perl DBI module installation is erroring out.
Installed perl 5.32.1 in non standard location, using -Dinstallprefix option
./Configure -Dinstallprefix=/test/user/home/perl -des
make
make test
make install
/test/user/home/perl/bin/perl -version
This is perl 5, version 32, subversion 1 (v5.32.1) built for x86_64-linux
Set PERL5LIB env variable
export PERL5LIB="/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1:/test/user/home/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1:/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux"
which perl
/test/user/home/perl/bin/perl
Downloaded DBI-1.643 archive, after extraction execution of Makefile.PL is failing
perl Makefile.PL
Warning: PERL_LIB (/perl/lib/5.32.1) seems not to be a perl library directory
(strict.pm not found) at /test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/ExtUtils/MM_Unix.pm line 1934.
Have /test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux
Want /perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux
Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the
architecture they are running on.
Perl thinks: [x86_64-linux]
Config says: [x86_64-linux]
This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl
if you have problems building this extension.
Can't stat /perl/lib/5.32.1: No such file or directory
at Makefile.PL line 280.
Can't stat /perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux: No such file or directory
at Makefile.PL line 280.
Failed to opendir '/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux/CORE' to find header files: No such file or directory at /test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/ExtUtils/MM_Any.pm line 3048.
Found non existing paths are referred from #INC
perl -e "print \"#INC\""
/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1 /test/user/home/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1 /test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux
/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1 /perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/5.32.1
Can someone guide me where from #INC getting these non existing paths
/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1 /perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/5.32.1
are there any way to restrict #INC to append non existing paths?
I think you want just -Dprefix=/.... There are other things that need to end up in the right place too. You shouldn't need to set PERL5LIB though because perl should be using your prefix as its default #INC. What does your perl -V show?
There is an installprefix, but it's aimed at compiling on one machine and installing on another. However, the INSTALL docs also recommend against using that. Is that what you are trying to do?
As for the other directories, the INSTALL docs describe the various directories that show up in #INC.
Thank you #brian for pointing me in right direction.
Following was the root cause behind #INC contains non existing directories.
Last time during perl installation at least one time I ran following command
./Configure -des -Dprefix=/perl
Use relocatable #INC? [n]
Pathname where the private library files will reside? (~name ok)
[/perl/lib/5.32.1]
Where do you want to put the public architecture-dependent libraries? (~name ok)
[/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux]
Pathname for the site-specific library files? (~name ok)
[/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1]
Pathname for the site-specific architecture-dependent library files? (~name ok)
[/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1/x86_64-linux]
then executed make command. Later on make test failed for other error.
Then without running make distclean command, I re ran Configure with
-Dinstallprefix option
./Configure -Dinstallprefix=/test/user/home/perl -des
This populate #INC as follows
/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1 /test/user/home/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1 /test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux
/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1 /perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux /perl/lib/5.32.1
To fix this issue executed following steps,
make distclean
./Configure -des -Dprefix=/test/user/home/perl -Dusethreads
now #INC is populated correct
#INC:
/test/user/home/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1/x86_64-linux-thread-multi
/test/user/home/perl/lib/site_perl/5.32.1
/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1/x86_64-linux-thread-multi
/test/user/home/perl/lib/5.32.1
Now DBI installation ran successfully.
I am executing a Perl script that makes use of use Tcl;. This currently invokes tcl8.4.
When I check my lib path, tcl8.5 is also found. I want use Tcl; to use tcl8.5 instead of tcl8.4. Can any one help me please?
From looking at the distro's Makefile.PL, I believe it uses a tclshX.Y found when the module is installed.
If a newer version 8.5 of Tcl has been installed since you installed the module, you could try to reinstall the module.
wget https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/V/VK/VKON/Tcl-1.27.tar.gz
tar xvzf Tcl-1.27.tar.gz
cd Tcl-1.27
perl Makefile.PL
make test
make install
If that isn't sufficient, this module's Makefile.PL accepts arguments that help locate the correct tclsh. As mentioned in the distro's README file, you can see the accepted options using the following:
perl Makefile.PL --help
I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.
I've found myself on CentOS without root access, and with a very lame Perl that doesn't even have ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
Does there exist something that could produce an archive of a module's dependencies, for my to unwrap into a directory that I could put into #INC?
use App::cpanminus
cd ~/bin
curl -LO http://xrl.us/cpanm
chmod +x cpanm
export ROOT=/some/directory
export PERL5LIB=${ROOT}/lib/perl5
Then, install ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::CoreList. You can't do a simple installation because these modules are used by cpanm, and it doesn't look in the unpacked source directory for them. So, get cpanm to download them, and do a semi-manual install. It actually installs three distributions (the above two and ExtUtils::Install), which is why you get to invoke the build mantra three times:
PERL_MM_OPT=INSTALLBASE=$ROOT ./cpanm -L $ROOT --look ExtUtils::MakeMaker Module::CoreList
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
It unpacks and cds into each distribution's directory successively. At least that's what happens on a bare-bones CentOS 6 install I just happen to have lying around.
After that, you should be able to install your module and its dependencies via
./cpanm -L $ROOT <module name, or url, or tarball goes here>
Look at the cpanm docs for more info.
You could use perlbrew to innstall a full new Perl with user access.
http://perlbrew.pl/
#install perlbrew
wget -O - http://install.perlbrew.pl | bash
# install new perl for youurself
perlbrew install perl-5.16.0
# set aliases
perlbrew switch perl-5.16.0
#reinstall all moodules for new perl http://perlbrew.pl/Reinstall-All-Modules-On-New-Perl.html
perlbrew list-modules | perlbrew exec --with perl-5.16.0 cpanm
#how to install/recompile third party modules
https://github.com/lecstor/DevNotes/wiki/Image-Magick-with-Perlbrew
Regards,
Download and untar ExtUtils::MakeMaker, create a directory lib under your home directory, install via:
perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~/lib LIB=~/lib
Now that module is installed I suggest you use local::lib (easy install via the bootstrap method in the documentation) to install modules:
perl -MCPAN -Mlocal::lib -e 'CPAN::install(MIME::Lite)' # Replace MIME::Lite with what you want to install.
Here MIME::Lite gets installed via cpan to your local lib directory.
Prelbrew won't take long to set up, and you likely have an easier time of things in the long run.
Edit, too long for comment.
#LeeGee Perhaps I wasn't specific enough.
The method described will allow you to get around the restricted version of perl you have access to, and allow installaton of modules to another location.
If you want to package your app on another machine you could use either PAR or pp to create a standalone package of code & modules, or a stand alone executable.
Failing that Module::ScanDeps will find a scripts dependencies
While trying to do:
perl -I'/v1/data/site_perl' -MCPAN -e 'install Log::Dispatch';
I continue to get "Can't locate Params/Validate.pm in #INC." When looking at the output, /v1/data/site_perl is NOT in the #INC displayed, even though I used -I.
I am not root so I have changed my CPAN config so that:
'makepl_arg' => q[LIB=/v1/data/site_perl INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR=/v1/data/site_perl/man/man1 INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR=/v1/data/site_perl/man/man3 INSTALLMAN1DIR=/v1/data/site_perl/man/man1 INSTALLMAN3DIR=/v1/data/site_perl/man/man3]
So even LIB is set.
In a basic script I have:
use lib '/v1/data/site_perl';
use Params::Validate;
With no problems.
How do I make the Log::Dispatch use lib /v1/data/site_perl without a force install? What am I missing?
I believe CPAN.pm likes to call a lot of sub-processes for various tasks, and these end up starting new perls, which will not inherit your -I flag. Instead, try setting a PERL5LIB environment variable, e.g.
PERL5LIB='/v1/data/site_perl' perl -MCPAN -e 'install Log::Dispatch'
Another strategy to consider is to simply build a complete Perl installation in your local directory -- then use that perl's CPAN utilities. They will already have all your own paths built-in. This is the way I tend to do it.
You cannot install into a different CPAN directory using a simple -I flag. You can use the local::lib package to install a local set of libraries, or see this question and this question.