackson/.elisp/source/loaddefs.el (source)...done
Loading autorevert...done
Loading /home/tjackson/.emacs.tjackson.el (source)...done
If you'll notice, the Loading statements can nest: the first .emacs.tjackson.el ends with ... and the last line shows the .emacs.tjackson.el load is ...done. All those other files are loaded from inside my .emacs.tjackson.el file. All the other loads are atomic.
Note: If you have a large .emacs, it's possible that the *Messages* buffer will lose some of the messages because it only keeps a fixed amount of information. You can add this setting early on to your .emacs to keep all the messages around:
(setq message-log-max t)
Note: It the 'load command will suppress the messages if its fourth argument nomessage is non-nil, so remove any such invocations (or, advise 'load and force the fourth argument to be nil).
In addition to Adam Rosenfield's solution, I recommend to use Emacs in server mode. You may add (server-start) to your dotemacs, and run emacsclient instead of emacs whenever you want to open file in Emacs. That way you have to pay the loading cost of Emacs only once, after then clients pop up immediately.
Edit
You're right, v22 does not create a new frame. Create a shell script that do the trick:
#!/bin/bash
# Argument: filename to open in new Emacs frame
/usr/bin/emacsclient -e '(let ((default-directory "`pwd`/")) (select-frame (make-frame)) (find-file "'$1'"))'
Edit 2
In v24+, you can do emacsclient -c to create a new frame.
Don't close Emacs every time you want to use the shell. Use Ctrl-Z to move Emacs to the background and the fg command in Bash to move it back to the foreground.
A couple of tips:
Use autoloads
Using autoload saves you from loading libraries until you use them.
For example:
(if (locate-library "ediff-trees")
(autoload 'ediff-trees "ediff-trees" "Start an tree ediff" t))
Compile your .emacs
Gives you a slight speed increase although there are pitfalls if you
work with version control and your .emacs is newer than .emacs.elc.
One common trick is:
(defun autocompile nil
"compile itself if ~/.emacs"
(interactive)
(require 'bytecomp)
(let ((dotemacs (file-truename user-init-file)))
(if (string= (buffer-file-name) (file-chase-links dotemacs))
(byte-compile-file dotemacs))))
(add-hook 'after-save-hook 'autocompile)
Learn to love emacs server.
Running emacs as a server means never having to close it down. However
I note your still using emacs22. emacs23 supports multi-tty which makes
it a lot easier to run emacs in one screen session and then bring up
new windows in another terminal. I use emacs to edit mail for my mail
client (mutt) and emacsclient is fantastic for these sort of quick edits.
One of
M-x shell
M-x eshell
M-x term
M-x ansi-term
should meet your command-line needs from within Emacs.
You can also use M-! (aka M-x shell-command) to execute a one-liner without dropping to the shell.
Check your .emacs file to see if you're loading unnecessary packages. Loading packages can take a significant amount of time. For example, you might only want to load the php-mode package if you're editing a PHP file. You can do that by installing a hook procedure, although I'm not certain of the details.
Also make sure that any packages you're loading are compiled (.elc files). You can compile an elisp file by running
emacs -batch -f batch-byte-compile thefile.el
Compiled packages load much faster than uncompiled packages.
"I tend to open and close emacs a lot, because I'm more comfortable using the bash command line for file/directory manipulation and compiling."
You're describing the way an editor like vim is used like. Shoot in&out. Emacs is usually kept open, and mostly all is done from "within it". hiena already answered what would be the correct approach here.
The fastest way is to profile your .emacs. I cut down my load time from >3s to 1s in 5 minutes after I found that 4 particular lines in my .emacs were taking up more than 80% of the load time.
One thing that helped me reduce the load time of my .emacs, in addition to autoload (as others have suggested), is eval-after-load. In the following example, delaying the call to sql-set-product saves you from having to load sql in your .emacs, making the exisiting sql autoloads more effective.
(eval-after-load "sql"
'(progn
(sql-set-product 'mysql)
(setq sql-mysql-options '("-C" "-t" "-f" "-n"))
(setq sql-sqlite-program "sqlite3")
))
Of course, for some packages there will be a hook available that you can do the same thing, but sometimes there isn't, or else this way just proves easier to think about.
Emacs is designed to run "all the time" (or at least for long periods of time), thus starting and stopping Emacs several times during a day is not recommended.
I would suggest using screen. Screen is a terminal multiplexer, giving you an unlimited virtual terminals in one terminal.
After installing simply write "screen emacs" in your terminal. Emacs will start as usual, but pressing "c-a c" (that is press ctrl-a and then c) will open a new virtual terminal. You can get back to emacs by pressing "c-a c-a" (that's two times ctrl-a).
You can even detach from the running screen session, the key sequence is "c-a d".
Re-attach to the session by issuing "screen -R" and you will be back where you left. This enables you to start an emacs session at work, detach, go home, and re-attach from home.
I've been running Emacs like this for months in a row.
Here's the official web site: http://www.gnu.org/software/screen/ but try googling for screen tutorials and howtos
You can use benchmark-init to profile your Emacs startup. It will keep track of what modules are being loaded and how much time is spent on each. The results can be presented either in a tabulated form or as a tree. The tree makes it easier to track who loads what, which can be helpful when you load a package with a lot of dependencies, and the tabulated form helps you quickly find where most of the time is being spent.
Once you have these results try to figure out if all of the modules have to be loaded all the time or if you can perhaps load some of them on-demand. For instance, in my configuration I only load Emacs extensions that are specific to certain modes when that mode is actually activated since most of the time I only use a small subset of them in a session. eval-after-load and mode hooks will be your friends here.
By applying this method my Emacs starts in 3-4 seconds and I have close to 200 extensions installed. Most of the time is spent loading Helm, which I always load since it replaces find-file and other core functions that are always needed, and CEDET, since I use the latest version and it has to be loaded before Emacs tries to load the older built-in version.
Try using the https://github.com/jwiegley/use-package macro to define your package loads and customizations. It handles deferred loading of packages for you, making it relatively easy to get good startup times even in the presence of large numbers of configured packages. I have almost 100 packages referenced in my .emacs, but my startup time is under 2 seconds on Linux, and 2.2s on the Mac.
One thing that others haven't mentioned is to include the elisp libraries you use as part of the dumped Emacs to move the library loading time from Emacs startup to Emacs build. It is not for the faint-hearted, but if you load several libraries in .emacs it could win you a few seconds of startup time.
I had around 120sec start time. I was able to find the fix installing this:
https://github.com/dholm/benchmark-init-el
put on top of your init.el
(let ((benchmark-init.el "~/.emacs.d/el-get/benchmark-init/benchmark-init.el"))
(when (file-exists-p benchmark-init.el)
(load benchmark-init.el)))
then once your emacs started, run:
M-x benchmark-init/show-durations-tree
On my side the problem was 127 secs in tramp-loaddefs
I fixed it by adding
127.0.0.1 host.does.not.exist
to /etc/hosts and that made my startup fast
see more here: https://github.com/emacs-helm/helm/issues/1045
another thing that maybe helpful to you: https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/ProfileDotEmacs
This doesn't answer the question, but is kind of relevant
I don't know how to make it start faster, but there are a few things I could suggest:
for most things you do on the command line, you can do them in emacs:
compile: M-x compile, then type the command you use
my experience is only with C++, but with g++ you can press C-x ` to jump to lines that the compiler complains about
run shell commands: M-!, dumps output into a buffer
interactive shell: M-x shell
alternatively, you could run emacs like this:
emacs file.ext &
which opens emacs in the background so you can still use the shell ( this works best with putty and X forwarding with something like Xming)
I was trying to solve the same problem, when I came across this question here. I just wanted to add that the problem for me was not because of the load time of emacs lisp packages, but the fact that the host did not have a fully resolved hostname
To check your package load time do
M-x emacs-init-time
For me it was 0.3 seconds, and yet the load time was extremely high.
After changing my hostname correctly, it fixed the problem.
To configure your fully resolved hostname edit /etc/hostname, and /etc/hostsfile with:
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain
192.168.0.2 hostname hostname.domain
I would have to check my customization, but there is a package called gnuserve or emacsclient. It migrates a lot so you will have to google for it.
It runs one emacs session in the background. Any further sessions of emacs are essentially just new frames of that session. One advatage is quick startup times for your later sessions.
I'm in love with emacs. I don't believe there is anything one can't do with enough effort!
I have just fine working scripts/extensions installed that could be relevant to get my point:
org-mode (with a CAPTURE-TEMPLATE named "Journal")
color-theme (emacswiki)
theme-changer (github)
color-theme-buffer-local (github)
emacs-version: "GNU Emacs 23.3.1 (i686-pc-linux-gnu, GTK+ Version 2.24.10) of 2012-03-25 on roseapple, modified by Debian"
Whats already working fine
When I'm starting a journal-entry trough my defined shortcut, what happens is the following:
emacs opens a new buffer("CAPTURE-journal.org") in a new window
I edit it
with another keystroke the entry gets refiled to my defined journal.org file
the buffer and the window are then closed automatically
I continue working on the file I worked before
What I want it to do additionally:
the "CAPTURE-journal.org"-buffer in the new window should have a unique color-theme, lets say color-theme-retro-orange
My .emacs with the code snippet I believe should be relevant.
I have no idea how to tackle this task. Where does one begin editing? Are even all tools needed for this listed above?
Seen from scratch: you need a list with color-themes
(setq my-themes (list "color-theme-retro-orange" "second-theme" "third...))
than you need a pointer, storing position used last.
See Emacs Lisp Intro chapter of kill-ring-save
When finished, bind that function at a suitable place, where-from your buffer is opened, resp. load it with the stuff mentioned by OP.
Or create a minor-mode, which will all new buffers provide with this.
I installed emacs 24.1 and dictionary.el, which is a dictd client plugin for emacs. I am able to look up dictionary within command "dict xxx", it works just fine.
However, dictionary.el doesn't work correctly, whenever I use "M-x dictionary-search" to find something, minibuffer displays "dictionary-mode: Symbol's function definition is void: make-local-hook".
Here is what I have in dot-emacs:
(setq dictionary-server "localhost")
Any ideas?
If you're referring to http://me.in-berlin.de/~myrkr/dictionary/
Then the issue would be here:
(make-local-hook 'kill-buffer-hook)
(add-hook 'kill-buffer-hook 'dictionary-close t t)
Because the add-hook call supplies the local argument, you can resolve this issue by deleting (or commenting out) the first line with the call to make-local-hook. That line was only left in the code to provide backward-compatibility with very old versions of Emacs, and is otherwise redundant.
Make sure you send them a bug report.
Edit: tripleee has pointed out that this problem has already been fixed in the current version of the library, which now lives at the following URL:
https://github.com/myrkr/dictionary-el
"localhost" is defined in /etc/dictd/dict.conf. It should be OK to remove or comment out the setq. By default, dictionary-el points to dict.org.
I've a question:
When I use emacs with clojure and elein (leiningen extension) I write my code inside a file, then I need connect to swang, I type "elein swank" and open the conexion...2 step) I open a repl...3) I type slime-connect (and press y two times) 4) this step is really annoying: I need use my file or change the namespace...
so far so good..the problem is if inside my file there is a little mistake (maybe a parentheses) now I insult my code and I've repeat all steps...again!!
for me this is really annoying, I really like emacs, I've used this for long time and is the best editor, but comparing this to netbeans (I try this today..It's nice but its repl suck...) with netbeans I only need ONE click for do all these steps...
I can press "load file" and this load my file inside repl....seriously!!
and if I press refer alias/file in NS it open the repl and change the namespace...so good
now..my question is if is possible create a command inside emacs than make everything..maybe and it would be really nice..a command than open a repl and load my file or my ns...would be great...is it possible?...has someone do it??..thanks
thanks a lot a have a good day!!
elein-swank should automatically connect to the swank backend after starting it for you. There was a recently-fixed bug which prevented this for some swank-clojure versions, so you might want to update your elein.el to the latest version.
You can use elein-reswank to restart the backend and reconnect to it if necessary.
Once it's running, C-c C-k will compile and load a .clj file in the backend. C-c C-z will flip you to the REPL from any clojure source buffer.
Hopefully those tips will help to streamline your emacs/slime experience -- it's really a nice working environment, so stick with it if you can! :-)
You might want to try out swank-clojure if you aren't already.
With swank-clojure you just M-x clojure-jack-in and it loads the REPL. If you call it from within a project.clj file, it makes all the namespaces of your project available. It takes a few seconds to start, but after that it's very easy and you don't have to reload.
Why you need to reload everything if you made one typo? You just need to run lein swank once and connect to swank using slime-connect... And then you can load and evaluate your code as you want. To (re-)load your file you can use slime-load-file command, that is bound to C-c C-l...
You can also to look to M-x clojure-jack-in command from fresh clojure-mode...
P.S. I personally run swank sessions for a whole day (and sometime several days), without leaving it, writing new code, evaluating it, etc.
I'm having a problem with an Emacs lisp package that I pulled down from the ubuntu distribution. The package is JDEE, and it complains of Args out of range: "63", 0, 4 in the mini buffer and the *Messages* buffer whenever I open a file. This bug appears to have been reported last September but no action has been taken. I'm not an emacs newbie, having written some Elisp code myself, but I've never attempted to debug anything like this. I would like to stop the file load in a debugger when this error happens to at least get an idea of where the problem is coming from. I've read section 18.1.1 of the Elisp manual on "Entering the debugger on error" but trying to load the file after playing with various combinations of values for debug-on-error, debug-ignored-errors, and debug-on-signal appears to have no effect. Has anybody got any suggestions for my next step?
If debug-on-error isn't working, I'd start with the source itself. Find the keybinding/event that is causing the problem, and locate the function.
C-h k <keystrokes>
M-x find-function <function-name-from-above>
Now, once you are at the source
M-x edebug-defun
And the next time you hit the key, you should be able to step through the program. At that point, you can see which portion causes an error - and drill down that way.
You can also try setting the variable 'stack-trace-on-error to see if you can find the culprit (though 'debug-on-error usually works for me, not sure why it doesn't for you).
As a last resort (if edebug-defun doesn't work), you can redefine the routine with a call to (debug) in it, sort of does the same.
I suppose JDEE is somehow inhibiting debug-on-error. Perhaps grep through its files for the error message "Args out of range". While debugging, make sure to load the uncompiled .el files, not the byte-compiled .elc files (you will notice it in the debugger if you are running byte-compiled code) by entering commands like (load "foo.el") instead of (load "foo").
I got the same error when using find-grep after accidentally redefining (current-time-string) in one of my own scripts.
Using the M-x edebug-defun tip posted above I managed to find the issue when I stepped through the code giving the error seeing the call to (current-time-string).
Not sure how helpful this is in your case.