I am new to iPhone development and I would like to ask a question concerning asynchronous events.
Supposing I have a NSURLConnection and the correspoding delegate methods ie. didReceiveResponse, didFailWithError etc. The methods are called asynchronously when events are fired. Are all methods executed on the main thread? Or does the iOS create separate threads that execute the corresponding method code?
I am facing some random crashes to my app, and I guess that it is a synchronization issue.
The delegate methods of NSURLConnection are executed in the main thread. That is the whole reason behind being asynchronous, no need to have a separate thread.
About the internals, I/O is an inherently asynchronous world, so I also do not think that internally NSURLConnection uses threading. I suppose that it is the OS that manages the communication in a async way, but I am not sure about it.
Anyway, you can be sure that your delegate methods are executed from within the main thread.
Related
First of all, I am a a very new Objective C/Cocoa iOS Developer but I've written C/C++ applications before.
So I managed to run the Rabbitmq-c (http://hg.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-c/) client inside my iPhone App, and I can connect to Rabbitmq directly from my app and even consume a queue item. So all's good.
Now my problem is, my iPhone app needs to use the rabbitmq-c library to poll for incoming messages in from the server. Probably there will be, an almost infinite while loop.
Do I have to take this to a new thread? Ideally, I want to wrap the rabbitmq-c class as an Async objective C class and use NSNotification (or something similar) to notify my UI. I'm a bit leery of creating a new thread, as I read about stuffs like Runloop etc can solve a lot of problems without using an extra thread.
What is the best way for me to go about this? Any examples of code or directions would be helpful. Please remember, I am not dealing with an Objective C code/Coca rabbitmq library here, I'm using C code inside my iPhone app.
Thanks
Subrat
don't block the main thread with your server polling.
since the operation never ends, create your own thread and run loop for this server polling. you can potentially use the run loop (each thread has one) instead of the infinite while. the alternatives involve regularly spawning threads. it's easiest to just use one thread for this.
once you have an update, post the notification (if you choose NSNotification) from the main thread -- UIKit is meant to operate from the main thread only.
for samples, i'd begin with samples related to NSRunLoop and CFRunLoop.
good luck
You can also create custom delegates for updating the UI, or the stuff related to UIKit.
Notifications might be a little easier to code and offer the advantage that multiple objects can observe one notification. With delegates, such a thing cannot be done without modifying the delegating object (and is unusual).
Some advantages of delegating:
The connection between delegating object and delegate is made clearer, especially if implementing the delegate is mandatory.
If more than one type of message has to be passed from delegatee to delegate, delegating can make this clearer by specifying one delegate method per message.
Or other way is to write method to receive messages. This method can have infinite loop.
Later you can put this method in background thread like this.
[self performSelectorInBackground:#selector(receiveMessages) withObject:nil];
Suppose I have multiple NSOperation objects attached to a concurrent queue.
Within these NSOperations, I would call a synchronous method of NSURLConnectionClass, sendSynchronousRequest ... just to not mess up my code with tracing different connections from within a single delegate.
Apple says that sendSynchronousRequest ... is going to automatically create a separate thread with a run loop to trace NSURLConnection delegate messages.
But I already have several additional threads (running inside NSOperation)! So the question is: if I have, say, 10 NSOperation objects and each would call the synchronous method of NSURLConnection, will it produce 10 more additional ("automatically created") threads with run loops or there will be only one for all of them?
Don't worry about the thread that NSURLConnection creates. It is some internal detail. I'm pretty sure it is one global thread shared by all NSURLConnection instances.
I'm using NSURLConnection in an iPhone application and the interface seems to slow down after sending initWithRequest: to my NSURLConnection instance. I'm not sure if this is occurring because my processing code is taking a long time to handle the response, or if it's because NSURLConnection is blocking the main thread.
Can anyone confirm that NSURLConnection will create the connection and wait for data on a separate thread, and then call its delegate methods on the main thread?
Thanks!
NSURLConnection supports two modes of operation: asynchronous and synchronous. Neither uses separate threads at all. They both use just one thread, that being whatever thread you run them in.
In synchronous mode, NSURLConnection will block whatever thread you run it in. Asynchronous mode uses the run loop to behave (from the developer's perspective) similarly to a background thread but with lower overhead and without any thread-safety issues. If using asynchronous mode, you want to run it in the main thread. It won't block anything.
If your interface is slowing down, that is not consistent with using NSURLConnection synchronously, which would instead cause your interface to stop completely until the request is complete.
If you follow apples example on NSURLConnection the call will be handled in a different thread than the main thread.
I tried it, but I think this notification isn't coming. Is that the normal case?
No, this notification is sent by NSThread. If you're using ordinary pthreads, it won't be sent.
From the docs:
Protecting the Cocoa Frameworks For
multithreaded applications, Cocoa
frameworks use locks and other forms
of internal synchronization to ensure
they behave correctly. To prevent
these locks from degrading performance
in the single-threaded case, however,
Cocoa does not create them until the
application spawns its first new
thread using the NSThread class. If
you spawn threads using only POSIX
thread routines, Cocoa does not
receive the notifications it needs to
know that your application is now
multithreaded. When that happens,
operations involving the Cocoa
frameworks may destabilize or crash
your application.
To let Cocoa know that you intend to
use multiple threads, all you have to
do is spawn a single thread using the
NSThread class and let that thread
immediately exit. Your thread entry
point need not do anything. Just the
act of spawning a thread using
NSThread is enough to ensure that the
locks needed by the Cocoa frameworks
are put in place.
If you are not sure if Cocoa thinks
your application is multithreaded or
not, you can use the isMultiThreaded
method of NSThread to check.
It should also be noted that 'times have changed' since NSWillBecomeMultiThreadedNotification was added to Foundation. Multi-threaded programming is now much, much more common. It's now entirely within the realm of possibility, even likely, that you'll never see this notification posted in an app. Modern apps become multi-threaded very early in their life, possibly before any part of your code is ever executed. Also from the documentation:
If you are developing a Cocoa library,
you can register as an observer for
the
NSWillBecomeMultiThreadedNotification
if you want to be notified when the
application becomes multithreaded. You
should not rely on receiving this
notification, though, as it might be
dispatched before your library code is
ever called.
I'd use [NSThread isMultiThreaded] instead of relying on NSWillBecomeMultiThreadedNotification.
I am trying to work on application in which images should be loaded asynchronously.
Are there any examples related this?
I tried pokeb-asi to understand asynchronous transmission, and it works within that application fine.
But I want to know how to do it from scratch
I am facing following problems.
I don't know the exact way to do it?
what kind of files / frameworks should be added?
The ASIHTTPRequest class is a subclass of NSOperation, so it's typically used by adding the request to either an NSOperationQueue or an ASINetworkQueue. Each request is pulled off the queue, run in a background thread, and then the delegate for that request is notified via a callback method on the main thread.
You could wrap NSURLConnection in an NSOperation and achieve the same thing, however NSURLConnection has an asynchronous API which may suit your needs a bit better.
Try:
http://allseeing-i.com/ASIHTTPRequest/Setup-instructions