I am making a graphically simple 3D game in C++ using DirectX. The main problem I am having is with how to structure some things efficiently. Right now I know my goal for certain areas but not how to ideally perform them.
For instance, right now I am storing all meshes and textures in an Asset class with enumerated definitions pointing to each asset. All meshes and textures are loaded when the game starts by creating an Asset object and initializing it. From there I load meshes and textures to objects by assigning the pointer given by the Asset object. Is this the best way to go about this?
A harder topic is that of items. For the sake of argument I am going to say we are dealing with scenery. Right now my scenery needs the following:
A name
A mesh
Textures (optional)
Flags (such as Destructible, Flammable, etc.)
Status (such as Burning, Locked, Cursed, etc.)
Abilities (things the object actually does, such as becoming damaged when burning)
The first 5 things on this list are simply variables. But abilities are bothering me. The first 5 can all exist in one item class. But what I do not know how to do is somehow attach abilities to the object.
For example; I want the object to have the "Fire Nova" ability. At the start of each turn, the object damages anything near it.
For me, this means each object would need a "Trigger_Phase_TurnStart()" or some similarly named method and would then need a new "Fire Nova" class with its own unique action for that trigger and its own extra variables (Damage, Range, etc). So now I have the base object class and a new Fire Nova class that inherits from it.
But now what if I needed an object that has Fire Nova and Frost Nova and also Slowing Aura and other such abilities. Basically I need a way to add triggered effects to an object without needing a new object class for each of them.
So by the end I would be able to have say:
(pseudo code of the object's components)
name = Elemental Orb
mesh = "Mesh_Sphere"
textures[] = "Tex_Ice", "Tex_Fire"
flags = OF_Destructible
status = SF_Cursed | SF_Burning
abilities[] = Fire_Nova, Frost_Nova, Slowing_Aura
And this orb would simply be the object class with all these attributes. The object would then activate each stored ability's trigger at the appropriate turn phase for any actions to perform.
Right now I am thinking I might need to make a class for each ability possessing every turn-phase or action trigger (inherited from a base ability class) and have them perform the appropriate action when the object calls them from it's array of abilities. Would this be the best way to do this?
As a separate issue. Some flags would require additional variables that would otherwise be unnecessary. For example, Destructible would mean the object would have health whereas without the flag it wouldn't need it, or an Openable item would need an array of contents. What would be a good way to ration these variables to when they are needed? I do not need every wall to have health and an empty contents array for example.
Finally. Assuming the bullet-listed attributes above are all an item needs, how might you suggest I best store them? To clarify, I would like to be able to write:
CreateItem(ITEM_CHAIR);
and have this return the created object with name, mesh, textures, flags, status and abilities. What structure might be suitable for achieving such an end effect?
To summarise:
Does my current Asset storage seem feasible?
What is the best way to create abilities to attach to the object class without making numerous separate object classes?
Is there a way to limit the variables (or at least memory usage) when the associated flag is not present?
What structure or format would be best for storing fixed item definitions?
Sorry if this is a little long winded. If you cannot answer all the questions then an answer to one would still be appreciated. Question two is probably the largest priority for me right now.
Thanks for your time :)
I want only answer question 2 and it looks like you need a decorator pattern. In OOP a decorator pattern is useful when you have many ingredients and wants to decorate an object, for example a pizza. Unfortunately you need to create for each ingredient a separate class hence I think you have the right approach. The good thing is that with the decorator pattern you can wrap the object over and over with abilites classes and call only one method at the end to do all the stuff.
Related
I am making a Multiplayer Game with MLAPI. The problem is, i have a ability system so every ability get executed over an ScritableObject. The problem is, if i have for example five Players in the scene all Players are referenced to the same ScritableObject. And so when somebody execute a ability. The other players are also doing it.
So my Question is can I duplicate my default ability ScritableObject so that every player has its own abilities ScritableObject but with the same Values as the default ability ScritableObject. I must do that over Script.
I know i could create a new ScritableObject and then make a method who paste my values. But maybe somebody has a better idea??????????
Afaik you can use Instantiate also for cloning ScriptableObject on runtime! Only you can of course not use any component taking more then the original parameter (which makes sense).
And the same way as ScriptableObject.CreateInstance this will of course not create an asset but only a runtime instance.
As the title says: I wonder, whether it's possible to iterate through the object tree of an AnyLogic project.
Probably it would help, if I provide more information what I want to do. Take the following project tree:
I want to check for every delay object in my model, whether or not it currently contains agents. One possibility would be to add all delay objects manually to a collection object and to iterate through the elements of the collection. However, this approach would result in a lot of manual work, as I require to perform similar requests for other object types. In my opinion, the most convenient solution is to iterate through the project tree and to identify with 'isinstanceof' the objects I want to analyze.
Does anyone know a solution or another approach, which requires similar less effort?
Best regards,
Sebastian
You can loop through all objects in Main doing this:
for (Object currObject : ((Agent)getRootAgent()).getEmbeddedObjects()) {
if (currObject instanceof Delay) {
// you found a Delay object
}
}
I'm trying to Save/Serialize a GameObject and its components (with their current values), but I don't think it's possible, any ideas ???
Keep in mind that I don't wanna use an asset from the assets store, I wanna code it myself.
Thanks in advance :)
Sorry I dont have the rep to make a comment. I use two methods to acheive this save state.
First is what programmer seems to suggest, make a class that hosts the property's needed to recreate the object. Component names can be saved as strings, then fetched using
gameObject.AddComponent(Type.GetType(componentName));
If you are doing this alot it may be worth checking out this forum first.Here
You can serialize these classes using the unity serializer(the string names of types will serialise. You may have to make a sub class to handle the values in each object of different type.
This can be a fairly complicated approach so I prefer a file path serialized for a prefab in the resources folder. Any values that need saving can be saved in a serializable class like first approach which is referenced in a script on the saved prefab. This script has a method to apply all details saved in the deserialized class to the prefab when it is created. The details are captured by the script,added to the class and serialized whenever the object state should be recorded.
The exact way this is managed may vary but I have done this myself with he ability to store any values I could need. Even if you use a third party serializer from the asset store you will still have trouble saving entire objects, but you will be able to get enough info to recreate.
I've managed to save the components I want (custom scripts) by saving them in a json file, then serializing them with binary so they can be more secure.
Thanks to everyone who tried to help tho...
I would like to present the user with a variable number of scenes within the GUI (arranged say horizontally) composing different views of the data, depending on runtime conditions?
I really don't want to redefine the GUI, and a number of scene related traits for every use case. (i.e. bool_scene_1_viewable=Bool(), bool_scene_2_viewable=Bool()... )
It looks like I might be able to define a wildcard trait: scene_=Instance(Scene,()). But, if this is the best way to do it, how would I go about combining n traits into a View?
(A) I did not distinguish between "runtime" dependence, and merely depending on some number of traits that are declared after initialization (but before config_traits is called). As such, I can use default_traits_view to create a view that depends on the current state of the object and its members.
(B) I was also confused about how to turn this list_of_scenes into an object that could be viewed. After all, HGroup and VGroup don't take lists! I was missing that * could be used to unpack the list.
Steps:
1. init class instance
foo=Foo()
add scenes as you like
foo.add_trait(string_scene_name,scene)
foo.scene_name_list.append(string_scene_name)
foo.scene_list.append(scene)
Create group within default_traits_view()
items=[Item(name,style='custom') for name in self. scene_name_list]
scene_group=Group( *items)
I want to write my own editor that would allow me to search the whole Assets folder for object type of X and make an AssetBundle from them.
I went through all the manuals and docs and it seems that they all use the Selection class to build the Assets Bundle.
But what if there are 10 000+ objects scattered in different folders and I don't want to select each manually, yet I still want to track their dependencies. Is there a way to do so?
I have already tried editing Selection.objects, but as much as I understand it's limited to one concrete scene.
Is it possible to skip the whole Selection class and just use BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundle() method? If yes, how to get the correct list of objects that can be used? Do I need to write my own deep threading loop to get the dependencies?
All you need is a list of objects. That's it. How you get them is irrelevant. You can do that with the Selection class, but if you have other means of finding the assets, that's no problem either.
As for dependencies, keep in mind that your final call will be something like:
BuildPipeline.BuildAssetBundle(main_asset, objects_array, path, BuildAssetBundleOptions.CollectDependencies | BuildAssetBundleOptions.CompleteAssets);
See that BuildAssetBundleOptions.CollectDependencies? It will make sure that all the necessary dependencies for the objects you've specified get included as well.