I changed one function from:
def submit = Action { request =>
signupForm.bindFromRequest()(request).fold(
// Form has errors
errors => BadRequest(html.signup.form(errors)),
// We got a valid User value, display the summary
user => {
// intensive computation involving database
Ok("okay")
}
)
}
to
def submit = Action { request =>
val result = Akka.future {
signupForm.bindFromRequest()(request).fold(
// Form has errors
errors => BadRequest(html.signup.form(errors)),
// We got a valid User value, display the summary
user => {
// intensive computation involving database
Ok("okay")
}
)
}
Async {
result
}
}
and I get the compilation error of:
[error] found : play.api.mvc.SimpleResult[_ >: java.lang.String with play.api.templates.Html <: java.io.Serializable]
[error] required: play.api.mvc.SimpleResult[_1(in value result)] where type _1(in value result) >: java.lang.String with play.api.templates.Html <: java.io.Serializable
[error] Note: java.io.Serializable >: _1, but class SimpleResult is invariant in type A.
[error] You may wish to define A as -A instead. (SLS 4.5)
[error] signupForm.bindFromRequest()(request).fold(
[error] ^
[error] one error found
The error message seem like it has something to do with variance. Does anyone understand what's going on?
BadRequest is returning the type SimpleResult[Html]
Ok is returning the type SimpleResult[String]
If you make BadRequest and Ok return the same type then it would work.
Try doing Ok(Html("ok")) - or actually render a page.
Related
I have a Play 2.5 template which starts from the following declaration:
#(title: String)(content: Html)(menu:Html = HtmlFormat.empty)(implicit request:Request[AnyContent])
So the second parameter is declared having a default value.
Now in the controller I have this action generator:
def document(title:String) = Action.async{implicit request =>
documentService.findByTitle(title).map{
case Some(d) => Ok(views.html.document(d))
case None => Ok(main("No document found")(content = Html("There is no such document")))
}
}
So I do not pass the value of the menu parameter to the template invocation and I expect this to compile and work in accordance with the default parameter values semantics, but I am getting this compilation error:
[error] D:\Projects\feed\app\controllers\MainController.scala:28: missing arguments for method apply in class main;
[error] follow this method with `_' if you want to treat it as a partially applied function
[error] case None => Ok(main("No document found")(content = Html("There is no such document")))
[error] ^
[error] one error found
[error] (compile:compileIncremental) Compilation failed
Could you explain what is wrong here?
Add one more pair of parenthesis.
Ok(main("No document found")(content = Html("There is no such document")()))
Without last parenthesis - it's just a function that waits for one more argument. You can check type of function you call. I'll show on my examples:
def foo(a: Int = 3) = 41
val one = foo //wan't compile
val two: (Int) => Int = foo
val three: Int = foo()
So this is a pretty specific problem, but might be related to issues other may have experience, though I could not find a good solution.
in our specific case, we are using Elasticsearch. the problematic piece of code is this:
val hit: org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit = {...}
val innerSystemField: Option[Long] =
Try(hit.field("system.innerField").getValue) match {
case Success(x) => Some(x.asInstanceOf[Long])
case Failure(e) => {
logger.error("exception during innerField retrieval", e)
None
}
}
so, it doesn't really matters we are using Elasticsearch, what matter, is the library API. so, here's the SearchHit interface's field method which returns an instance of SearchHitField. and here's the SearchHitField interface's getValue method. the method is declared as:
<V> V getValue();
and this is where the problem lies. the mapping which we defined Elasticsearch with, guarantee that the returned value will always be a Long. but every once in a while we get a Failure containing a java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.Long cannot be cast to scala.runtime.Nothing$. The thing is, that if I explicitly write the type, it won't compile:
[error] /home/me/projects/my-project/src/main/scala/com/org/project/MyElasticsearchCode.scala:123: polymorphic expression cannot be instantiated to expected type;
[error] found : [V]()V
[error] required: Long
[error] Try[Long](hit.field("system.innerField").getValue) match {
[error] ^
[error] one error found
[error] (project/compile:compileIncremental) Compilation failed
[error] Total time: 4 s, completed Jul 27, 2015 4:16:41 PM
So how do I get around this problem?
I find the message of the ClassCastException a bit confusing. Maybe you could try this:
val innerSystemField: Option[Long] =
Try[Any](hit.field("system.innerField").getValue) match {
case Success(x: java.lang.Long) => Some(x.asInstanceOf[Long])
case Failure(e) => {
logger.error("exception during innerField retrieval", e)
None
}
}
In order to try and understand Scala's type system I'm attempting
to implment a custom implementation for List.foreach method :
package com
object customForEach extends App {
class customForEach[B, A] extends Iterable[A] with collection.Seq[A] {
def foreach[B](f: A ⇒ B) {
var these = this
while (!these.isEmpty) {
f(these.head)
these = these.tail
}
}
def tail = this match {
case h :: t ⇒ t
}
}
}
When I complile this code I receive errors :
[error] \Desktop\Scala\src\main\scala\typeparam.scala:16: constructor cannot be instantiated to expected type;
[error] found : scala.collection.immutable.::[B(in class ::)]
[error] required: com.customForEach.customForEach[B(in class customForEach),A]
[error] case h :: t ? t
[error] ^
[error] \Desktop\Scala\src\main\scala\typeparam.scala:16: not found: value t
[error] case h :: t ? t
[error] ^
[error] \Desktop\Scala\src\main\scala\typeparam.scala:11: type mismatch;
[error] found : Seq[A]
[error] required: com.customForEach.customForEach[B,A]
[error] these = these.tail
[error] ^
[error] three errors found
[error] (compile:compile) Compilation failed
[error] Total time: 0 s, completed 31-Jan-2015 11:53:40
In particular I find it iteresting how println can be composed with List in this fashion : List(1,2,3).foreach(println)
Do I need to add extend another trait in order to access the .tail function ?
For this error :
not found: value t
[error] case h :: t ? t
Shouldn't t be found since it is created using pattern match operator :: ?
There are many reasons why this code won't work. In order to understand the first compiler error not found: value t, you must look at the error immediately before it. :: exists solely for List, but here you do not have a List, only Iterable with Seq. That pattern match can't work, which causes t to become "not found".
There are even larger problems than that, though. Even if you remove your definition of tail (which is unnecessary), you'll then find that you're missing abstract method definitions for apply, iterator, and length from the Seq trait. I imagine you're doing this because you can't extend List, which is sealed. You can copy the implementations of apply, and length from LinearSeqOptimized, then easily implement an iterator method, but there's still another problem: your class does not have a constructor.
Okay, well we'll look at what List does again. List is abstract and has two sub-types, :: and Nil. Nil is just a case object, and :: has a constructor that accepts the head and tail of the List. This isn't going to help you very much, unless you also want to duplicate the code for :: and Nil as well.
Scala collections are very large complicated beasts, and extending them to override one method is not a simple process.
I'm trying to make an async call to different sub-actors, such as:
A ---> B ---> C
\---> D
Actor A sends a request message to Actor B and B send two task messages to C and D, when C and D send the results back, B merge the results up and send it back to the A.
I was trying to use ask pattern and onSuccess to solve this:
class B(fakeInterface: String, subInterface: Array[ActorRef]) extends Actor {
val subCount = subInterface.length
var finishCount = 0
def receive = {
case reqMsg(msg) =>
if (subInterface.length == 0){
sender ! DoneMessage(msg)
} else {
implicit val timeout = Timeout(5 minutes)
val composedFutures = subInterface map { x =>
(x ? DoItMessage(msg)).mapTo[DoneMessage]
}
val allResult = Future.sequence(composedFutures)
allResult.onSuccess {
case _ => sender ! DoneMessage(msg)
}
}
}
}
But the code above does not compile at all, I got three error:
[error] inferred type arguments [dummy.DoneMessage,Array] do not conform to method sequence's type parameter bounds [A,M[_] <: TraversableOnce[_]]
[error] val allResult = Future.sequence(composedFutures)
[error] ^
[error] type mismatch;
[error] found : Array[scala.concurrent.Future[dummy.DoneMessage]]
[error] required: M[scala.concurrent.Future[A]]
[error] val allResult = Future.sequence(composedFutures)
[error] ^
[error] Cannot construct a collection of type M[A] with elements of type A based on a collection of type M[scala.concurrent.Future[A]].
[error] val allResult = Future.sequence(composedFutures)
[error] ^
[error] three errors found
How can I fix this? Or is there a more proper way to solve this scenario?
Array is not a TraversableOnce. There is an implicit conversion from Array to WrappedArray which is a TraversableOnce, but by the time the type parameter has been inferred to Array it is too late for the implicit conversion. If you replace Array with one of the classes from the collections library, e.g. List you can get past these compiler errors.
The ask pattern is inefficient because it has to create a fake actor for every request, which creates considerable overhead. It is useful for allowing non-actor code to communicate with actors, but actors themselves should message each other directly. Actor B will have to be stateful so it can keep track of messages from C and D as they come back, but it would make for a better solution.
scala.Array does not inherit from scala.collection.TraversableOnce so it cannot be used with Future.sequence. Try using a List or Seq instead.
http://www.scala-lang.org/api/current/index.html#scala.Array
import scala.slick.driver.MySQLDriver.simple._
class RichTable[T](tag: Tag, name: String) extends Table[T](tag, name) {
case class QueryExt[B](q: Query[RichTable.this.type, B]) {
def whereEq[C](col: RichTable.this.type => Column[C], c: C) = {
q.filter { fields =>
col(fields) === c
}
}
}
}
Then it complains
[error] /home/jilen/workspace/play-slick/src/main/scala/play/slick/SlickQueryExtension.scala:10: value === is not a member of slick.driver.MySQLDriver.simple.Column[C]
[error] col(fields) === c
[error] ^
[error] /home/jilen/workspace/play-slick/src/main/scala/play/slick/SlickQueryExtension.scala:9: ambiguous implicit values:
[error] both value BooleanColumnCanBeQueryCondition in object CanBeQueryCondition of type => scala.slick.lifted.CanBeQueryCondition[scala.slick.lifted.Column[Boolean]]
[error] and value BooleanOptionColumnCanBeQueryCondition in object CanBeQueryCondition of type => scala.slick.lifted.CanBeQueryCondition[scala.slick.lifted.Column[Option[Boolean]]]
[error] match expected type scala.slick.lifted.CanBeQueryCondition[Nothing]
[error] q.filter { fields =>
[error] ^
[error] two errors found
[error] (compile:compile) Compilation failed
[error] Total time: 0 s, completed Mar 6, 2014 1:21:48 AM
There have been questions about this, but the answers did not work for 2.0
How to parametrize Scala Slick queries by WHERE clause conditions?
Slick doesn't have any information about C, so it doesn't know if it can and how it should map it to a database value and if it can use === on it. So you get a type error. You will have to use Scala's type system to restrict the type to one for which Slick knows how to map it. You can do this by providing a so-called Context Bound, in this case :BaseColumnType.
def whereEq[C:BaseColumnType](col: RichTable.this.type => Column[C], c: C) = {
q.filter { fields =>
col(fields) === c
}
}
BaseColumnType is provided by Slick and using it in this way basically tells the Scala compiler to look for an implicit value of type BaseColumnType[C] in scope, where you call whereEq. Because then it is usually known what C will actually be. Slick comes with BaseColumnType[Int], BaseColumnType[String], etc. so at the call site, the Scala compiler can find one when your C is really an Int or String in that particular call and this way pass the info further to Slick.
Same for LiuTiger's question. abstract class Crud[..., PK:BaseColumnType] should do the trick, a trait doesn't work with context bounds. When implementing an abstract DAO be prepared to face a lot of challenges and get to the edges of your Scala type system skills and learn quite a bit about type inference order, implicit parameters, etc.