i have a 1and1 hosting account and would like to install some Perl CPAN modules that are not part of the standard host package. Is it possible to install modules without ROOT access? If so, how do i do that? Thanks for the pointers in advance.
cpanminus is quickly becoming the choice interface for CPAN. It supports installing packages in to the user's home directory.
Its usage is frightening simple. To install the cpanminus package locally:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - App::cpanminus
To install an arbitrary package:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - Lingua::Romana::Perligata
Remember to add the user's local library to the PERL5LIB environment variable.
export PERL5LIB=$HOME/perl5/lib/perl5:$PERL5LIB
I would suggest you use perlbrew and install a whole build of Perl in your account, not just modules. Less headaches that way, especially when the provider decides to update the system Perl.
This is an excellent article about installing perl modules as a regular (non-root) user:
Installing Perl Modules as a Non-Root User
For installing modules to a local directory, you can use local::lib.
As already said: local::lib
cpanm --local-lib=~/Program/Perl/Lib Tk
Related
I've got perlbrew installed on OS X fine, and can install Perl modules from CPAN, using 'cpanm' no problem.
But, now I'm attempting to install a Perl module provided from a software vendor, and that PM is not on CPAN - you download it from their application and install it "locally".
I'm not sure how to accomplish this with perlbrew ?
The documentation states to do a direct install, download the tar.gz file, extract it, then:
cd Infoblox-xxxxxxx/
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
But if I do this, I guess it will install it for the OS Perl version, not my perlbrew install.
The other option mentioned is to create a local CPAN site and add the appliance URL (to grab the Perl module) to the list of sites. Is this possible with perlbrew ?
Thanks !
cd Infoblox-xxxxxxx/
perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
But if I do this, I guess it will install it for the OS Perl version, not my perlbrew install.
If you are using perlbrew to select your perl, it should install in the appropriate location for the perl you selected.
which perl will tell you which perl you are using.
If you want to use a specific perl without leaving things to perlbrew, you can always invoke the specific perl you want using its full path:
cd Infoblox-xxxxxxx/
~/perl5/.../bin/perl Makefile.PL
make
make install
I'm taking a look into Perl as a total beginner. I want to try some CPAN modules.
When I run an install command on my Osx console, CPAN asks for a configuration with the following statement :
To install modules, you need to configure a local Perl library
directory or escalate your privileges. CPAN can help you by
bootstrapping the local::lib module or by configuring itself to use
'sudo' (if available). You may also resolve this problem manually if
you need to customize your setup.
What approach do you want? (Choose 'local::lib', 'sudo' or 'manual')
What is the difference between local::lib and sudo options ?
If I understand it well, it installs some modules locally on my computer. But I don't see any difference between the two config above.
If you use sudo, CPAN will use root to install the libraries in a central location where all users on the machine can access the files without any special configuration. If you use 'local::lib', it will create a library in your home directory and install the modules such that only perl programs that have been configured to look for modules in your home directory will find the modules.
Perl uses the special variable #INC to search for module paths. So you can install modules anywhere as long as you set #INC properly before you use them. This article explains the basics.
http://www.symkat.com/find-a-perl-modules-path
You can do all kinds of fun stuff with #INC; one of my favorite hacks it to put a function pointer in there and use custom perl code to lookup modules.
Good question. When you use local::lib, you can install Modules via CPAN User specific in an given directory. Assume you choose sudo as approach, you install Modules global.
Its like installing Node.js via npm. When you install a module with npm install -g <Modul>, its global installed and you can use it everywhere. But withouth that -g flag, its just available inside your current directory.
Its about the same here, except that you choose the default way of installing CPAN Modules.
How do I update all my CPAN modules to their latest versions?
An alternative method to using upgrade from the default CPAN shell is to use cpanminus and cpan-outdated.
These are so easy and nimble to use that I hardly ever go back to CPAN shell. To upgrade all of your modules in one go, the command is:
cpan-outdated -p | cpanm
I recommend you install cpanminus like the docs describe:
curl -L https://cpanmin.us | perl - App::cpanminus
And then install cpan-outdated along with all other CPAN modules using cpanm:
cpanm App::cpanoutdated
BTW: If you are using perlbrew then you will need to repeat this for every Perl you have installed under it.
You can find out more about cpanminus and cpan-outdated at the Github repos here:
https://github.com/miyagawa/cpanminus
https://github.com/tokuhirom/cpan-outdated
An easy way to upgrade all Perl packages (CPAN modules) is the following way:
cpan upgrade /(.*)/
cpan will recognize the regular expression like this and will update/upgrade all packages installed.
For Strawberry Perl, try:
cpan -u
Try perl -MCPAN -e "upgrade /(.\*)/". It works fine for me.
upgrade
BTW there is a help command.
Here is my situation: I know almost nothing about Perl but it is the only language available on a porting machine. I only have permissions to write in my local work area and not the Perl install location. I need to use the Parallel::ForkManager Perl module from CPAN
How do I use this Parallel::ForkManager without doing a central install? Is there an environment variable that I can set so it is located?
Thanks
JD
From perlfaq8: How do I keep my own module/library directory?:
When you build modules, tell Perl where to install the modules.
For C-based distributions, use the INSTALL_BASE option
when generating Makefiles:
perl Makefile.PL INSTALL_BASE=/mydir/perl
You can set this in your CPAN.pm configuration so modules automatically install
in your private library directory when you use the CPAN.pm shell:
% cpan
cpan> o conf makepl_arg INSTALL_BASE=/mydir/perl
cpan> o conf commit
For C-based distributions, use the --install_base option:
perl Build.PL --install_base /mydir/perl
You can configure CPAN.pm to automatically use this option too:
% cpan
cpan> o conf mbuild_arg --install_base /mydir/perl
cpan> o conf commit
INSTALL_BASE tells these tools to put your modules into
F. See L for details on how to run your newly
installed moudles.
There is one caveat with INSTALL_BASE, though, since it acts
differently than the PREFIX and LIB settings that older versions of
ExtUtils::MakeMaker advocated. INSTALL_BASE does not support
installing modules for multiple versions of Perl or different
architectures under the same directory. You should consider if you
really want that , and if you do, use the older PREFIX and LIB
settings. See the ExtUtils::Makemaker documentation for more details.
Download package form CPAN to a folder:
wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/S/SZ/SZABGAB/Parallel-ForkManager-1.06.tar.gz
gunzip Parallel-ForkManager-1.06.tar.gz
tar -xvf Parallel-ForkManager-1.06.tar
before this create a folder in home to store your local modules, now go into downloaded folder and run follwing cmmands:
perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/home/username/myModules
make
make test
make install
get the path to ForkManager from the installed folder,/home/username/myModules
and locate Parallel folder and get the full path to this.
Now in your perl file put these at the beggining
use lib '/home/username/myModules/bin.../Parallel';
use parallel::ForkManager;
--That should do it.
Check out this post from Mark Dominus
Excerpt:
Set PREFIX=X when building the Makefile
Set INSTALLDIRS=vendor and VENDORPREFIX=X when building the Makefile
Or maybe instead of VENDORPREFIX you need to set INSTALLVENDORLIB or something
Or maybe instead of setting them while building the Makefile you need to set them while running the make install target
Set LIB=X/lib when building the Makefile
Use PAR
Use local::lib
Mark also gives another solution in his blog which takes a bit more space to desribe but boils down to running make and make test but not make install and then using the stuff in blib/.
There's the PERL5LIB environment variable, and -I on the command line when it comes to using the module. There are mechanisms for telling CPAN and CPANPLUS.
There is information in question 5 of the CPAN manual (perldoc CPAN, or look at CPAN itself).
use lib 'directory';
use Parallel::ForkManager;
You can use the -I (capital i) command-line switch followed by the directory where you'll place the module; or try the "use lib" directive followed by the directory.
Yes Even You Can Use CPAN
perl Makefile.PL LIB=/my/perl_modules/lib/
make
make install
PERL5LIB=$PERL5LIB:/my/perl_modules/lib/
perl myperlcode.pl
use cpanm -l $DIR_NAME option.
perlbrew lets you use a local perl and installs it's packages to a local directory.
\curl -L https://install.perlbrew.pl | bash
perlbrew init # put this in .bash_profile etc
perlbrew install 5.27.11
perlbrew switch 5.27.11
See also https://opensource.com/article/18/7/perlbrew.
Consider using cpanminus, a suggested on this other thread
Is it possible?
If you download the source code, and read the README file. This will probably tell you you should do
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
or
perl Build.PL
./Build
./Build test
./Build install
If you download the source code, it will generally have a Makefile.PL. You run "perl Makefile.PL; make; make test; make install" and it will build and install for you.
Obviously if you're not using CPAN.pm, you're going to have to deal with dependencies yourself.
Also, if the reason you can't use CPAN.pm is that you don't have permission to install into /usr/lib/perl, you can force CPAN.pm to install locally, but I forget how.
If you are on a Linux box, a very large portion of the packages can usually be obtained using the built in package manager. For instance, on an Ubuntu system, if you want to install the PostgreSQL Perl module you'd simple do:
sudo apt-get install libpg-perl
You can see a list of the modules for Ubuntu here: http://packages.ubuntu.com/hardy/perl/
I find I can often guess at the names myself. Not sure if this helps at all, but for myself I often find this easier to use than CPAN as it does a lot better at resolving dependencies.
See here: How to install perl modules using CPAN without root
I have just set this up on a server without root access and CPAN does everything automatically.
But if you really wanna install a module without CPAN and you don't have root (assuming this since you don't wanna use CPAN), you can do it as follows
perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=$HOME
make
make install
You're gonna have to hunt down dependencies yourself so it's better to use CPAN.
If the problem is no root access, I would recommend looking at local::lib and also this webpage for CPAN.pm and non-root installation.
But to answer the question as asked, CPAN or CPANPLUS are helpful, but they aren't required. You can always do it the old-fashioned way as Leon says - though usually, it's easier not to.
If you are using Red Hat (Fedora, CentOS), you should use RPM for Perl dependencies wherever possible. Perl packages are almost always named perl-Module-Name, e.g. perl-DBI, perl-Spreadsheet-WriteExcel, etc.
On Ubuntu the naming scheme is libmodule-name-perl.
If the .pm file is pure Perl and doesn't need to be compiled you can just put it in your application's lib folder and use it as normal.
We can install all perl modules both from and even with your terminal in ubuntu. If you are using a ubuntu server then execute the following command ,
'sudo apt-get install "perl_module"'
The modules which you want just give the name in "perl_module" means If you want to install Apache2::Cookie it will be in "libapreq2" so you have to give like,
"sudo apt-get install libapreq2"
I, as others have would highly suggest using CPAN.pm. It is a breeze to use and can resolve any dependencies associated with the module you need automatically.
On the other hand, I would suggest that you read the perlmodinstall document over at perldoc as it gives details on other os' as well.
Regards,
Jeff
If you're asking this because you're having problems with CPAN... you're probably running out of RAM that's why you can't use CPAN.
Maybe you don't have a swap file. Try this:
$ sudo su
# dd if=/dev/zero of=/swap bs=1M count=1k # create a 1GB file
# mkswap /swap
# swapon /swap
Otherwise... stop some services.
$ sudo service mysql stop
$ sudo service nginx stop
...And try again
$ cpan install CPAN
$ cpan install MIME::Lite::TT::HTML