I'm trying to run a PowerShell script using unattend.xml file for Windows Server 2012 R2 setup. I specified that PowerShell file to execute at specialise pass stage. Please check the below unattended script for PowerShell.
powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -noprofile -File "\\192.168.3.5\deploy\demo.ps1"
Everytime when I ran the setup using the unattended file it skips the PowerShell execution with the error. I have checked unattended log and found the below error code for the powershell execution.
Process returned with exit code 0xfffd0000
I have full control to the network shared path. Any idea on this?
One Year Later: I believe the error to be related to the "location" or Domain of the account being used. Depending on how you reference the account in your script, you may need to add the domain prefix or suffix to set the location context for the account referenced in the script DOM\username or username#domain.local
I have a PowerShell script which is written by me. I try to run the PowerShell script as below;
PS C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>c:\test\Test.ps1
So this is giving me an error saying:
File c:\test\Test.ps1 cannot be loaded because the execution of scripts is disabled on this system. Please see "get-help about_signing" for more details.
I found that setting Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted will fix the error.
But my questions are;
What is this signing is about?
Can we fix this error without setting Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted (doing a signing kind of a thing)? If so, how to do that?
Is there a security issue arise if I set Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted in my web server?
Set-ExecutionPolicy causes a system wide change. Scripts are possible security vulnerabilities, which is why all script execution is disabled by default. One possibility is to launch the PowerShell process from the command line with an execution policy that is only in effect for that specific session. The command line would be something like:
> powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -File "c:\test\Test.ps1"
You could combine this with signing by leaving the default policy to Restricted and launching PowerShell with RemoteSigned or AllSigned policy when needed. Some additional information on the powershell.exe command line options is here.
If you did what the instructions told you to do you would have gotten a help page that would have told you exactly what you need to do.
get-help about_signing
In summary, the computer has no way to tell that whoever wrote the script was a trustworthy person, so by default it does not run any untrustworthy scripts. The two ways to fix this is either allow scripts from unknown sources (the solution you found out about by using Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted) or by "signing" the script proving it came from a trustworthy source and has not been tampered with seance you got it from that source.
To sign your own code you will need a code signing certificate. Read that about_signing help and there is a section called CREATE A SELF-SIGNED CERTIFICATE that tells you how to do it.
After you have the certificate you need to sign your script. If you check that same help again there is a section called SIGN A SCRIPT that tells you how to do that too.
I have created the below batch file and it works flawlessly as long as I run it manually.
However, if I run the .bat file from a HTA application, PowerShell says that he can't run the script because it is not signed/not trusted: "File cannot be loaded because the execution of scripts is disabled on this system".
Is there any fix/workaround for this without having to actually sign the script?
Batch file:
C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -noexit -command ". '%cd%\temp_oooscript\wrapper.ps1'"
Thank you.
This problem is caused by Windows Execution-policy setting.
To check what policy is running type this command:
Get-ExecutionPolicy
You policy should be one of these 4:
Restricted - No scripts can be run. Windows PowerShell can be used only in interactive mode.
AllSigned - Only scripts signed by a trusted publisher can be run.
RemoteSigned - Downloaded scripts must be signed by a trusted publisher before they can be run.
Unrestricted - No restrictions; all Windows PowerShell scripts can be run.
Not sure you are running remotely or locally.
If locally then your policy might be "all signed".
If remotely then your policy might be "RemoteSigned" or "all signed".
To fix the problem, 2 ways:
Adjust the policy setting. Don't make it too loose like unrestricted (I assume it is a medium to large production environment). The same reason if this is true I don't pro the bypass way by Graimer.
If this is a lab or small and trusted env then "unrestricted" can be an option. Or the bypass method proposed by Graimer.
Get the script signed.You need to run some "makecert" stuff to generate the signature and then copy it to the machine. The following link might help:
http://www.hanselman.com/blog/SigningPowerShellScripts.aspx
Try setting the exeuctionpolicy for powershell to bypass when executing it. Like this:
C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe -noexit -executionpolicy bypass -command ". '%cd%\temp_oooscript\wrapper.ps1'"
The reason you're seing this is most likely because the HTA application is run as a 32 bit software, while your os is 64bit. Because the HTA app is running as 32 bit, it uses the powershell in C:\windows\syswow64\windowspowershell... (even though you specified system32 in your code). The execution policy there has is it's own setting, seperate from what you have in your normal 64-bit powershell.
The best way to fix it would be to sign the script using the PKI infrastructure in your enviroment. As a workaround you can use the code I provided above. The advantage for the workaround above is that the executionpolicy is only set to bypass ("disabled") for the PROCESS, and not as a default setting that could compromise security.
YES!! Found the bloody solution!! the HTA file needs to be run from through the mshta.exe from system32 instead of SysWOW64. Woohoo!!!
Since this question continues to attract responses that are either
refuted by the question body or don't address the actual problem,
please read this simple summary of what you need to know:
This is not a "Why won't my default installation of PowerShell run scripts?" question.
This is not a "Why won't my installation of PowerShell run scripts downloaded from the internet?" question.
The question is why the RemoteSigned execution policy is preventing script execution when it shouldn't.
RemoteSigned is the only execution policy I want to use. I am aware that other, less-restrictive policies are available. If
those policies were acceptable substitutes I would have just used them
instead and this question wouldn't exist.
The execution policy is already set to RemoteSigned. Changing it from RemoteSigned to RemoteSigned is not a solution.
The script file is created and stored locally.
The script file is not blocked. The script file was never blocked (see previous point).
The script file cannot be unblocked because there is nothing to unblock (see previous point).
The script file is (attempted to be) executed by an administrator.
Windows PowerShell is the only application involved. Not Windows PowerShell ISE nor Command Prompt nor any other tools or
editors are relevant.
The cause of the problem has already been identified (see accepted answer). After nearly 8 years, I think all other obvious
explanations, whether applicable or not, have been posted, too. If
you think otherwise then please read the question and existing
answers in their entirety before adding yours.
I am using Windows PowerShell 2.0 on 64-bit Windows 7 Professional. I have a script on my Desktop that causes the following error when I try to run it:
File C:\Users\UserName\Desktop\Script.ps1 cannot be loaded. The file C:\Users\UserName\Desktop\Script.ps1 is not digitally signed. The script will not execute on the system. Please see "get-help about_signing" for more details..
At line:1 char:54
+ C:\Users\UserName\Desktop\TestGetWindowsUpdateLog.ps1 <<<<
+ CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [], PSSecurityException
+ FullyQualifiedErrorId : RuntimeException
I am both a domain administrator and a local administrator, and if I run Get-ExecutionPolicy -List, I can see that the Group Policy Object I created to configure PowerShell is correctly applying the RemoteSigned execution policy at the machine level:
Scope ExecutionPolicy
----- ---------------
MachinePolicy RemoteSigned
UserPolicy Undefined
Process Undefined
CurrentUser Undefined
LocalMachine Undefined
I created the script myself in Notepad, and used the Sysinternals' streams utility and the file Properties dialog to confirm that the script is not being treated as having come from the internet. If I copy the script to a network share on a domain server, then it's allowed to execute. If I run Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted -Scope LocalMachine then the local script is still not allowed to execute, which makes sense since the execution policy at the MachinePolicy scope will take precedence.
As documented by about_Execution_Policies(current; at time of question), the RemoteSigned policy means:
Scripts can run.
Requires a digital signature from a trusted publisher on scripts and configuration files that are downloaded from the Internet
(including e-mail and instant messaging programs).
Does not require digital signatures on scripts that you have run and that you have written on the local computer (not downloaded from
the Internet).
Risks running unsigned scripts from sources other than the Internet and signed, but malicious, scripts.
My script is not signed, but since it is both created and executed locally, it should satisfy the third bullet point above. Therefore...
Why is my script not being allowed to run?
Why does PowerShell complain that my script "is not digitally signed" when that requirement should only apply to files from the Internet?
Why does PowerShell no longer care about the script not being signed when it's run from a network share?
Some things to check:
Can you change to unrestricted?
Set-ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted
Is the group policy set?
Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Windows PowerShell
User Configuration\Administrative Templates\Windows Components\Windows PowerShell
Also, how are you calling Script.ps1?
Does this allow it to run?
powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -file .\Script.ps1
Is the file being blocked? I had the same issue and was able to resolve it by right clicking the .PS1 file, Properties and choosing Unblock.
When you run a .ps1 PowerShell script you might get the message saying “.ps1 is not digitally signed. The script will not execute on the system.”
To fix it you have to run the command below to run Set-ExecutionPolicy and change the Execution Policy setting.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy Bypass
I have found out when running a PS1 file for a Mapped drive to Dropbox that I'm always getting this error. When opening up properties for the PS1 there is no "Unblock".
The only thing that work for me is
powershell.exe -executionpolicy bypass -file .\Script.ps1
I finally tracked this down to .NET Code Access Security. I have some internally-developed binary modules that are stored on and executed from a network share. To get .NET 2.0/PowerShell 2.0 to load them, I had added a URL rule to the Intranet code group to trust that directory:
PS> & "$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v2.0.50727\caspol.exe" -machine -listgroups
Microsoft (R) .NET Framework CasPol 2.0.50727.5420
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Security is ON
Execution checking is ON
Policy change prompt is ON
Level = Machine
Code Groups:
1. All code: Nothing
1.1. Zone - MyComputer: FullTrust
1.1.1. StrongName - ...: FullTrust
1.1.2. StrongName - ...: FullTrust
1.2. Zone - Intranet: LocalIntranet
1.2.1. All code: Same site Web
1.2.2. All code: Same directory FileIO - 'Read, PathDiscovery'
1.2.3. Url - file://Server/Share/Directory/WindowsPowerShell/Modules/*: FullTrust
1.3. Zone - Internet: Internet
1.3.1. All code: Same site Web
1.4. Zone - Untrusted: Nothing
1.5. Zone - Trusted: Internet
1.5.1. All code: Same site Web
Note that, depending on which versions of .NET are installed and whether it's 32- or 64-bit Windows, caspol.exe can exist in the following locations, each with their own security configuration (security.config):
$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\
$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v2.0.50727\
$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\
$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\
After deleting group 1.2.3....
PS> & "$Env:SystemRoot\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v2.0.50727\caspol.exe" -machine -remgroup 1.2.3.
Microsoft (R) .NET Framework CasPol 2.0.50727.9136
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
The operation you are performing will alter security policy.
Are you sure you want to perform this operation? (yes/no)
yes
Removed code group from the Machine level.
Success
...I am left with the default CAS configuration and local scripts now work again. It's been a while since I've tinkered with CAS, and I'm not sure why my rule would seem to interfere with those granting FullTrust to MyComputer, but since CAS is deprecated as of .NET 4.0 (on which PowerShell 3.0 is based), I guess it's a moot point now.
If the file is copied from a network location, that is, another computer, Windows might have blocked that file. Right click on the file and click on the unblock button and see if it works.
What works for me was right-click on the .ps1 file and then properties. Click the "UNBLOCK" button. Works great fir me after spending hours trying to change the policies.
Select your terminal Command prompt instead of Power shell. That should work.
This is an IDE issue. Change the setting in the PowerShell GUI. Go to the Tools tab and select Options, and then Debugging options. Then check the box Turn off requirement for scripts to be signed. Done.
Please make a backup for the script.bs1 file
What works for me was deleting the script.bs1 file and running the execution command.
I was having the same issue and fixed it by changing the default program to open .ps1 files to PowerShell. It was set to Notepad.
Try running the Powershell GUI as Administrator
This occurs due to Powershell execution policy is set to restricted by default which prevents execution PowerShell scripts and protects from running malicious scripts.
You can change execution scope for specific scope by running the following command
Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process
Run below 2 commands in PowerShell window
Set-ExecutionPolicy unrestricted
Unblock-File -Path D:\PowerShell\Script.ps1
In windows 7 final I've done: Set-ExecutionPolicy unrestricted
In windows explorer, I select a script.ps1 file, select open with, put in c:\windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
A powershell window flashes briefly with an error about execution policy.
Scripts run fine from within powershell. How can I run them from windows explorer?
Are you sure it's an execution policy error? If it's PowerShell v2, try including the -File parameter before the file name:
"C:\Windows\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -File "%1"
I figured it out. There were clues in "about_Execution_Policies" help item. The process execution policy must have been more restrictive which was overrides the localmachine policy which got set by the standard Set-ExecutionPolicy command.
Group policy overrides all this. You get a template to set that from microsoft, ignore the part of the page that says this applies only to win xp, thats wrong. That page and above help file have the rest of the needed instructions.