Demistifying Firmware [closed] - operating-system

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Firmware - What exactly is this? I know that it isn't a piece of code which just helps in communicating with the hardware since it is the device driver's function.
I guess it is something more complex than that. All the time I see firmware updates for my mp3 players and smartphone. In smartphones I see that after a firmware update the OS's version is bumped up e.g., from Ice Cream Sandwich it goes to Jelly Bean (Android). Does this mean that firmware is an alias to OS?

Firmware is just software that is programmed into a device. In the example you used, the OS would qualify being called firmware. In other devices, it could be less sophisticated than iOS or Android, for example, a lot of DVD players and Blueray players have a firmware component, so do smart TV that are Internet enabled and routers, for instance.

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Bluetooth peripheral v. central energy usage [closed]

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Closed 9 years ago.
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Does a a device, say an iphone, require more energy to advertise as a BLE peripheral in the background than it would if it were scanning as a BLE central in the background? If so then by how much? Again I am refering to a small device such as an iphone.
Core bluetooth is optimized for minimal power consumption. There is practically no difference between the central and peripheral roles. Don't worry about the power consumption of ble operations, the Apple engineers have taken care of that for us. You should be more concerned with writing your critical business logic to run efficiently.

which device is better for iphone development [closed]

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Is it good idea to purchase Mac mini for iphone development. My friend suggested me that iMac with higher resolution is only good choice but it is very costly for me. If I compromise with Mac mini what will be disadvantages. Looking for your opinions.
Any recent Mac with an Intel processor will be able to run the current version of Xcode.
Four Gb of Ram are enough. Be careful with the monitor to check the interface. Keep in mind that you will also need an Apple developer subscription that is not for free. It should be around 100$ per year. Also consider that is not so difficult to resell a macmini if one day you wont to upgrade to something bigger and/or if you loose interest for coding.

How many iphone devices can be connected to a Bluetooth device simultaneously? [closed]

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I found a lot of answers to similar questions as this but all the answer are different. I want to know how many iPhone devices can be connected to a Bluetooth device simultaneously? And in which versions are available this functionality.
It may depend on the type of device. I believe you can connect as many as you have in your collection, but using each and every one of those devices will depend on the type.
For instance, we are working with BLE devices and I have connected up to 10 to our app and they all work simultaneously, where as I've read you can only connect 2 legacy BT devices such as keyboards or head sets and are only able to use 1 at a time.
I'm pretty sure though that you can pair with as many devices as you can (though I dont have a specific number like max of 20).
EDIT
If the iPhone is Master, then you can only connect 1 iPhone to a Slave BT peripheral.
UPDATE
I just read from the Apple Bluetooth mailing list that either 7 - 8 devices are supported and even at that number you will have limitations such as bandwidth. So that's something to keep in mind.

CoreBluetooth Pairing To Lego NXT [closed]

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I am trying to use Apple's CoreBluetooth framework to connect an iPhone or iPod Touch to a Lego NXT. However, it does not seem like there is any documentation from Apple about this framework at all. Does anyone know how to use it? What the available methods/objects are? Or in general just how to use it.
CoreBluetooth provides APIs only for interacting with new Bluetooth Low Energy (LE) devices. This is a new standard that is not compatible with traditional Bluetooth. The iPhone 4S has a dual mode BT chip that does LE and regular mode. So you will not be able to use CoreBluetooth to talk to traditional Bluetooth devices like NXT. However, in the future it would make sense for applications like NXT to use LE mode Bluetooth.

iOS4: Multitasking and measuring audio output [closed]

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I need to develop an iPhone/iPod application which runs in the background and can measure audio output. It is part of a research project to measure how loud people have their music. Unfortunately I am unfamiliar with the iOS 4 SDK.
Ideally, the application would have to know if headphones are plugged in, be able to measure the volume of the audio signal being outputted (and calculate some data) and then be able to, at some point, update data to a central database.
Taking into account the multitasking capabilities, is it possible to develop such an application for the iOS 4?
I am aware that multitasking on this platform is quite limited, however I also noticed that audio processing seems to be possible (only to an extent perhaps?)
Here's a question which shows how it can done, but unfortunately, you can only do it for your app (or more correctly, I should say only when your app is active), you can't add a global hook to be notified in the background when the volume is changed by another app.
iOS (4) doesn't have background services like Android which is what I believe you're looking to do.