I'm using psql's \dt to list all tables in a database and I need to save the results.
What is the syntax to export the results of a psql command to a file?
From psql's help (\?):
\o [FILE] send all query results to file or |pipe
The sequence of commands will look like this:
[wist#scifres ~]$ psql db
Welcome to psql 8.3.6, the PostgreSQL interactive terminal
db=>\o out.txt
db=>\dt
Then any db operation output will be written to out.txt.
Enter '\o' to revert the output back to console.
db=>\o
The psql \o command was already described by jhwist.
An alternative approach is using the COPY TO command to write directly to a file on the server. This has the advantage that it's dumped in an easy-to-parse format of your choice -- rather than psql's tabulated format. It's also very easy to import to another table/database using COPY FROM.
NB! This requires superuser or pg_write_server_files privileges and will write to a file on the server.
Example: COPY (SELECT foo, bar FROM baz) TO '/tmp/query.csv' (format csv, delimiter ';')
Creates a CSV file with ';' as the field separator.
As always, see the documentation for details
Use o parameter of pgsql command.
-o, --output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe)
psql -d DatabaseName -U UserName -c "SELECT * FROM TABLE" -o /root/Desktop/file.txt
\copy which is a postgres command can work for any user. Don't know if it works for \dt or not, but general syntax is reproduced from the following link Postgres SQL copy syntax
\copy (select * from tempTable limit 100) to 'filenameinquotes' with header delimiter as ','
The above will save the output of the select query in the filename provided as a csv file
EDIT:
For my psql server the following command works this is an older version v8.5
copy (select * from table1) to 'full_path_filename' csv header;
Use the below query to store the result in a CSV file
\copy (your query) to 'file path' csv header;
Example
\copy (select name,date_order from purchase_order) to '/home/ankit/Desktop/result.csv' cvs header;
Hope this helps you.
If you got the following error
ufgtoolspg=> COPY (SELECT foo, bar FROM baz) TO '/tmp/query.csv' (format csv, delimiter ';');
ERROR: must be superuser to COPY to or from a file
HINT: Anyone can COPY to stdout or from stdin. psql's \copy command also works for anyone.
you can run it in this way:
psql somepsqllink_or_credentials -c "COPY (SELECT foo, bar FROM baz) TO STDOUT (format csv, delimiter ';')" > baz.csv
COPY tablename TO '/tmp/output.csv' DELIMITER ',' CSV HEADER;
this command is used to store the entire table as csv
I assume that there exist some internal psql command for this, but you could also run the script command from util-linux-ng package:
DESCRIPTION
Script makes a typescript of everything printed on your terminal.
This approach will work with any psql command from the simplest to the most complex without requiring any changes or adjustments to the original command.
NOTE: For Linux servers.
Save the contents of your command to a file
MODEL
read -r -d '' FILE_CONTENT << 'HEREDOC'
[COMMAND_CONTENT]
HEREDOC
echo -n "$FILE_CONTENT" > sqlcmd
EXAMPLE
read -r -d '' FILE_CONTENT << 'HEREDOC'
DO $f$
declare
curid INT := 0;
vdata BYTEA;
badid VARCHAR;
loc VARCHAR;
begin
FOR badid IN SELECT some_field FROM public.some_base LOOP
begin
select 'ctid - '||ctid||'pagenumber - '||(ctid::text::point) [0]::bigint
into loc
from public.some_base where some_field = badid;
SELECT file||' '
INTO vdata
FROM public.some_base where some_field = badid;
exception
when others then
raise notice 'Block/PageNumber - % ',loc;
raise notice 'Corrupted id - % ', badid;
--return;
end;
end loop;
end;
$f$;
HEREDOC
echo -n "$FILE_CONTENT" > sqlcmd
Run the command
MODEL
sudo -u postgres psql [some_db] -c "$(cat sqlcmd)" >>sqlop 2>&1
EXAMPLE
sudo -u postgres psql some_db -c "$(cat sqlcmd)" >>sqlop 2>&1
View/track your command output
cat sqlop
Done! Thanks! =D
Approach for docker
via psql command
docker exec -i %containerid% psql -U %user% -c '\dt' > tables.txt
or query from sql file
docker exec -i %containerid% psql -U %user% < file.sql > data.txt
Related
I am trying to find a way to pass a file to psql while using '\copy'. There is a question posted here use sql file in "\copy" psql command line asking a similar thing, but the accepted solution doesn't actually pass a file to psql, it passes the contents of the file, so this cannot be done when the contents of the sql file exceeds the maximum allowed length of the psql command.
e.g. something like this psql -c data_base "\copy \file_path <file.sql> To './test.csv' With CSV"
Using copy rather than \copy, you can do it like this:
(echo "copy ("; cat file.sql ; echo ") to STDOUT with CSV")| psql -X > ./test.csv
I am using timescaledb.
The doumentation I am following is Using PostgreSQL's COPY to migrate data from a csv file to timescale db. The name of csv file is test.csv.
I created the db named test , the name of table is test1. Table is a hypertable as per the timescaledb documentation.
The table's structure and csv files structure are the same.
While executing the following command in cmd I am not getting a result other than an addition of - symbol in the console command test-#
psql -d test -c "\COPY test1 FROM C:\Users\DEGEJOS\Downloads\test.csv CSV"
If I put ; after the command
psql -d test -c "\COPY test1 FROM C:\Users\DEGEJOS\Downloads\test.csv CSV"; I am getting a syntax error at Line 1.
How can I solve this error and insert data from csv file to db.?
You are trying to run psql with \COPY inside psql session, thus you get an error in the second call, since psql keyword does not exist in SQL. psql is an executable.
To follow the instructions from Timescale, you need to call the command directly in CMD. I.e, call:
psql -d test -c "\COPY test1 FROM C:\Users\DEGEJOS\Downloads\test.csv CSV"
If you are in C:\Users\DEGEJOS as in your screenshoot, it will look like:
C:\Users\DEGEJOS\psql -d test -c "\COPY test1 FROM C:\Users\DEGEJOS\Downloads\test.csv CSV"
I am trying to use psycopg2 in my script to export data from a Postgres database to a file.
I can successfully run the following from my terminal and it works, no problem:
psql -h myhost -p myport -U myuser -d mydbname -c "\COPY ( SELECT member_id FROM member_reward_transaction LIMIT 5) TO ~/Desktop/testexport.txt (FORMAT csv, DELIMITER '|', HEADER 0)"
I could presumably call the above using subprocess, but I would like to know why the following is not working for me:
import configparser
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read('config/qa_config.ini')
dbname=config['postgres-rewards']['db_name']
host=config['postgres-rewards']['host']
port=config['postgres-rewards']['port']
user=config['postgres-rewards']['user']
password=config['postgres-rewards']['password']
con = psycopg2.connect(database=dbname,user=user,password=password,host=host,port=port)
cur = con.cursor()
f = open('exports/test_export.csv')
cur.copy_to(f, 'member_reward_transaction', columns=('member_id', 'sponsor_id'), sep=",")
con.commit()
con.close()
The error when I run the script:
File "tests2.py", line 17, in <module>
cur.copy_to(f, 'member_reward_transaction', columns=('member_id', 'sponsor_id'), sep=",")
psycopg2.errors.WrongObjectType: cannot copy from partitioned table "member_reward_transaction"
HINT: Try the COPY (SELECT ...) TO variant.
using Python 3.6.5, PostgreSQL 11.5
Like the error message says, you have to use
COPY (SELECT ... FROM partitioned_table) TO STDOUT;
if you want to use a partitioned table.
Your psql command does that, but psycopg2's copy_to uses plain old
COPY partitioned_table TO STDOUT;
which doesn't work.
Use copy_expert which allows you to submit your own COPY statement.
In postgresql 9.3.1, when interactively developing a query using the psql command, the end result is sometimes to write the query results to a file:
boron.production=> \o /tmp/output
boron.production=> select 1;
boron.production=> \o
boron.production=> \q
$ cat /tmp/output
?column?
----------
1
(1 row)
This works fine. But how can I get the query itself to be written to the file along with the query results?
I've tried giving psql the --echo-queries switch:
-e, --echo-queries
Copy all SQL commands sent to the server to standard output as well.
This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO to queries.
But this always echoes to stdout, not to the file I gave with the \o command.
I've tried the --echo-all switch as well, but it does not appear to echo interactive input.
Using command editing, I can repeat the query with \qecho in front of it. That works, but is tedious.
Is there any way to direct an interactive psql session to write both the query and the query output to a file?
You can try redirecting the stdout to a file directly from your shell (Win or Linux should work)
psql -U postgres -c "select 1 as result" -e nomedb >> hello.txt
This has the drawback of not letting you see the output interactively. If that's a problem, you can either tail the output file in a separate terminal, or, if in *nix, use the tee utility:
psql -U postgres -c "select 1 as result" -e nomedb | tee hello.txt
Hope this helps!
Luca
I know this is an old question, but at least in 9.3 and current versions this is possible using Query Buffer meta-commands shown in the documentation or \? from the psql console: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.3/static/app-psql.html
\w or \write filename
\w or \write |command
Outputs the current query buffer to the file filename or pipes it to the shell command command.
Please try this format as I got the output from the same:
psql -h $host -p $port -q -U $user -d $Dbname -c "SELECT \"Employee-id\",\"Employee-name\" FROM Employee_table" >> Employee_Date.csv
I need the output in a CSV file.
I'd like to execute a query from the shell (not in the interactive psql client) and have it print the CSV or TSV representation of the output to STDOUT. How do you do that with psql or one of the PostgreSQL command-line tools?
If you are using PostgreSQL 8.2 or newer, use this for CSV:
psql -c "COPY (<select query>) TO STDOUT WITH CSV"
and this of TSV, with proper NULLs:
psql -c "COPY (<select query>) TO STDOUT WITH NULL AS ''"
The CSV form will properly quote any fields that contain the double-quote character. See the PostgreSQL documentation of your specific version for more details and options for COPY.
Starting from Bohemian's answer, I found these flags useful:
psql my_database -U myuser -A -F , -X -t -f /path/to/query.sql -o /path/to/output.csv
Unaligned output mode: -A
Use comma as field delimiter: -F ,
Do not read psqlrc: -X
Tuples only (no header/footer): -t
File containing SQL query: -f
Output file: -o
EDITED: Using -F
Use commas via -F and use "unaligned table output mode" -A:
psql my_database -U myuser -A -F , -c "select * from mytable"
To specify a tsv use the delimiter '\t'
psql my_database -U myuser -F'\t' --no-align -f mysqlfile.sql -o outputfile.tsv
To specify a csv use the delimiter ','
psql my_database -U myuser -F',' --no-align -f mysqlfile.sql -o outputfile.csv
The simplest way (using psql) seems to be by using --csv flag:
psql --csv -c "SELECT * FROM sometable"
Also possible is the copy command which allows you to specify header, delimiters and quoting options
psql my_database -U my_user -c "copy (select a.id,b.id from my_table_a as a inner join my_table_b as b on b.id = a.id) to STDOUT"
You can specify the field separator with the -F command line parameter to psql
Export AS TSV WITH HEADER
You can include the HEADER as follows:
\COPY (SELECT * FROM tca) TO '/.../metab/tca.tsv' WITH DELIMITER E'\t' CSV HEADER;
\COPY (SELECT * FROM tca) TO '/...a/metab/tca.tsv' WITH NULL AS '' DELIMITER E'\t' CSV HEADER;
E.g. (PSQL):
[metabolism]# \COPY (SELECT * FROM tca) TO '/mnt/Vancouver/programming/data/metabolism/tca.tsv' WITH NULL AS '' DELIMITER E'\t' CSV HEADER;
COPY 22
BASH:
[victoria#victoria tsv]$ pwd
/mnt/Vancouver/programming/data/metabolism/tsv
[victoria#victoria tsv]$ head -n3 tca.tsv
uuid src tgt rel rel_type
878b87de-0ca8-49a8-9f77-a24353e251d2 oxalosuccinic acid oxoglutaric acid 1.1.1.42 2
7fd9cf88-495b-491b-956e-294f19097923 isocitric acid oxoglutaric acid 1.1.1.41 2
[victoria#victoria csv]$