I try to extract digits with sed:
echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | sed 's/.*\([0-9]\+\).*/\1/g'
but result is:
5
How to extract: 678 and 45?
Thanks in advance!
The problem is that the . in .* will match digits as well as non-digits, and it keeps on matching as long as it can -- that is as long as there's one digit left unconsumed that can match the [0-9].
Instead of extracting digits, just delete non-digits:
echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | sed 's/[^0-9]//g'
or even
echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | tr -d -c 0-9
You may use grep with option -o for this:
$ echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | grep -E -o "[0-9]+"
678
45
Or use tr:
$ echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | tr -d [a-z]
678 45
.* in sed is greedy. And there are no non-greedy option AFAIK.(You must use [^0-9]* in this case for non-greedy matching. But this works only once, so you will get only 678 without 45.)
If you must use only sed, it would not be easy to get the result.
I recommend to use gnu’s grep
$ echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | grep -oP '\d+'
678
45
If you really want to stick to sed, this would be one of many possible answers.
$ echo hgdfjg678gfdg kjg45nn | \
sed -e 's/\([0-9^]\)\([^0-9]\)/\1\n\2/g' | \
sed -n 's/[^0-9]*\([0-9]\+\).*/\1/p’
678
45
Related
This is mostly by curiosity, I am trying to have the same behavior as:
echo -e "test1:test2:test3"| sed 's/:/\n/g' | grep 1
in a single sed command.
I already tried
echo -e "test1:test2:test3"| sed -e "s/:/\n/g" -n "/1/p"
But I get the following error:
sed: can't read /1/p: No such file or directory
Any idea on how to fix this and combine different types of commands into a single sed call?
Of course this is overly simplified compared to the real usecase, and I know I can get around by using multiple calls, again this is just out of curiosity.
EDIT: I am mostly interested in the sed tool, I already know how to do it using other tools, or even combinations of those.
EDIT2: Here is a more realistic script, closer to what I am trying to achieve:
arch=linux64
base=https://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com
split="<Contents>"
curl $base \
| sed -e 's/<Contents>/<Contents>\n/g' \
| grep $arch \
| sed -e 's/^<Key>\(.*\)\/chromedriver.*/\1/' \
| sort -V > out
What I would like to simplify is the curl line, turning it into something like:
curl $base \
| sed 's/<Contents>/<Contents>\n/g' -n '/1/p' -e 's/^<Key>\(.*\)\/chromedriver.*/\1/' \
| sort -V > out
Here are some alternatives, awk and sed based:
sed -E "s/(.*:)?([^:]*1[^:]*).*/\2/" <<< "test1:test2:test3"
awk -v RS=":" '/1/' <<< "test1:test2:test3"
# or also
awk 'BEGIN{RS=":"} /1/' <<< "test1:test2:test3"
Or, using your logic, you would need to pipe a second sed command:
sed "s/:/\n/g" <<< "test1:test2:test3" | sed -n "/1/p"
See this online demo. The awk solution looks cleanest.
Details
In sed solution, (.*:)?([^:]*1[^:]*).* pattern matches an optional sequence of any 0+ chars and a :, then captures into Group 2 any 0 or more chars other than :, 1, again 0 or more chars other than :, and then just matches the rest of the line. The replacement just keeps Group 2 contents.
In awk solution, the record separator is set to : and then /1/ regex is used to only return the record having 1 in it.
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed 's/:/\n/;/^[^\n]*1/P;D' file
Replace each : and if the first line in the pattern space contains 1 print it.
Repeat.
An alternative:
sed -Ez 's/:/\n/g;s/^[^1]*$//mg;s/\n+/\n/;s/^\n//' file
This slurps the whole file into memory and replaces all colons by newlines. All lines that do not contain 1 are removed and surplus newlines deleted.
An alternative to the really ugly sed is: grep -o '\w*2\w*'
$ printf "test1:test2:test3\nbob3:bob2:fred2\n" | grep -o '\w*2\w*'
test2
bob2
fred2
grep -o: only matching
Or: grep -o '[^:]*2[^:]*'
echo -e "test1:test2:test3" | sed -En 's/:/\n/g;/^[^\n]*2[^\n]*(\n|$)/P;//!D'
sed -n doesn't print unless told to
sed -E allows using parens to match (\n|$) which is newline or the end of the pattern space
P prints the pattern buffer up to the first newline.
D trims the pattern buffer up to the first newline
[^\n] is a character class that matches anything except a newline
// is sed shorthand for repeating a match
//! is then matching everything that didn't match previously
So, after you split into newlines, you want to make sure the 2 character is between the start of the pattern buffer ^ and the first newline.
And, if there is not the character you are looking for, you want to D delete up to the first newline.
At that point, it works for one line of input, with one string containing the character you're looking for.
To expand to several matches within a line, you have to ta, conditionally branch back to label :a:
$ printf "test1:test2:test3\nbob3:bob2:fred2\n" | \
sed -En ':a s/:/\n/g;/^[^\n]*2[^\n]*(\n|$)/P;D;ta'
test2
bob2
fred2
This is simply NOT a job for sed. With GNU awk for multi-char RS:
$ echo "test1:test2:test3:test4:test5:test6"| awk -v RS='[:\n]' '/1/'
test1
$ echo "test1:test2:test3:test4:test5:test6"| awk -v RS='[:\n]' 'NR%2'
test1
test3
test5
$ echo "test1:test2:test3:test4:test5:test6"| awk -v RS='[:\n]' '!(NR%2)'
test2
test4
test6
$ echo "foo1:bar1:foo2:bar2:foo3:bar3" | awk -v RS='[:\n]' '/foo/ || /2/'
foo1
foo2
bar2
foo3
With any awk you'd just have to strip the \n from the final record before operating on it:
$ echo "test1:test2:test3:test4:test5:test6"| awk -v RS=':' '{sub(/\n$/,"")} /1/'
test1
In my script, have a possible version number: 15.03.2 set to variable $STRING. These numbers always change. I want to strip it down to: 15.03 (or whatever it will be next time).
How do I remove everything after the second . using sed?
Something like:
$(echo "$STRING" | sed "s/\.^$\.//")
(I don't know what ^, $ and others do, but they look related, so I just guessed.)
I think the better tool here is cut
echo '15.03.2' | cut -d . -f -2
This might work for you (GNU sed):
sed 's/\.[^.]*//2g' file
Remove the second or more occurrence of a period followed by zero or non-period character(s).
$ echo '15.03.2' | sed 's/\([^.]*\.[^.]*\)\..*/\1/'
15.03
More generally to skip N periods:
$ echo '15.03.2.3.4.5' | sed -E 's/(([^.]*\.){2}[^.]*)\..*/\1/'
15.03.2
$ echo '15.03.2.3.4.5' | sed -E 's/(([^.]*\.){3}[^.]*)\..*/\1/'
15.03.2.3
$ echo '15.03.2.3.4.5' | sed -E 's/(([^.]*\.){4}[^.]*)\..*/\1/'
15.03.2.3.4
echo "INFO|2016-11-06 18:44:07.577|G|SOME_THING_IN_CAPS|/something/pages1.html" | \
sed -rn "s/(.*\|)([0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2})\ ([0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}.[0-9]{3})\2\3/p"
Hi Guys,
i am trying to extract the date and time from the line above. Can you tell me what is missing?
I get this error, not sure how to troubleshoot it
sed: -e expression #1, char 81: unterminated `s' command
awk or cut is better suited for this task
$ s='INFO|2016-11-06 18:44:07.577|G|SOME_THING_IN_CAPS|/something/pages1.html'
$ echo "$s" | awk -F\| '{print $2}'
2016-11-06 18:44:07.577
$ echo "$s" | cut -d\| -f2
2016-11-06 18:44:07.577
The is no substitution string in your command. The s command must contain 3 delimiters: s/pattern/string/.
Try this:
$ echo "INFO|2016-11-06 18:44:07.577|G|SOME_THING_IN_CAPS|/something/pages1.html" | sed -rn "s/.*\|([0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}.[0-9]{3}).*/\1/p"
2016-11-0618:44:07.577
Moreover, as pointed out in comments:
you just need one capturing group for date and time
dots characters must be escaped in pattern (\.[0-9]{3}, not .[0-9]{3}), but not space characters ({2} [0-9], not {2}\ [0-9]
I can chain multiple sed substitutions and a awk operation to achieve this, but is there a single sed substitution that can do it?
Also is there any other tool that is more suitable for this parsing task?
You could try:
sed -r 's!rec:id=(.*?)&name=(.*?)&age=(.*?)!\1 \2 \3!' input_file
If you don't know the rec:id etc in advance but you know there's three, you could try:
sed -r 's![^=]+=(.*?)&[^=]+=(.*?)&[^=]+=(.*?)!\1 \2 \3!' input_file
If you don't know how many &name=value pairs you're after in advance but want to output all the values, you could try something like:
grep -P -o '(?<==)([^&]*)(?=&|$)' | xargs
where the -P means 'perl regex', the regex says "find the string followed by an & (or end of string) and preceded by and equals sign", the -o means to print just the matches (ie the 1, zz, and 21) each on their own line, and the | xargs moves these from their own line to one line and space separated (ie 1\nzz\n21 to 1 zz 21).
This might work for you:
echo "rec:id=1&name=zz&age=21" | sed 's/[^=]*=\([^&]*\)/\1 /g'
1 zz 21
However this leaves an extra space at the end, to solve this use:
echo "rec:id=1&name=zz&age=21"|sed 's/[^=]*=\([^&]*\)/\1 /g:;s/ $//'
1 zz 21
How about parsing the values directly into variables?
inbound="rec:id=1&name=zz&age=21"
eval $(echo $inbound | cut -c5- | tr \& "\n")
echo "Name:$name, ID:$id, Age:$age"
Or even better, though slightly more arcane:
inbound="rec:id=1&name=zz&age=21"
IFS=\& eval $(cut -c5- <<< $inbound)
echo "Name:$name, ID:$id, Age:$age"
To use regex syntax in sed, you have to put in \ before (, {, etc. to use them as special characters. For example:
~ > echo 123 | sed 's/[0-9]{2}/x/'
123
vs.
~ > echo 123 | sed 's/[0-9]\{2\}/x/'
x3
This is the reverse of what I'm used to. Is there any way to make characters have special meanings by default?
Try:
echo 123 | sed -r 's/[0-9]{2}/x/'
If your sed doesn't have -r:
echo 123 | perl -pe 's/[0-9]{2}/x/'