I have an animated sprite using CCSpriteFrameCache that represents my game character. I want to add a text label as a child of this sprite to represent the (dynamic) character name, however I run into complications with 'CCSprite is not using the same texture id'. Because the text is dynamic, I can't include it in the sprite sheet the character is using. What is the best approach to get this text overlay on to my character?
I tend to use a CCNode derivative for this, that also implements the RGBA protocol. You can play the animation from inside the node, and add the label to the node (as well as others like a health bar), and then move the node, make it visible (or not), use some animation like fading in and out the entire content.
Composition over inheritance is true in this context.
You can see my code which should be a template for you to implement on your own.
#interface Player : CCNode
+ (instancetype)playerWithName:(NSString*)name sprite:(CCSprite*)sprite
- (id)initWithName:(NSString*)name sprite:(CCSprite*)sprite;
#property (nonatomic, retain) CCSprite* sprite;
#property (nonatomic, copy) NSString* name;
#end
#implementation Player {
BOOL _nameLabelAdded;
BOOL _spriteAdded;
}
#define LABEL_NAME_TAG 0e1
#synthesize sprite = _sprite, name = _name;
+ (instancetype)playerWithName:(NSString*)name sprite:(CCSprite*)sprite {
return [[[self alloc] initWithName:name sprite:sprite] autorelease];
}
- (id)initWithName:(NSString*)name sprite:(CCSprite*)sprite {
if (self = [super init]) {
//NOT TESTED..
self.name = name;
self.sprite = sprite;
}
return self;
}
- (void)setSprite:(CCSprite*)theSprite {
if (theSprite != _sprite) {
[_sprite release];
_sprite = [theSprite retain];
if (!_spriteAdded) {
/* initialize position etc here */
[self addChild:_sprite];
_spriteAdded = YES;
}
}
}
- (void)setName:(NSString*)theName {
if (![_name isEqualToString:theName]) {
[_name release];
_name = [theName copy];
if (![_name isEqualToString:#""]) {
CCLabelTTF* name_label;
if (!_nameLabelAdded) {
name_label = [CCLabelTTF labelWithString:_name];
/* init the name_label */
[self addChild:name_label z:1 tag:LABEL_NAME_TAG];
_nameLabelAdded = YES;
} else {
name_label = (CCLabelTTF*)[self childWithTag:LABEL_NAME_TAG];
name_label.text = name;
}
}
}
}
#end
I had this situation on my last released game.
The best way to solve this problem was to create a parent node and add the label and sprite as child. It's better to manage the node separately, mainly because you can adjust the position of both without interfering with each other.
Node hierarchy:
- Node parent
- Sprite with CCSpriteFrameCache
- Label
Related
all. I'm trying to follow a tutorial on making a ball bounce around the screen of an iPhone. The tutorial constructs the application in a MVC scheme. I'm having trouble wrapping my head around this concept when it comes to the drawRect method in the View implementation.
This is my Model header file:
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "TestView.h"
#define BALL_SIZE 20.0
#define VIEW_WIDTH 320.0
#define VIEW_HEIGHT 460.0
#interface TestModel : NSObject
{
TestView* ball;
CGPoint ballVelocity;
CGFloat lastTime;
CGFloat timeDelta;
}
- (void) updateModelWithTime:(CFTimeInterval) timestamp;
- (void) checkCollisionWithScreenEdges;
#property (readonly) TestView* ball;
#end
The tutorial instructs me the user to override the init method of NSObject. I've also included the methods for controlling the "animation" logic:
- (id) init {
self = [super init];
if (self) {
ball = [[TestView alloc] initWithFrame: CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, BALL_SIZE, BALL_SIZE)];
// Set the initial velocity for the ball
ballVelocity = CGPointMake(200.0, -200.0);
// Initialize the last time
lastTime = 0.0;
}
return self;
}
- (void) checkCollisionWithScreenEdges {
// Left Edge
if (ball.frame.origin.x <= 0) {
ballVelocity.x = abs(ballVelocity.x);
}
// Right Edge
if (ball.frame.origin.x >= VIEW_WIDTH - BALL_SIZE) {
ballVelocity.x = -1 * abs(ballVelocity.x);
}
// Top Edge
if (ball.frame.origin.y <= 0) {
ballVelocity.y = abs(ballVelocity.y);
}
// Bottom Edge
if (ball.frame.origin.y >= VIEW_HEIGHT - BALL_SIZE) {
ballVelocity.y = -1 * abs(ballVelocity.y);
}
}
- (void) updateModelWithTime:(CFTimeInterval) timestamp {
if (lastTime == 0.0) {
// initialize lastTime if first time through
lastTime = timestamp;
} else {
// Calculate time elapsed since last call
timeDelta = timestamp - lastTime;
// Update the lastTime
lastTime = timestamp;
[self checkCollisionWithScreenEdges];
// Calculate the new position of the ball
CGFloat x = ball.frame.origin.x + ballVelocity.x * timeDelta;
CGFloat y = ball.frame.origin.y + ballVelocity.y * timeDelta;
ball.frame = CGRectMake(x, y, BALL_SIZE, BALL_SIZE);
}
}
The View implementation file is the following:
#import "TestView.h"
#implementation TestView
- (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame
{
self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
if (self) {
// Initialization code
}
return self;
}
// Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing.
// An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation.
- (void)drawRect:(CGRect) rect {
}
#end
Finally, my View Controller:
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
gameModel = [[TestModel alloc] init];
[self.view addSubview:gameModel.ball];
// Set up the CADisplayLink for the animation
gameTimer = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:#selector(updateDisplay:)];
// Add the display link to the current run loop
[gameTimer addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
}
- (void) updateDisplay:(CADisplayLink *) sender {
[gameModel updateModelWithTime:sender.timestamp];
}
OK, so now that I've provided a look at the structure of the code (hopefully I've given enough) I can get to my question. So when I add anything to drawRect a new object is drawn and does not get "animated" by the model logic methods.
Right now I have a bouncing square. When I try to fill the square with an ellipse in drawRect, I get a new object, drawn how I want, that just sits at 0,0 while the bouncing square is still active.
I'm sure I'm missing something really big here, but I've been banging my head against the wall for hours and can't figure it out. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
A couple of things here:
1- Have you overriden the view class in SB to TestView?
2- Looking at your code, I do not see how your model is connected to your View through your controller. Recall from the MVC model, that the Controller is on top and talks down (pyramid style) to the model and the view and so, somewhere in your view controller:
a) you need to instantiate your model
b) get values from your model and pass them to your view variables - which would be called in drawrect
Last but not least, lookup setNeedsDisplay which is the way to call and refresh the view.
Hope this helps without spoiling the assignment.
i have two layers control layer which contains CCLabelTTF for score, and first layer in which i detect collision btwn my objects. i want to update score (i.e CCLabelTTF value) in control layer from my first layer.
here is my code...
my scene.m
-(id)init{
self=[super init];
FirstLayer *fl=[FirstLayer node];
[self addChild:fl];
controlLayer *cl=[controlLayer node];
[self addChild:cl z:3 tag:1];
return self;
}
control layer.h
#interface controlLayer : CCLayer{
CCLabelTTF * score ;
int score_value;
}
#property(nonatomic,retain)CCLabelTTF * score ;
#property int score_value;
-(void)displayScore;
#end
controlLayer.m
-(id)init{
// my code..
[self displayScore];
}
return self;
}
-(void)displayScore{
CGSize screenSize=[[CCDirector sharedDirector]winSize];
CCLabelTTF * score_lbl = [CCLabelTTF labelWithString:#"Score" fontName:#"Arial" fontSize:16.0];
score_lbl.position=ccp(screenSize.width*0.10,screenSize.height*0.90);
[self addChild:score_lbl z:99];
score =[CCLabelTTF labelWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"test:%d",score_value] fontName:#"Arial" fontSize:16.0] ;
NSString *str = [score string];
NSLog(#"SCORE control:%#",str);
score.position=ccp(screenSize.width*0.20,screenSize.height*0.90);
[self addChild:score];
}
firstLayer.h
#interface FirstLayer : CCLayer
{
controlLayer *cl;
}
#property(nonatomic,retain)controlLayer *cl;
#end
firstLayer.m
#implementation FirstLayer
#synthesize cl;
-(id)init{
---
cl=[controlLayer new];
[self schedule:#selector(tick:)];
return self;
}
-(void)tick:(ccTime)dt{
bool blockFound=false;
world->Step(dt, 10, 10);
std::vector<MyContact>::iterator pos;
for(pos = _contactListener->_contacts.begin();
pos != _contactListener->_contacts.end(); ++pos) {
MyContact contact = *pos;
b2Body *bodyA = contact.fixtureA->GetBody();
b2Body *bodyB = contact.fixtureB->GetBody();
if (bodyA->GetUserData() != NULL && bodyB->GetUserData() != NULL) {
CCSprite *spriteA = (CCSprite *) bodyA->GetUserData();
CCSprite *spriteB = (CCSprite *) bodyB->GetUserData();
// Sprite A = ball, Sprite B = Block
if (spriteA.tag == 1 && spriteB.tag == 2) {
cl.score_value=cl.score_value+5;
[cl.score setString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%d",cl.score_value]];
NSString *str = [cl.score string];
NSLog(#"SCORE in GAME:%#",str);
// [cl displayScore];
if (std::find(toDestroy.begin(), toDestroy.end(), bodyB)
== toDestroy.end()) {
toDestroy.push_back(bodyB);
}
}
// Sprite B = block, Sprite A = ball
else if (spriteA.tag == 2 && spriteB.tag == 1) {
cl.score_value=cl.score_value+5;
[cl.score setString:[NSString stringWithFormat:#"%d",cl.score_value]];
NSString *str = [cl.score string];
NSLog(#"SCORE in GAME:%#",str);
// [cl displayScore];
}
}
}
What is going Wrong? , i'm always getting score:test 0 !:(
Your statement cl=[controlLayer new]; is not getting the reference of the controlLayer that was added to your game scene. As your game scene.m code indicates, both FirstLayer and controlLayer instances are initalized and added as children to the CCScene. To get a proper reference to your controlLayer from inside FirstLayer, do it like this:
FirstLayer.m
-(void) onEnter {
[super onEnter];
cl = (controlLayer*)[self.parent getChildByTag:1];
}
The reason you have to put this in onEnter is because self.parent will not be valid within the FirstLayer's init method. onEnter is called after initialization is complete. This should give you the reference to the actual controlLayer that was added to your game scene.
I think by the looks of it, you are sending a new score value to your control layer, but you are not updating the label, as you only set it once. It won't automatically update if score_value changes. I think you need to schedule an update method in your control layer that will update the score label.
sorry if the question is too dull but I have been trying to understand as much as possible from Itterheim's book book's code example and can't figure out how this works.
In my "HelloWorldLayer.m" I create an instance of a class named "MusicLayer" that extends CCLayer The inspiration of this was that in the example named "ShootEmUp" (Chapter 8 of 1) there is an InputLayer. I thus thought that I would create a MusicLayer to deal with the various music files I have in my game and got some problems (will explain at the end of the post). I got most of the music related code code from RecipeCollection02, Ch6_FadingSoundsAndMusic of the Cocos2d Cookbook .
But first I would like to introduce some of my background thoughts that might have lead to this problem with the hope to have some clear reference on this.
I am used to a "model view controller" (MVC wikipedia link) approach as I come from a C++ and Java background and never coded a game before and it does seem to me that the gaming paradigms are a bit different from "the classic" Software Engineering University approach (don't take me wrong, I am sure that in many Universities they don't teach this stuff anymore :)).
The point is that it seems to me that the "classic" Software Engineering approach is lost in those examples (for instance in the ShootEmUp code the instance of InputLayer has a reference of the class GameScene -see below- and at the same time in InputLayer there is a reference to the static shared instance of GameScene -see below-).
//From GameScene
+(id) scene
{
CCScene* scene = [CCScene node];
GameScene* layer = [GameScene node];
[scene addChild:layer z:0 tag:GameSceneLayerTagGame];
InputLayer* inputLayer = [InputLayer node];
[scene addChild:inputLayer z:1 tag:GameSceneLayerTagInput];
return scene;
}
//From InputLayer
-(void) update:(ccTime)delta
{
totalTime += delta;
// Continuous fire
if (fireButton.active && totalTime > nextShotTime)
{
nextShotTime = totalTime + 0.5f;
GameScene* game = [GameScene sharedGameScene];
ShipEntity* ship = [game defaultShip];
//Code missing
}
}
I was told that static instances are things to avoid. Despite this I understand the benefit of having a GameScene staic instance but I still get confused on the biderectional reference (from GameScene to InputLayer and viceversa)..:
Is this common practice in Game programming?
Is there a way to avoid this approach?
I will now paste my code and I admit it, is probably rubbish and there will be probably some obvious error as I am trying to do a very simple thing and I do not manage.
So here we are. That's the MusicLayer class (it contains commented out code as I had previously tried to make it a shared class instance):
//
// MusicLayer.h
// ShootEmUp
//
// Copyright 2012 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.
//
//Enumeration files should be the way those are referred from outside the class..
enum music_files {
PLAYER_STANDARD = 1,
};
enum sound_files{
A = 0,
B = 1,
C = 2,
ABC = 4,
AAC = 5,
ACA = 6,
//And so on and so forth..
};
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "cocos2d.h"
#import "CDXPropertyModifierAction.h"
#interface MusicLayer : CCLayer {
SimpleAudioEngine *sae;
NSMutableDictionary *soundSources;
NSMutableDictionary *musicSources;
}
//In this way you can load once the common sounds on the sharedMusicLayer, have the benefit of keep tracks playing on scene switching as well as being able to load tracks and sounds before each level
//+(MusicLayer*) sharedMusicLayer;
/** API **/
//PLAY - sound undtested
-(void) playBackgroundMusic:(enum music_files) file;
-(void) playSoundFile:(enum sound_files) file;
-(void) loadPopLevel;
/** Private methods **/
//Utilities methods
-(NSString *) _NSStringFromMusicFiles: (enum music_files) file;
-(NSString *) _NSStringFromSoundFiles: (enum sound_files) file;
//LOAD - Meant to be private methods
-(CDLongAudioSource*) _loadMusic:(NSString*)fn;
-(CDSoundSource*) _loadSoundEffect:(NSString*)fn;
//FADE - sound undtested
-(void) _fadeOutPlayingMusic;
-(void) _fadeInMusicFile:(NSString*)fn;
-(void) _playSoundFile:(NSString*)fn;
#end
And here we are with the .m file:
#import "MusicLayer.h"
#implementation MusicLayer
/**
static MusicLayer* instanceOfMusicLayer;
+(MusicLayer*) sharedMusicLayer
{
NSAssert(instanceOfMusicLayer != nil, #"MusicLayer instance not yet initialized!");
return instanceOfMusicLayer;
}**/
-(id) init
{
CCLOG(#"In Init");
if ((self = [super init]))
{
CCLOG(#"Inside Init");
//instanceOfMusicLayer = self;
//Initialize the audio engine
sae = [SimpleAudioEngine sharedEngine];
//Background music is stopped on resign and resumed on become active
[[CDAudioManager sharedManager] setResignBehavior:kAMRBStopPlay autoHandle:YES];
//Initialize source container
soundSources = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
musicSources = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
}
return self;
}
-(void) loadPopLevel{
CCLOG(#"In loadPopLevel");
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:A]];
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:B]];
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:C]];
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:ACA]];
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:ABC]];
[self _loadSoundEffect:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:AAC]];
[self _loadMusic:[self _NSStringFromMusicFiles:PLAYER_STANDARD]];
[self _loadMusic:[self _NSStringFromMusicFiles:PLAYER_STANDARD]];
[self _loadMusic:[self _NSStringFromMusicFiles:PLAYER_STANDARD]];
[self _loadMusic:[self _NSStringFromMusicFiles:PLAYER_STANDARD]];
}
/** UTILITIES METHODS **/
//This function is key to define which files we are going to load..
-(NSString *) _NSStringFromMusicFiles: (enum music_files) file{
CCLOG(#"In _NSStringFromMusicFiles");
switch (file) {
case PLAYER_STANDARD:
return #"a.mp3";
default:
NSAssert(0 == 1, #"Invalid argument");
break;
}
}
-(NSString *) _NSStringFromSoundFiles: (enum sound_files) file{
CCLOG(#"In _NSStringFromSoundFiles");
switch (file) {
case A:
return #"shot.caf";
case B:
return #"shot.caf";
case C:
return #"shot.caf";
case AAC:
return #"Wow.caf";
case ABC:
return #"Wow.caf";
case ACA:
return #"Wow.caf";
default:
NSAssert(0 == 1, #"Invalid argument");
break;
}
}
/** PLAY METHODS **/
-(void) _playSoundFile:(NSString*)fn {
CCLOG(#"In _playSoundFile");
//Get sound
CDSoundSource *sound = [soundSources objectForKey:fn];
sound.looping = YES;
//Play sound
if(sound.isPlaying){
[sound stop];
}else{
[sound play];
}
}
-(void) _fadeInMusicFile:(NSString*)fn {
CCLOG(#"In _fadeInMusicFile");
//Stop music if its playing and return
CDLongAudioSource *source = [musicSources objectForKey:fn];
if(source.isPlaying){
[source stop];
return;
}
//Set volume to zero and play
source.volume = 0.0f;
[source play];
//Create fader
CDLongAudioSourceFader* fader = [[CDLongAudioSourceFader alloc] init:source interpolationType:kIT_Linear startVal:source.volume endVal:1.0f];
[fader setStopTargetWhenComplete:NO];
//Create a property modifier action to wrap the fader
CDXPropertyModifierAction* fadeAction = [CDXPropertyModifierAction actionWithDuration:1.5f modifier:fader];
[fader release];//Action will retain
[[CCActionManager sharedManager] addAction:[CCSequence actions:fadeAction, nil] target:source paused:NO];
}
-(void) _fadeOutPlayingMusic {
CCLOG(#"In _fadeOutPlayingMusic");
for(id m in musicSources){
//Release source
CDLongAudioSource *source = [musicSources objectForKey:m];
if(source.isPlaying){
//Create fader
CDLongAudioSourceFader* fader = [[CDLongAudioSourceFader alloc] init:source interpolationType:kIT_Linear startVal:source.volume endVal:0.0f];
[fader setStopTargetWhenComplete:NO];
//Create a property modifier action to wrap the fader
CDXPropertyModifierAction* fadeAction = [CDXPropertyModifierAction actionWithDuration:3.0f modifier:fader];
[fader release];//Action will retain
CCCallFuncN* stopAction = [CCCallFuncN actionWithTarget:source selector:#selector(stop)];
[[CCActionManager sharedManager] addAction:[CCSequence actions:fadeAction, stopAction, nil] target:source paused:NO];
}
}
}
/** LOADING METHODS **/
-(CDLongAudioSource*) _loadMusic:(NSString*)fn {
CCLOG(#"In _loadMusic" );
//Init source
CDLongAudioSource *source = [[CDLongAudioSource alloc] init];
source.backgroundMusic = NO;
[source load:fn];
//Add sound to container
[musicSources setObject:source forKey:fn];
return source;
}
-(CDSoundSource*) _loadSoundEffect:(NSString*)fn {
CCLOG(#"In _loadSoundEffect" );
//Pre-load sound
[sae preloadEffect:fn];
//Init sound
CDSoundSource *sound = [[sae soundSourceForFile:fn] retain];
//Add sound to container
[soundSources setObject:sound forKey:fn];
return sound;
}
/** Public methods **/
//Play music callback
-(void) playBackgroundMusicNumber:(enum music_files) file {
CCLOG(#"In playBackgroundMusic");
switch (file) {
case PLAYER_STANDARD:
[self _fadeOutPlayingMusic];
[self _fadeInMusicFile: [self _NSStringFromMusicFiles:PLAYER_STANDARD]];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
-(void) playSoundFile:(enum sound_files) file {
CCLOG(#"In playSoundFile");
switch (file) {
case A:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:A]];
break;
case B:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:B]];
break;
case C:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:C]];
break;
case AAC:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:AAC]];
break;
case ABC:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:ABC]];
break;
case ACA:
[self _playSoundFile:[self _NSStringFromSoundFiles:ACA]];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/** Dealloc ! **/
-(void) dealloc {
[sae stopBackgroundMusic];
for(id s in soundSources){
//Release source
CDSoundSource *source = [soundSources objectForKey:s];
if(source.isPlaying){ [source stop]; }
[source release];
}
[soundSources release];
for(id m in musicSources){
//Release source
CDLongAudioSource *source = [musicSources objectForKey:m];
if(source.isPlaying){ [source stop]; }
[source release];
}
[musicSources release];
//End engine
[SimpleAudioEngine end];
sae = nil;
//instanceOfMusicLayer = nil;
[super dealloc];
}
#end
Now, I created a new Ccoos2d Helloworld template and added the following to the .m class to test the code:
#import "cocos2d.h"
#import "MusicLayer.h"
enum tags {
MUSICLAYERTAG = 99,
};
// HelloWorldLayer
#interface HelloWorldLayer : CCLayer
{
}
+(CCScene *) scene;
#end
//
// HelloWorldLayer.m
// MusicFadingTest
//
// Import the interfaces
#import "HelloWorldLayer.h"
// HelloWorldLayer implementation
#implementation HelloWorldLayer
+(CCScene *) scene
{
CCLOG(#"In helloworld scene");
// 'scene' is an autorelease object.
CCScene *scene = [CCScene node];
// 'layer' is an autorelease object.
HelloWorldLayer *layer = [HelloWorldLayer node];
// add layer as a child to scene
[scene addChild: layer];
MusicLayer *musicLayer = [MusicLayer node];
[musicLayer loadPopLevel];
[scene addChild:musicLayer z:-1 tag:MUSICLAYERTAG];
// return the scene
return scene;
}
// on "init" you need to initialize your instance
-(id) init
{
// always call "super" init
// Apple recommends to re-assign "self" with the "super" return value
if( (self=[super init])) {
// ask director the the window size
CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize];
//Add menu items
[CCMenuItemFont setFontSize:20];
CCMenuItemFont *music0Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Song A" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music0Item.tag = 0;
CCMenuItemFont *music1Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Song B" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music1Item.tag = 1;
CCMenuItemFont *music2Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Song C" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music2Item.tag = 2;
CCMenuItemFont *music3Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Song D" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music3Item.tag = 3;
CCMenuItemFont *music4Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Sound A" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music2Item.tag = 4;
CCMenuItemFont *music5Item = [CCMenuItemFont itemFromString:#"Sound B" target:self selector:#selector(play:)];
music3Item.tag = 5;
//Create our menus
CCMenu *menu0 = [CCMenu menuWithItems:music0Item, music1Item, music2Item, music3Item, music4Item, music5Item, nil];
[menu0 alignItemsInColumns: [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedInt:6], nil];
menu0.position = ccp(240,240);
[self addChild:menu0];
}
return self;
}
//Play music callback
-(void) play:(id)sender {
CCNode* node = [self getChildByTag:MUSICLAYERTAG];
NSAssert([node isKindOfClass:[MusicLayer class]], #"not a MusicLayer");
MusicLayer *musicLayer = (MusicLayer*)node;
CCMenuItem *item = (CCMenuItem*)sender;
switch (item.tag ) {
case 1:
[musicLayer playBackgroundMusic:PLAYER_STANDARD];
break;
case 2:
[musicLayer playBackgroundMusic:PLAYER_STANDARD];
break;
case 3:
[musicLayer playBackgroundMusic:PLAYER_STANDARD];
break;
case 4:
[musicLayer playBackgroundMusic:PLAYER_STANDARD];
break;
case 5:
[musicLayer playSoundFile:A];
break;
case 6:
[musicLayer playSoundFile:B];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
- (void) dealloc
{
[super dealloc];
}
#end
But here is the error message that I get when I the simulator I try to press any button and hence trigger the play method in HelloWorld.m
2012-04-23 10:39:18.493 MusicFadingTest[1474:10a03] In _loadMusic
2012-04-23 10:39:18.510 MusicFadingTest[1474:10a03] cocos2d: Frame interval: 1
2012-04-23 10:39:19.405 MusicFadingTest[1474:10a03] *** Assertion failure in -[HelloWorldLayer play:], /Users/user/Desktop/MusicFadingTest/MusicFadingTest/HelloWorldLayer.m:76
2012-04-23 10:39:19.406 MusicFadingTest[1474:10a03] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInternalInconsistencyException', reason: 'not a MusicLayer'
*** First throw call stack:
(0x17f6022 0x1987cd6 0x179ea48 0x11c62cb 0xc264a 0x175c4ed 0x175c407 0x3a3b5 0x3ad73 0x37772 0x17f7e99 0x92821 0x9336f 0x95221 0x8573c0 0x8575e6 0x83ddc4 0x831634 0x27b1ef5 0x17ca195 0x172eff2 0x172d8da 0x172cd84 0x172cc9b 0x27b07d8 0x27b088a 0x82f626 0xc107f 0x2955)
The code above kind of mimics what happenes in the ShootEmUp example but I am missing something. As I cannot get the child by tag..
I asked this question as despite the answer will be probably trivial I hope to get some clarification on the general NON-ModelViewController approach in game programming and the usage of static variables.
I imagine using my MusicLayer in the MainMenu class and in the various layers implementing my levels. I would preload various music files according to the level the player is playing and keep the files that are not level specific preloaded (obviously taking care on the maximum number of sound files supported by the AudioEngine).
The other approach would have been to have a different instance of MusicLayer for each level and initializing them with different music files. The disadvantage of this approach is that the sharedAudioEngine is only one and when you want to have files keep playing between one scene and the other there is the risk of not having a full control on the track numbers used in the sharedAudioEngine (I recall should be 32 caf files for sound effect and few background tracks).
I thus understand why static instances are beneficial in game programming, but still, would love to hear what you think about the biderectional reference in 1 ShootEmUp code.
Also, would like to clarify that I encourage buying 1 as it has been a good starting point.
Thank you very much!
Oh, how much code and letters... First of all, for your question about "static instance". This is not static instance. This is static constructor. So, you can use smth like
CCScene* myScene = [GameScene scene];
instead of
CCScene* myScene = [[GameScene alloc] init];
// doing smth
[myScene release];
So, you will just create an autoreleased instance of your node (in that case, of your scene).
About the music question. You have add your music layer to the scene, but self in your play method will be HelloWorldLayer instance. So if you wanna get your music layer, you can try smth like this
MusicLayer* musicLayer = [[self parent] getChildByTag:MUSICLAYERTAG];
I started playing around with Cocos2D and I figured out to do a sprite animation with sprite sheets.
Now I have a little robot walking around on my screen. But I am wondering how I can put one animation into another.
For example, my robot has a walking animation and I want to move his arms separately. But his shoulders will rise and fall during walking and the arms should move relative to his shoulder position.
My walk animation has five sprites and I have nine different arm positions. Now, I could add the arms to every single walking sprite for all nine arm positions. but then I would have 45 Images instead of 14.
That's a good question (finally!).
What I would do is separate your character into different sprites (you already did this) that are animatable on their own.
Then, whenever a frame of that animation is presented, I would have a block of code executed that modified the position of the arms animation, so it matches the shoulders.
To execute that block of code, you'd need Cocos 1.1 or better, since they added the CCAnimationFrame there, however, those frames can only execute code via an NSNotification, so I made an improvement so we can set a block on a frame, and that block would be executed whenever that frame is displayed.
Just find CCAnimation.h and modify the CCAnimationFrame interface to look like this:
typedef void(^FrameBlock)(CCSprite *sprite);
/** CCAnimationFrame
A frame of the animation. It contains information like:
- sprite frame name
- # of delay units.
- offset
#since v1.1
*/
#interface CCAnimationFrame : NSObject <NSCopying>
{
CCSpriteFrame* spriteFrame_;
float delayUnits_;
NSDictionary *userInfo_;
FrameBlock frameBlock;
}
/** CCSpriteFrameName to be used */
#property (nonatomic, readwrite, retain) CCSpriteFrame* spriteFrame;
/** how many units of time the frame takes */
#property (nonatomic, readwrite) float delayUnits;
/** A CCAnimationFrameDisplayedNotification notification will be broadcasted when the frame is displayed with this dictionary as UserInfo. If UserInfo is nil, then no notification will be broadcasted. */
#property (nonatomic, readwrite, retain) NSDictionary *userInfo;
/** If the block is not NULL, it will be executed when the frame becomes visible **/
#property (nonatomic, readwrite, copy) FrameBlock frameBlock;
/** initializes the animation frame with a spriteframe, number of delay units and a notification user info */
-(id) initWithSpriteFrame:(CCSpriteFrame*)spriteFrame delayUnits:(float)delayUnits userInfo:(NSDictionary*)userInfo;
-(id) initWithSpriteFrame:(CCSpriteFrame*)spriteFrame delayUnits:(float)delayUnits block:(FrameBlock)block;
#end
And then open CCAnimation.m and make sure the CCAnimationFrame implementation looks like this:
#implementation CCAnimationFrame
#synthesize spriteFrame = spriteFrame_, delayUnits = delayUnits_, userInfo=userInfo_;
#synthesize frameBlock;
-(id) initWithSpriteFrame:(CCSpriteFrame *)spriteFrame delayUnits:(float)delayUnits userInfo:(NSDictionary*)userInfo
{
if( (self=[super init]) ) {
self.spriteFrame = spriteFrame;
self.delayUnits = delayUnits;
self.userInfo = userInfo;
}
return self;
}
-(id) initWithSpriteFrame:(CCSpriteFrame*)spriteFrame delayUnits:(float)delayUnits block:(FrameBlock)block{
self = [self initWithSpriteFrame:spriteFrame delayUnits:delayUnits userInfo:nil];
if(self){
[self setFrameBlock:block];
}
return self;
}
-(void) dealloc
{
CCLOGINFO( #"cocos2d: deallocing %#", self);
[spriteFrame_ release];
[userInfo_ release];
[super dealloc];
}
-(id) copyWithZone: (NSZone*) zone
{
CCAnimationFrame *copy = [[[self class] allocWithZone: zone] initWithSpriteFrame:[[spriteFrame_ copy] autorelease] delayUnits:delayUnits_ userInfo:[[userInfo_ copy] autorelease] ];
return copy;
}
-(NSString*) description
{
return [NSString stringWithFormat:#"<%# = %08X | SpriteFrame = %08X, delayUnits = %0.2f >", [self class], self, spriteFrame_, delayUnits_ ];
}
#end
Then, when creating the animation frames, add a block to them in which you set the position of the arms to match the shoulders.
I hope it helps.
I want to set the class tile value by click on the button
if click onPlus it will have a string value = #"+"
if click onMinus it will have a string value = #"-"
here are the code
//Class Tile
#interface Tile : TouchableNode {
NSString *val;
}
-(void) setVal:(NSString *)v
{
val = v;
}
-(NSString *) getVal
{
return val;
}
And the in another class
I have a code like this
for(Tile *tile in player)
{
if (tile.getVal == #"P") {
if (pauseStatus == 0) {
pauseStatus = 1;
[[CCDirector sharedDirector] pause];
CGSize size = [[CCDirector sharedDirector] winSize];
pauseLayer=[[CCLayer alloc] init];
pauseLayer.anchorPoint=ccp(0,0);
pauseLayer = [CCLayerColor layerWithColor: ccc4(0, 0, 255, 125) width: 300 height: 150];
pauseLayer.position = ccp(size.width/2, size.height/2);
pauseLayer.isRelativeAnchorPoint = YES;
[self addChild: pauseLayer z:8];
//Here are 2 two button that when user click it will have #"+" value or #"-"
plusBtn = [CCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:#"plus.png" selectedImage:#"plus.png" target:self selector:#selector(onPlus:)];
minusBTn = [CCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:#"minus.png" selectedImage:#"minus.png" target:self selector:#selector(onMinus:)];
pauseMenu = [CCMenu menuWithItems:plusBtn, minusBTn, nil];
[pauseMenu alignItemsHorizontally];
[self addChild:pauseMenu z:10];
}
}
}
and I have onPlus & onMinus method that I want to send object tile to that method
-(void)onPlus:(Tile *) set
{
NSString *plus = #"+";
[set setVal:plus];
}
-(void)onMinus:(Tile *) set
{
NSString *minus = #"-";
[set setVal:minus];
}
How to pass the object tile to the method??
Or it have another way to make it??
CCMenuItemImage inherits from CCNode, which has a void* userData property. If you assign tile to userData, you could fetch it back from the (id)sender in your onPlus/onMinus methods.
plusBtn = [CCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:#"plus.png" selectedImage:#"plus.png" target:self selector:#selector(onPlus:)];
plusBtn.userData = (void*)tile; // You may need a bridge cast in ARC
minusBTn = [CCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:#"minus.png" selectedImage:#"minus.png" target:self selector:#selector(onMinus:)];
minusBTn.userData = (void*)tile;
-(void)onPlus:(id)senderObj {
CCNode *sender = (CCNode*)senderObj;
Tile *myTile = (Tile*)sender.userData; // Again you may need a bridge cast here
}
If you want to send a Tile object to your onPlus handler, just subclass CCMenuItemImage and make a Tile property:
#interface MyCustomCCMenuItemImage : CustomCCMenuItemImage
#property (nonatomic, retain) Tile* tile;
#end
Here's a rough example of what your code might look like:
- (void)someMethod
{
for(Tile *tile in player)
{
plusBtn = [MyCustomCCMenuItemImage itemFromNormalImage:#"plus.png" selectedImage:#"plus.png" target:self selector:#selector(onPlus:)];
plusBtn.tile = tile ;
}
}
//Your handler
-(void)onPlus:(id)sender
{
Tile *myTile = sender.tile;
}
For string comparisons, you're better off using
[tile.getVal isEqualToString:#"P"]
Since the method you use only works if it's the exact same string (in the same memory location), as opposed to an equivalent string elsewhere .