insert into table with ID column - tsql

I am attempting to insert columns from a temp table and want the ID column to increment sequentially. I'm using the following code but nothing is getting inserted:
INSERT INTO TestDataTable
SELECT Code, Description, ParentID FROM TempTable
Kindly tell me how I can get this to work.

You need to make the ID an IDENTITY column. So in your select into statement, something like this should do:
INSERT INTO TestDataTable
SELECT ID = IDENTITY(INT,1,1), Code, Description, ParentID FROM TempTable

I would say that you have two options. The first is to handle this in the data definition language of your target table. See this code example written for MS SQL Server.
CREATE TABLE #A (
Id INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY
, Code VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)
CREATE TABLE #B (
Code VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('alpha')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('beta')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('gamma')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('delta')
INSERT INTO #A (Code)
SELECT Code
FROM #B
SELECT *
FROM #A
DROP TABLE #A
DROP TABLE #B
If you are not allowed to handle in the target table's DDL then you can accomplish what you need be specifying on the way into the table like this if you know it will be empty.
CREATE TABLE #A (
Id INT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
, Code VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)
CREATE TABLE #B (
Code VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL)
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('alpha')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('beta')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('gamma')
INSERT INTO #B VALUES ('delta')
INSERT INTO #A (Id, Code)
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Code), Code
FROM #B
SELECT *
FROM #A
DROP TABLE #A
DROP TABLE #B
I definitely recommend the first method. It is much simpler and you don't have to worry about handling the auto-increment in code.

Related

How to pull out records based on array of values

Suppose the following structure:
CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS my_schema;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS my_schema.user (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
tag_id BIGINT NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS my_schema.conversation (
id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
user_ids BIGINT[] NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO my_schema.user VALUES
(1, 55555),
(2, 77777);
INSERT INTO my_schema.conversation VALUES
(1, '{1,2}');
I can pull out the my_schema.conversation records if I know the my_schema.user.id values:
SELECT *
FROM my_schema.conversation
WHERE user_ids #> '{1}'
The above works, but I need to use my_schema.user.tag_id instead of my_schema.user.id:
How can I do this?
Fiddle
You would have to join the two tables on the array values
SELECT *
FROM my_schema.user u
JOIN my_schema.conversation c
ON u.id = any(c.chat_ids)
WHERE u.tag_id=55555;

How to load data as nested JSONB from non-JSONB postgres tables

I'm trying to construct an object for use from my postgres backend. The tables in question look something like this:
We have some Things that essentially act as rows for a matrix where the columns are Field_Columns. Field_Values are filled cells.
Create Table Platform_User (
serial id PRIMARY KEY
)
Create Table Things (
serial id PRIMARY KEY,
INTEGER user_id REFERENCES Platform_User(id)
)
Create Table Field_Columns (
serial id PRIMARY KEY,
TEXT name,
)
Create Table Field_Values (
INTEGER field_column_id REFERENCES Field_Columns(id),
INTEGER thing_id REFERENCES Things(id)
TEXT content,
PRIMARY_KEY(field_column_id, thing_id)
)
This would be simple if I were trying to load just the Field_Values for a single Thing as JSON, which would look like this:
SELECT JSONB_OBJECT(
ARRAY(
SELECT name
FROM Field_Columns
ORDER BY Field_Columns.id
),
ARRAY(
SELECT Field_Values.content
FROM Fields_Columns
LEFT JOIN Field_Values ON Field_Values.field_column_id = Field_Columns.id
AND Field_Values.thing_id = Things.id
ORDER BY Field_Columns.id)
)
)
FROM Things
WHERE Thing.id = $1
however, I'd like to construct the JSON object to look like this when returned. I want to get an object of all the Fields:Field_Values objects for the Things that a user owns
{
14:
{
'first field':'asdf',
'other field':''
}
25:
{
'first field':'qwer',
'other field':'dfgdsfg'
}
43:
{
'first field':'',
'other field':''
}
}
My efforts to construct this query look like this, but I'm running into the problem where the JSONB object function doesn't want to construct an object where the value of the field is an object itself
SELECT (
JSONB_OBJECT(
ARRAY(SELECT Things.id::TEXT
FROM Things
WHERE Things.user_id = $2
ORDER BY Things.id
),
ARRAY(SELECT JSONB_OBJECT(
ARRAY(
SELECT name
FROM Field_Columns
ORDER BY Field_Columns.id),
ARRAY(
SELECT Field_Values.content
FROM Field_Columns
LEFT JOIN Field_Values ON Field_Values.field_column_Id = Field_Columns.id
AND Field_Values.thing_id = Things.id
ORDER BY Field_Columns.id)
)
FROM Things
WHERE Things.user_id = $2
ORDER BY Things.id
)
)
) AS thing_fields
The specific error I get is function jsonb_object(text[], jsonb[]) does not exist. Is there a way to do this that doesn't involve copious text conversions and nonsense like that? Or will I just need to abandon trying to sort my data in the query and do it in my code instead.
Your DDL scripts are syntactically incorrect so I created these for you:
create table platform_users (
id int8 PRIMARY KEY
);
create table things (
id int8 PRIMARY KEY,
user_id int8 REFERENCES platform_users(id)
);
create table field_columns (
id int8 PRIMARY KEY,
name text
);
create table field_values (
field_column_id int8 REFERENCES field_columns(id),
thing_id int8 REFERENCES things(id),
content text,
PRIMARY KEY(field_column_id, thing_id)
);
I also created some scripts to populate the db:
insert into platform_users(id) values (1);
insert into platform_users(id) values (2);
insert into platform_users(id) values (3);
insert into platform_users(id) values (4);
insert into platform_users(id) values (5);
insert into things(id, user_id) values(1, 1);
insert into things(id, user_id) values(2, 1);
insert into things(id, user_id) values(3, 2);
insert into things(id, user_id) values(4, 2);
insert into field_columns(id, name) values(1, 'col1');
insert into field_columns(id, name) values(2, 'col2');
insert into field_values(field_column_id, thing_id, content) values(1, 1, 'thing1 val1');
insert into field_values(field_column_id, thing_id, content) values(2, 1, 'thing1 val2');
insert into field_values(field_column_id, thing_id, content) values(1, 2, 'thing2 val1');
insert into field_values(field_column_id, thing_id, content) values(2, 2, 'thing2 val2');
Please include such scripts next time when you ask for help, and make sure that your scripts are correct. This will reduce the work needed to answer your question.
You can get your jsonb value by aggregating the key value pairs with jsonb_object_agg
select
t.id,
jsonb_object_agg(fc.name, fv.content)
from
things t inner join
field_values fv on fv.thing_id = t.id inner join
field_columns fc on fv.field_column_id = fc.id
group by 1
The results looking like this:
thing_id;jsonb_value
1;"{"col1": "thing1 val1", "col2": "thing1 val2"}"
2;"{"col1": "thing2 val1", "col2": "thing2 val2"}"

How to fill table variable with correct IDENTITY values?

Well, I have two tables:
CREATE TABLE Temp(
TEMP_ID int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, ... )
CREATE TABLE TEMP1(
TEMP1_ID int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
TEMP_ID int, ... )
they are linked with TEMP_ID foreign key.
In a stored procedure I need to create tons of
Temp and Temp1 rows and update them, so I created a table variable (#TEMP) and I am dealing with it and finally make one big INSERT into Temp. My question is: how can I fill #Temp with correct TEMP_ID's without insert safely from multiple sessions?
you can use Scope_Identity() to find out last inserted row. You can use Output clause to find all newly inserted (or updated) rows.
create table #t1
(
id int primary key identity,
val int
)
Insert into #t1 (val)
output inserted.id, inserted.val
values (10), (20), (30)

Is it possible to have multiple secondary use of a returning value in a CTE statement in Postgres?

I want to insert my foreign keys in multiple tables after a insert into the main table in one CTE. I can't find the solution so it may well be impossible...
see this example:
CREATE TABLE test_main (main_id serial NOT NULL, main_name character varying(64) default null);
CREATE TABLE test_sub_one (sub_one_id serial NOT NULL,sub_one_main_id integer NOT NULL,sub_one_name character varying(64) default null);
CREATE TABLE test_sub_two (sub_two_id serial NOT NULL,sub_two_main_id integer NOT NULL,sub_two_name character varying(64) default null);
WITH main as (
INSERT INTO test_main (main_name) VALUES ('test1') RETURNING main_id
)
INSERT INTO test_sub_one (sub_one_main_id,sub_one_name) SELECT main_id, 'testsub1' FROM main,
INSERT INTO test_sub_two (sub_two_main_id,sub_two_name) SELECT main_id, 'testsub2' FROM main;
Use another CTE for the second insert:
WITH main as (
INSERT INTO test_main (main_name) VALUES ('test1') RETURNING main_id
), sub1 as (
INSERT INTO test_sub_one (sub_one_main_id,sub_one_name)
SELECT main_id, 'testsub1' FROM main
)
INSERT INTO test_sub_two (sub_two_main_id,sub_two_name)
SELECT main_id, 'testsub2' FROM main;

Copy content in TSQL

I need to copy content from one table to itself and related tables... Let me schematize the problem. Let's say I have two tables:
Order
OrderID : int
CustomerID : int
OrderName : nvarchar(32)
OrderItem
OrderItemID : int
OrderID : int
Quantity : int
With the PK being autoincremental.
Let's say I want to duplicate the content of one customer to another. How do I do that efficiently?
The problem are the PKs. I would need to map the values of OrderIDs from the original set of data to the copy in order to create proper references in OrderItem. If I just select-Insert, I won't be able to create that map.
Suggestions?
For duplicating one parent and many children with identities as the keys, I think the OUTPUT clause can make things pretty clean (SqlFiddle here):
-- Make a duplicate of parent 1, including children
-- Setup some test data
create table Parents (
ID int not null primary key identity
, Col1 varchar(10) not null
, Col2 varchar(10) not null
)
insert into Parents (Col1, Col2) select 'A', 'B'
insert into Parents (Col1, Col2) select 'C', 'D'
insert into Parents (Col1, Col2) select 'E', 'F'
create table Children (
ID int not null primary key identity
, ParentID int not null references Parents (ID)
, Col1 varchar(10) not null
, Col2 varchar(10) not null
)
insert into Children (ParentID, Col1, Col2) select 1, 'g', 'h'
insert into Children (ParentID, Col1, Col2) select 1, 'i', 'j'
insert into Children (ParentID, Col1, Col2) select 2, 'k', 'l'
insert into Children (ParentID, Col1, Col2) select 3, 'm', 'n'
-- Get one parent to copy
declare #oldID int = 1
-- Create a place to store new ParentID
declare #newID table (
ID int not null primary key
)
-- Create new parent
insert into Parents (Col1, Col2)
output inserted.ID into #newID -- Capturing the new ParentID
select Col1, Col2
from Parents
where ID = #oldID -- Only one parent
-- Create new children using the new ParentID
insert into Children (ParentID, Col1, Col2)
select n.ID, c.Col1, c.Col2
from Children c
cross join #newID n
where c.ParentID = #oldID -- Only one parent
-- Show some output
select * from Parents
select * from Children
Do you have to have the primary keys from table A as primaries in Table B? If not you can do a select statement with an insert into. Primary Key's are usually int's that start from an ever increasing seed (identity). Going around this and declaring an insert of this same data problematically has the disadvantage of someone thinking this is a distinct key set on this table and not a 'relationship' or foreign key value.
You can Select Primary Key's for inserts into other tables, just not themselves.... UNLESS you set the 'identity insert on' hint. Do not do this unless you know what this does as you can create more problems than it's worth if you don't understand the ramifications.
I would just do the ole:
insert into TableB
select *
from TableA
where (criteria)
Simple example (This assumes SQL Server 2008 or higher). My bad I did not see you did not list TSQL framework. Not sure if this will run on Oracle or MySql.
declare #Order Table ( OrderID int identity primary key, person varchar(8));
insert into #Order values ('Brett'),('John'),('Peter');
declare #OrderItem Table (orderItemID int identity primary key, OrderID int, OrderInfo varchar(16));
insert into #OrderItem
select
OrderID -- I can insert a primary key just fine
, person + 'Stuff'
from #Order
select *
from #Order
Select *
from #OrderItem
Add an extra helper column to Order called OldOrderID
Copy all the Order's from the #OldCustomerID to the #NewCustomerID
Copy all of the OrderItems using the OldOrderID column to help make the relation
Remove the extra helper column from Order
ALTER TABLE Order ADD OldOrderID INT NULL
INSERT INTO Order (CustomerID, OrderName, OldOrderID)
SELECT #NewCustomerID, OrderName, OrderID
FROM Order
WHERE CustomerID = #OldCustomerID
INSERT INTO OrderItem (OrderID, Quantity)
SELECT o.OrderID, i.Quantity
FROM Order o INNER JOIN OrderItem i ON o.OldOrderID = i.OrderID
WHERE o.CustomerID = #NewCustomerID
UPDATE Order SET OldOrderID = null WHERE OldOrderID IS NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE Order DROP COLUMN OldOrderID
IF the OrderName is unique per customer, you could simply do:
INSERT INTO [Order] ([CustomerID], [OrderName])
SELECT
2 AS [CustomerID],
[OrderName]
FROM [Order]
WHERE [CustomerID] = 1
INSERT INTO [OrderItem] ([OrderID], [Quantity])
SELECT
[o2].[OrderID],
[oi1].[Quantity]
FROM [OrderItem] [oi1]
INNER JOIN [Order] [o1] ON [oi1].[OrderID] = [o1].[OrderID]
INNER JOIN [Order] [o2] ON [o1].[OrderName] = [o2].[OrderName]
WHERE [o1].[CustomerID] = 1 AND [o2].[CustomerID] = 2
Otherwise, you will have to use a temporary table or alter the existing Order table like #LastCoder suggested.