quick question. How accurate is the GPS on the iPhone 4? I ask because I'm working on an enterprise project for a company, and part 2 of it will deal with iDevice development where I have to determine the position of the user. I'd like to know if the GPS is accurate enough to sense the user moving within rooms because the user will have to "tag" sections of the room as they move about it.
Thanks in advance!
P.S. Pressuming that it won't make much of a difference, but the users will actually end up using the iPads, not iPhones, and more than likely the iPad 2 will be out by the time the entire project is completed. I don't know if the iPad 2 will have a better GPS receiver or not, but at the minimum I should use the iPad/iPhone 4 GPS receiver...
Most buildings will not allow reception of an accurate set of GPS signals (if they can be received at all) indoors. The roof/ceiling/floors above are just too thick. Even a lot of trees overhanging a building will degrade the signal from the GPS satellites.
You might have a chance if all the rooms have very large unobstructed windows with no overhangs, and it's the right time of day for several satellites to be in view out that window.
Outdoors, in the clear, the iPhone 4 GPS seems to be very accurate. Sometimes I can walk around my parked car, and see the blue dot in the Maps app follow me in a circle.
I have done some work with a large location data set. My result set is based on cars driving outside and will therefore be, on average, more accurate than those taken inside (based on line of sight to satellites).
For the 650,704 location updates I used in my tests, I found the average accuracy radius was 246m (91m if your remove >1km outliers). 85.1% of updates had an accuracy of less than 100m. So given that your update will not be as accurate as these, I don't imagine you will have much success tracking indoor location changes.
For a further description of my results.
It is very difficult, and most of the time impossible to obtain a GPS signal inside a building. The type of waves used by the GPS (radio waves) are not powerful enough to go through the structure itself.
A simpler and probably cheaper solution would be to give people maybe tags or cards and install some sort of trnasreceiver in each room.
It seems the original question was "how accurate is the GPS on an iPhone 4", which hasn't exactly been answered yet.
I've done lots of testing with the accuracy of the GPS chips in iPhone 4, iPhone 4s, and iPhone 5, and the most accurate reading allowed seems to be ~5 meters, or ~16 feet when you're outside with clear line of sight to the sky. I'm guessing this is a software limitation imposed by Apple to conserve battery.
Related
Presume I have two+ iPhones connected to the same server.
Using the sensors built in the iPhone and any possible calculations based on their information, is there any way to tell which direction one phone is from another?
They would be in the same room, so the fluctuation of GPS would not work very well here.
I've tried to model two points on a graph using only their compass readings, but I do not think this will work alone. I could be wrong though.
You could setup a calibration phase in your program where you start each phone in an exact position, and then using the 6 axis motion continually calculate the exact current position (in all 6 axis). But the longer you run that calculation the further from true position you will be and eventually (given a long enough time) one phone could think it's in canada and the other in Mexico.
So It could work for short term spurts if you do a calibration every time you want to start.
There is also the possibility of bluetooth localization, but that would require at least 3 phones and the sharing of positional data between them. Or you could do wifi location, but that would require the same as the bluetooth.
Long story short if you want inches localization it's not going to happen. If you want yards localization it's possible, but not as usable.
As you already mentioned, GPS does not work very well when used inside buildings. Thus, it is not possible to get the direction, as you don't have two reliable positions.
Indoor localisation should be much easier with iOS7 and location beacons .. but this does not help much now.
I'm wondering if anybody has done thorough empirical testing of the iPhone's ability to find its location. Obviously the performance and accuracy will depend on the type of area one is in (urban vs suburban vs remote).
Just testing from the Simulator, I get a horizontalAccuracy of < 100 meters (98 meters) in a few seconds. I believe it is because it's using WiFi.
But, for user experience purposes, how fast would it be to get this kind of accuracy using EDGE or GPS (assuming both are available)? Does the timing vary in very dense urban areas vs suburban?
It would be great it there were some empirical results published on this so that apps could modify their user experience accordingly.
The simulator just sends one event with the coordinates of Apple's headquarters after a few minutes delay.
There is a difference in accuracy between models of iPhone, in whether "real" GPS, or wifi triangulation, or cell tower location are being used, as well as issues from sky coverage and the particular satellites in view when GPS is being used, as well as how long you wait.
In practice, the range I've seen is from infinite (or maybe the diameter of the planet) when I'm in an elevator (Faraday cage), to telling me when I walk from the front to the back of my car.
I am working on a CoreLocation based application which should show the position of the user on a map.
My current problem is, that the precision of CL is not very good.
I am testing the app in an urban environment, so i am walking through a the streets around our office and see how precise it is. The horizontalAccuracy is usually around 47m - 50m when i am walking, and updates occur randomly between every 10 seconds and 1 minute. The updated position can vary between almost accurate and 20 meters or more off my real position. When i stop and wait for a minute, the position will almost always be correct within a minute, and the precision may rise to 17m.
I have tested this with three iPhone (3G and 3GS) and one iPod Touch(which is less precise).
However, there is a difference in the final usage of the product: The target audience of our product will use it in a rural, open environment without any houses nearby.
Will this improve accuracy?
How accurate can the iPhone get at best in terms of horizontalAccuracy?
Are there any best practices, tips and tricks to improve the precision?
Your problem is not CL, but the urban environment. Buildings block view of the GPS satellites used to calculate location. The more satellites you can see the better the accuracy.
The iPod Touch doesn't have GPS capability and location based solely on WiFi signals it can detect and lookup in an online database. It will probably give poor or no location data when in a rural environment since it depends entirely on nearby WiFi signals.
For more info see:
iphone-gps-performance
iphone GPS Tips and Tricks
The absolute best accuracy you can expect is about 2.5m (8') without WAAS and with SA turned off. You won't get that in an urban environment though, you need a clear sky for that best case accuracy.
I'm looking into the new background location service options in the iPhone 4 SDK. It allows an app to run in the background and receive location updates from the device.
There are two methods offered. One is a battery intensive mode that continuously gets location updates. The second recommended method sends the app location updates when there has been a "significant location change".
Does anyone know what a significant location change might be? Is a 30 foot walk considered significant, or is a 10 block walk considered significant? I imagine it also depends on the accuracy of the location mechanism being used at the time.
I've recently done some field testing of the new background location service to get an idea of what constitutes a significant location update, what kind of accuracy to expect for the location hits and our general experiences using it.
The results are detailed in a fairly lengthy blog post:
iPhone Background GPS: Accurate to 500 meters, not enough for foot traffic
As Steve Jobs mentioned in the OS 4 introduction, the low power mode uses cell tower triangulation and does not activate GPS unit. Since the iPhone phone module needs to keep a connection to the cell network anyway, there should be no impact on battery life.
Since the precision of a location fix with cell tower triangulation is anywhere between a few dozen meters (in dense city locations) and a few miles, I think 30 ft is not a significant location change. I don't know the specifics, though (and as mentioned by the commenters, the Apple dev forums are the right place to talk about those).
In my application the user will hold the iPhone and walk in straight line, iPhone will alert the user every 2 meters to make lux measurements and record them. Is the GPS on the iPhone accurate enough for such task? (given that the place is the runway of the airport and should have clear reception of GPS satellites signals...)
No, you won't get that good a fix. 2m is about the limit of GPS and that usually requires significant time without moving. 10m seems to be what you should be able to get, though I've heard worse and (obviously Ole above) better.
The best reported GPS accuracy I ever got was about 7 m. Why don't you build a simple sample app and test it for yourself? It should only take a few minutes.