I'm making an iPhone game in which I have two main views, the planning stage and the action stage. Both of these will have different graphics etc, but I'll obviously need to pass information between them. I've pretty much finished programming the planning stage, and I know how to switch between views, but I'm a little fuzzy on how exactly I should be setting the whole thing up. Should my SwitchViewController, which handles the switching between the two views, also control the passing of the game state and the game moves between the two views? Or is there a better way to do this? Thanks for reading!
It would probably make sense to package all your game information up into a single 'gameState' object, and attach that to your app delegate (or some other 'non transient' object).
If you pass it all back and forth, you can run into problems if you ever change your flow, or add a variable and forget to pass it. This approach avoids both those issues.
I would suggest setting up a sharedInstance which will allow you to use data between the two screens.
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Been trying to find some tips on suggested approach for this and not having much luck.
All I'm looking for is to know what is the best approach to handle custom layouts for portrait/landscape modes.
I've seen some posts say in the storyboard add 2 views to the same ViewController and show/hide based on orientation change while some people suggest to use a totally separate ViewController for each orientation.
Which of this is the preferred method. I'm just starting my application, So I'd rather go for the widely accepted method than have to deal with complications later on.
Apple documentation still keeps talking about nib files and not storyboards in this aspect, so not being of much help.
My main focus is performance (I'm fine with having to code stuff instead of depend on the graphical interface for it). separate ViewControllers seem to keep the code in a clean way however if that involves populating views / clearing them every time orientation changes, seems kind of expensive(not sure if it is relevant).
Also if each scene in the application has 2 layouts then managing them I'm not sure how much of a pain it's going to be when the application grows big.
Please point me in a suitable approach for my case,
am not concerned about backwards compatibility. Just worried about the latest Xcode and ios6 if it matters for the decision
Thanks
I would say this really depends on the level of customization of the UI in portrait vs landscape. A large number of implementations I have done can be handled by either autoresizing/autolayout when switching orientation, or simply moving the elements yourself when the UI is rotated and the callbacks are fired. Moving the elements around should not be an expensive operation at all as it is a very common occurrence (again this depends on the complexity of your UI though).
I want to decide if it is better to use XIBs or to designs my views completely using code.
So far I have read that when you design your views on interface builder they are pre-built, so even if they use more memory the user feels everything is faster.
People say doing everything using code is harder but I find it to be just as easy, so I want to know if anyone has experienced some real speed gains when using nibs.
What have been your experiences, advice, etc?
Thanks!
You should be able to do both -- there are times when building a view programmatically is better/easier, and times when using a .xib is better/easier. Even if you only ever do things one way, you'll run into code that does it the other, and you'll need to be able to deal with that.
If you don't know how to use IB, then building your views in code is certainly easier. That is why you should learn to use IB. Once you understand IB, it's way, way faster to put together most of the view-based UI your app will likely need. IB helps you line things up, center objects, align base lines, connect controls to their targets and actions, etc. I think it's safe to say that everyone who uses IB effectively experiences "real speed gains when using nibs."
You should know how to use both. Performance differences between the two are negligible and should not be the reason that you choose one or the other.
Many people who are new to iOS development have the misconception that nibs (.xib files) are inferior to programmatically creating your UI and that if you use IB you're not a good iOS developer. That view is 100% wrong. IB is created by Apple and in use by Apple's developers to create their own Mac OS X and iOS apps. If IB (as a tool) is good enough to be used by some of the best developers in the world, it's probably good enough for most of us.
In practice I have found that a combination of the two usually fits the bill.
In my own apps I find that .xibs are great for laying out the basics of your views quickly and they allow you to iterate very quickly while giving you a preview of what your view will look like. It's also much easier to use auto layout in a .xib file.
Then when you need to do more advanced things like add fancy animations or move views around that is what IBOutlets are for. Anything that you put into a nib can be referenced through an IBOutlet. This allows you do then programmatically make your view come to life.
Lastly, you should fully understand what a nib (.xib) is doing automagically for you. You should understand what happens when a .xib's objects are unfrozen. There are many resources on the internet to understand .xib files better.
Also, learn how to use .xibs in an encapsulated way. For example, .xibs are crazy useful for things like prototype cells and they allow you to keep your code base modular (much more so than storyboards). Also, you will require less UI code in your view controllers.
Lastly, I always say that people should think of IB/.xibs like jQuery. It's going to save you a lot of time but the best developers still know how to do everything in javascript if they have to.
Good luck and have fun!
TL;DR version
Performance is not a consideration when deciding to use .xibs or not.
Use .xibs because they give you a preview of the view you are creating and they allow you to quickly iterate
In practice most apps will use a combination of both. You will programmatically add animations or move views around but the .xibs will be a starting point
Understand fully what happens when the objects in a .xib are unfrozen
You'll be more productive but be sure you fully understand what is happening behind the scenes.
I would always use XIB files unless there was a reason not to. This allows your views to be maintained easily in the future.
Some reasons for creating the views programmatically might be:
A control needs to be resized,
repositioned or otherwise altered
depending on something else
Controls
need to be added or removed
dynamically
There may be more reasons but there are not too many.
If you programmatically create views when there is no need you make it a lot more difficult for other developers to try to figure out what the view will look like and to change it.
If you build your views programmatically, you have control over the loading of elements. e.g. you could use lazy loading, and load secondary buttons, subviews, etc. a fraction of a second after the more important elements, allowing the key parts of the UI to come up faster. You could even animate some elements into position.
If you use IB, you get guides as to proper element spacings and positioning, but you could always copy the coordinates from IB into code if you aren't changing the design that often.
For simple UI elements, you will end up with more lines of code to maintain if you create them programatically.
IB and NIBs do a lot to optimise loading/unloading of views, but it is largely oriented to minimising memory usage vs. perceived speed for the user. For example, lazy loading if anything might make the app UI slightly slower, but it should make memory usage lower. This in turn could make overall app performance better on a large application, and is very much encouraged, but it's difficult to define "performance" in a narrow way. It's also difficult to say when you should or should not use IB - there will be some times you're much better off doing it in code.
One often overlooked element to the IB or not debate is development speed, especially if you have multiple developers. On a larger team/project you'll probably have some developer(s) who specialise more in the infrastructure, business logic etc. of the app and some developer(s) who specialise more in the UI. In this case, use of IB will make it easier for them to work independently, which should make overall development more efficient.
I view IB as a core part of the development platform for iOS development. It's not the right solution in every situation but not knowing how to use IB will be a real limiting factor.
I am building an app with several UIViews which are generated dynamically, based on user inputs. These UIViews may contain labels, images and text. They take some time to generate so I would like the user to be able to load them up quickly on future launches of the app without having to redraw them again. One requirement is that they need to keep their interactive state so the user can continue to edit them.
I looked into NSKeyedArchiver but this doesn't seem to support UIImage. Also, I can't save it as PNG since I would like to retain their interactive state.
Is there any way to do this?
You should consider keeping the model of your data separate from the interface. You can then use this stored model to generate the interface. I know you specifically said that you don't want to do this. However, any built in method is going to have to rebuild the UIViews in exactly the same way.
If the processing of the model data is the issue, try to come up with a way to efficiently represent the state of the interface so that you don't have to start from scratch. However, that will be a lot more work.
Been researching how to send data from one child view to another child view. The application has several views, where one is kind of real-time Settings view. Changes in settings should effect stuff inside other views.
NSUserDefaults seems to be popular, but I don't want persistent data nor automatic saving into database/file. Looks like potential slowdown, which I want to avoid.
Second popular thing is passing a reference to some common top level object into each child view. Just haven't found any tutorial, which would show me in detail how to do this... Most likely so easy, no tutorial is needed - after you figure it out once! Would appreciate, if you can point me to right direction (URL)!
Question: I'm thinking about using one "singleton object" to store "global data", access it from everywhere anytime. What could wrong with this? If I create it at e.g. appDelegate.m it should exist before anyone tries to access it, right?
I'm looking at this sample code.
I would recommend using delegates and/or notifications.
Instead of creating a new singleton in the app delegate, add the necessary data (or, even better, references to the data) in the app delegate and have the views have references to the app delegate.
You can also set up notifications so that your views can keep track of changes to the data that they display.
The beauty of a singleton is that it is automatically created when you first access it via some [singletonClass sharedInstance]. So you don't need to "create" it while launching. If it is global data that needs to be accessed from any view singleton might be the right way of doing this.
I have been programming with the iPhone SDK for some time now.
I have not been using Interface Builder. This scares me a little. I know that in effect I may be 'fighting the framework' but I do not see it that way.
I find it very easy to just instantiate my UITabBarController in my app delegate, instantiate a UINavigationController, then push and pop view controllers as I go.
Naturally I do not have an extensive knowledge of how to architect an app with XIB files because I have never done so, however I do know the general gist of it, having built some Mac apps in Cocoa using NIBs. So I am not completely ignorant.
My question is whether there is an increase in development time when choosing to lay out UITableViewControllers and UIViewControllers using XIBs rather than programmatically instantiating them and then setting up the ivars.
As I see it, both methods still require you to subclass the view controller for customization which will probably occur for the majority of your views. As well, there are still manual classes required for delegates, and the process of connecting outlets from within the XIB seems comparable to me from setting an ivar.
Or am I missing some other major point?
Thanks!
Code takes much longer to write to configure UIs than IB does.
Plus, you can hand off design to designers and let them tweak the UI.
In the end they both accomplish the same thing. You should use either one depending on the circumstances. Most of the time writing the code to create and position views, and especially maintaining it down the road, will take much longer than using IB. In a simple app for the iPhone though, this might not be true and you'd be just as well off creating everything in code. Basically, you should know how to do both, and pick the path that involves the clearest code and quickest development.
IB shines when you're using it to actually lay out views; even two or three views can be a real hassle to lay out and configure in code. I do tend to use it for tab bar and navigation controllers, and sometimes for subcontrollers (usually only if I think the user is very likely to use it), but that's more just because I'm already there so I find it convenient.
With this new version 3 OS they're announcing next week, I'm hoping Interface Builder gains some of the flexibility it has in Cocoa, where you can add palettes for your own classes and even build up complex non-view data structures (by using custom palettes). We'll have to see, though.
Don't worry too much, IMO Interface Builder is a little over-rated too.
It's definitely useful for getting things up and running quickly, or if you have an app with a lot of screens that are tedious to setup, but you're not missing much.
For the uses you outline just doing things in code is fine, and possibly even a little easier to understand.
Laying out views, or custom cells though... then you get into a ton of font/color/position setting that quickly explodes into a lot of code, hard to maintain and tweak. Much easier to adjust what you want in IB in those cases.