I am working on a new website and have put a set width into my css file. I have a requirement to make the site adaptable and resizable to fit the smaller screens of phones and various tablet devices.
What in my css styles has to be set so that the site best adapts to the other screen sizes?
You will want to use media queries. This is the whole basis behind responsive design.
#media only screen and (max-device-width: 480px) {
/* write smartphone styles here */
}
#media only screen and (max-device-width: 768px) {
/* tablets in portrait mode */
}
#media only screen and (max-device-width: 1024px) {
/* tablets in landscape mode and smaller/older monitors */
}
Take a look here:
http://coding.smashingmagazine.com/2010/07/19/how-to-use-css3-media-queries-to-create-a-mobile-version-of-your-website/
Related
I am developing a smartphone friendly version of a website and I am facing a little problem while working with the media query for the smartphone landscape orientation. For the portrait orientation, I am using the following media query and it's working perfectly fine:
#media only screen and (max-width : 320px) { style goes here }
but when i am using this media query for the landscape orientation (taken from css-tricks.com), the styles which I write for the landscape orientation overwrite the styles which I've put in for the desktop version of my website.
#media only screen and (min-width : 321px) { style goes here }
This is only happening when I am inserting styles for the landscape orientation, this doesn't happen when I assign styles for the portrait orientation.
P.S I am doing the testing on an iPhone 4.
You need to set a max-width for your landscape orientation, this won't overwrite your desktop styles until the width is lower than 800px:
#media only screen and (min-width : 321px) and (max-width: 800px) { style goes here }
The other possibility is to wrap your desktop styles into another query and copy them below your portrait and landscape styles:
/* PORTRAIT STYLES */
#media only screen and (max-width : 320px) { style goes here }
/* LANDSCAPE STYLES */
#media only screen and (min-width : 321px) { style goes here }
/* DESKTOP STYLES */
#media only screen and (min-width : 800px) { style goes here }
Note that the Landscape styles will be used for the Desktop version. Sometimes this is a welcome behaviour.
I am building a responsive page at the moment but I have a problem.
For larger screen sizes I want to enlarge stuff like headings. This works, but testing the page on my iPhone in landscape mode, the headings are too big.
Why the iPhone in portrait triggers a media query for larger screens? Well, the CSS rule that enlarges the headings is enclosed in this media query:
#media only screen and (min-width: 30em) {
/* 480 pixel */
}
and the iPhone screen in landscape is 480px wide. So I tried to do it like this:
#media only screen and (min-width: 30em) not (orientation: landscape) {
/* 480 pixel* /
}
Now it works on my iPhone, but the headings aren't enlarged anymore on my MacBook. Probably it's just some kind of logical error, but where am I going wrong?
Try replacing not (orientation:landscape) with and (orientation:portrait). That failing, try changing the em values to px values. Some browsers don't play nice with em yet, so it's worth a shot.
EDIT: Why not just break it up into separate styles?
#media all and (min-width:480px) and (orientation:landscape) {
// styles for desktops, mouse-friendly interface
}
#media all and (min-width:480px) and (orientation:portrait) {
// styles for mobiles, touch-friendly interface
}
I'm trying to target mobile devices (specifically the iPad and iPhone) but using CSS3 media queries the same styling is added to other devices with the same resolution, such as laptops. How can I add mobile device specific styling without adding it to other non-mobile devices too?
So far I'm using this, which adds the css to all devices that are 1024px wide and under, even with the orientation selector:
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (orientation:portrait),
(max-device-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape){
// Do something
}
EDIT:
For anyone interested, I got this to work just by duplicating the media query but altering the duplicate slightly. It's by far the most efficient way of doing it but the main thing is it works:
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (orientation:portrait),
(max-device-width: 1024px) and (orientation:landscape){
// some styling
}
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (orientation:portrait),
(max-device-width: 768px) and (orientation:portrait){
// some styling
}
Maybe a look at this, at the section "7.3 Recognized media types", will help you.
Yup: desktop browsers support the orientation media query too.
I don’t think media queries provide a way to detect whether a device is the iPad or the iPhone. They allow you to inspect features of the device (like its width and orientation), rather than identify the device.
What makes your styles inappropriate for non-iPad devices?
I found that all you need is the second media query in your edit:
#media only screen and (min-device-width: 320px) and (orientation: portrait),
(max-device-width: 768px) and (orientation: portrait) {
// some styling
}
It worked like a charm!
I'm building a responsive design and everything is fine apart from I can't seem to target iPhone 3g users.
I've added the following media queries but the first one (max-width:320px) doesn't seem to work
#media screen and (max-width: 320px) {
// STYLES GO HERE
}
#media screen and (min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 640px) {
//STYLES GO HERE
}
Am I doing something wrong?
Try max-device-width (max-device-width: 320px); I haven't tried it specifically for non-retina display iPhones, but have found it to help when targeting the iPhone 4 specifically.
I haven't done any iPhone version yet, so I have this question,
In order to be able to browse the website properly -even if the user turns 90º his phone:
Shall i CSS set with's in px or in % ?
If you are programatically targeting the iOS devices such as the iPhone & iTouch then i would use pixels opposed to percentages, but if you are not targeting such devices and want a one stop mobile website for all (most smart-phones) then i would consider using percentages.
you can specificy min-width max-width and min-device-width and max-device-width in your media queries.
Here is a little more about media queries and the combinations that you can do;
/* Target iPhone Portrait */
#media screen and (max-width: 320px) and (orientation: portrait) { body{background:#F0F;} }
/* Target Android Portrait larger than 320px Width */
#media screen and (min-width: 321px) and (max-width: 480px) and (orientation: portrait) { body{background:#F00;} }
/* Target iPhone Landscape */
#media screen and (max-width: 480px) and (orientation: landscape) { body{background:#0F0;} }
/* Target Android Landscape */
#media screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 800px) and (orientation: landscape) { body{background:#FF0;} }
You can use % with one css class, and the size of components will be adjusted automatically.
You can also use px with two classes, one for portrait, one for landscape :
body[orient="portrait"] {
property: value;
}
body[orient="landscape"] {
property: value;
}
Personally I would use %, rather than px...
You will want the page to become 100% which ever way this is rotated, and then shift the content around accordingly.
The New York Times uses %, as you can see where the page is Landscape you are zoomed in further than Portrait.
If you are building a non specific website for iPhones (sub-domaine like iphone.mywebsite.com) I would suggest using CSS Media Queries as suggested by Xavier. It allows you to do much more than specify a min-width and max-width!
You can specify the type of device (but many devices aren't recognized like they should…) like: screen handheld print tv and many other
But most importantly you can also set if the browser window is in portait or landscape, it's resolution or aspect-ratio and so on…
As for % or px I'd definitely go for px, it's very difficult to have something working as you would wish using %. Because you don't necessarily want the same kind of information if your user comes with an iPhone or with an other device.
For exemple you could take out all the heavy images from your website for iPhone users because they'll probably be using a 3G connection and so making your site a lot faster to load!
A really nice example of what you can do with CSS Media Queries… unfortunately it0s not my work… :-(