How to retrieve a name of the frame in Emacs? - emacs

I'd like to retrieve a name of the current frame using elisp. I have discovered that name is a part of frame's properties. The properties is an associated list. I do the following:
(cdr (assoc 'name (frame-parameters)))
But instead of the expected name I receive a mixed list of the name and some properties:
#("main-1" 0 5 (face nil) 5 6 (face nil))
How can I extract "main-1" from this?

There are text properties on that string. You can use substring-no-properties to extract the plain string.
(substring-no-properties
(cdr (assoc 'name (frame-parameters))))
Note that you may not need to do this. The propertized string is still a string, and equal to its no-properties version.
See also: C-hig (elisp) Text Props and Strings RET

Related

Convert binary string to number

Pretty straightforward, but I can't seem to find an answer. I have a string of 1s and 0s such as "01001010" - how would I parse that into a number?
Use string-to-number, which optionally accepts the base:
(string-to-number "01001010" 2)
;; 74
As explained by #sds in a comment, string-to-number returns 0 if the conversion fails. This is unfortunate, since a return value of 0 could also means that the parsing succeeded.
I'd rather use the Common Lisp version of this function, cl-parse-integer. The standard function is described in the Hyperspec, whereas the one in Emacs Lisp is slightly different (in particular, there is no secondary return value):
(cl-parse-integer STRING &key START END RADIX JUNK-ALLOWED)
Parse integer from the substring of STRING from START to END. STRING
may be surrounded by whitespace chars (chars with syntax ‘ ’). Other
non-digit chars are considered junk. RADIX is an integer between 2 and
36, the default is 10. Signal an error if the substring between START
and END cannot be parsed as an integer unless JUNK-ALLOWED is non-nil.
(cl-parse-integer "001010" :radix 2)
=> 10
(cl-parse-integer "0" :radix 2)
=> 0
;; exception on parse error
(cl-parse-integer "no" :radix 2)
=> Debugger: (error "Not an integer string: ‘no’")
;; no exception, but nil in case of errors
(cl-parse-integer "no" :radix 2 :junk-allowed t)
=> nil
;; no exception, parse as much as possible
(cl-parse-integer "010no" :radix 2 :junk-allowed t)
=> 2
This thread has an elisp tag. Because it also has a lisp tag, I would like to show standard Common Lisp versions of two solutions. I checked these on LispWorks only. If my solutions are not standard Common Lisp, maybe someone will correct and improve my solutions.
For solutions
(string-to-number "01001010" 2)
and
(cl-parse-integer "001010" :radix 2)
LispWorks does not have string-to-number and does not have cl-parse-integer.
In LispWorks, you can use:
(parse-integer "01001010" :radix 2)
For the solution
(read (concat "#2r" STRING))
LispWorks does not have concat. You can use concatenate instead. read won't work on strings in LispWorks. You have to give read a stream.
In LispWorks, you can do this:
(read (make-string-input-stream (concatenate 'string "#2r" "01001010")))
You can also use format like this:
(read (make-string-input-stream (format nil "#2r~a" "01001010")))
This seems hacky by comparison, but FWIW you could also do this:
(read (concat "#2r" STRING))
i.e. read a single expression from STRING as a binary number.
This method will signal an error if the expression isn't valid.

How I can change column view (org-mode, agenda) - default settings

(setq org-agenda-custom-commands
'(
("1" "TODAY" agenda "" (
(org-agenda-ndays 1)
(org-agenda-use-time-grid nil)
(org-agenda-overriding-columns-format "%TODO %7EFFORT %PRIORITY %100ITEM 100%TAGS")
(org-agenda-view-columns-initially t)))
("2" "TODO" todo "TODO"(
(org-agenda-files '("/Users/inbox.org"))
(todo "NEXT")))
("3" "DONE" todo "DONE")...
In the first filter (1 = TODAY), I have following function:
org-agenda-overriding-columns-format...
How can I add this function for all my filters (2, 3) and create this as default?
Set the variable in your .emacs (or other initialization file):
(setq org-agenda-overriding-columns-format "%TODO %7EFFORT %PRIORITY %100ITEM 100%TAGS")
BTW, org-agenda-overriding-columns-format is a variable, not a function.
You can set the column widths by customizing the org-columns-default-format variable. So:
M-x customize variable org-columns-default-format
There, you can change the number in front of each column name to the character width you want. For example, if you want the ITEM column to be 50 characters wide, change %25ITEM to %50ITEM.
And if a column doesn't have a numeric value after the percent sign, you can add one.
Hope that helps.

org--agenda-prefix-format %? does not work

Currently, I have my global TODO list shown as follows thanks to erikstokes:
(org-agenda-prefix-format " %i %?-12(concat \"[ \"(org-format-outline-path (list (nth 1 (org-get-outline-path)))) \" ]\") ")))
which outputs:
for org layout:
However, as you can see, for Task A, even though there is nothing in the project, it still shows up on the list.
describe-variable for org-agenda-prefix-format says :
If the first character after `%' is a question mark, the entire field
will only be included if the corresponding value applies to the current
entry. This is useful for fields which should have fixed width when
present, but zero width when absent.
So I feel like by using %?, [ ] shouldn't be there for Task A, yet it still shows up.
The problem is that the field is never empty: it will always contain at least the left and right square brackets plus the white space to bring it to a width of 12.
The solution is to write a function that returns either an empty string or the bracketed project and use that in the format:
(defun foo ()
(let ((x (nth 1 (org-get-outline-path))))
(if x
(concat "[ " (org-format-outline-path (list x)) " ]")
"")))
(setq org-agenda-prefix-format " %i %?-12(foo) "

When do variables output properly in skeletons functions?

I'm trying to write a skeleton-function to output expressions in a loop. Out of a loop I can do,
(define-skeleton test
""
> "a")
When I evaluate this function it outputs "a" into the working buffer as desired. However, I'm having issues when inserting this into a loop. I now have,
(define-skeleton test
"A test skeleton"
(let ((i 1))
(while (< i 5)
>"a"
(setq i (1+ i)))))
I would expect this to output "aaaaa". However, instead nothing is outputted into the working buffer in this case. What is happening when I insert the loop?
The > somestring skeleton dsl does not work inside lisp forms.
You can however concatenate the string inside a loop:
(define-skeleton barbaz
""
""
(let ((s ""))
(dotimes (i 5)
(setq s (concat s "a")))
s)
)
My understanding is that code such as
> "a"
only works at the first nesting level inside a skeleton.
[EDIT] Regarding your question
What is happening when I insert the loop?
The return value of the let form (that is, the return value of the while form)is inserted. I do not know why it does not raise an error when evaluating > "a", but the return value of a while form is nil, so nothing is inserted.
I do agree that there's not much point using define-skeleton if you're going to need an (insert function within the skeleton.
This is also a rather trivial example to be using define-skeleton.
That said, they are often easier to read than a defun and useful when you want to create a function that inserts text (and optionally, takes input).
For example you may wish to have a different character repeated a set no. of times... Below, str refers to the argument supplied with the function (usually a string) and v1, v2 are the default names for local variables in a skeleton. Thus:
(define-skeleton s2 ""
nil ; don't prompt for value of 'str'
'(set 'v1 (make-string 5 (string-to-char str)))
\n v1 \n \n)
Below, calling the function leads to a newline, the string, then leaves the cursor at the position indicated by the square brackets [].
(s2 "a")
aaaaa
[]

Convert string to code in Scheme

How do I convert a string into the corresponding code in PLT Scheme (which does not contain the string->input-port method)? For example, I want to convert this string:
"(1 (0) 1 (0) 0)"
into this list:
'(1 (0) 1 (0) 0)
Is it possible to do this without opening a file?
Scheme has procedure read for reading s-expressions from input port and you can convert a string to input stream with string->input-port. So, you can read a Scheme object from a string with
(read (string->input-port "(1 (0) 1 (0) 0)"))
I don't have Scheme installed, so I only read it from reference and didn't actually test it.
From PLT Scheme manual:
(open-input-string string [name-v]) creates an input port that reads bytes from the UTF-8 encoding (see section 1.2.3) of string. The optional name-v argument is used as the name for the returned port; the default is 'string.
From this similar question on comp.lang.scheme you can save the string to a file then read from it.
That might go something like this example code:
(let ((my-port (open-output-file "Foo")))
(display "(1 (0) 1 (0) 0)" my-port)
(close-output-port my-port))
(let* ((my-port (open-input-file "Foo"))
(answer (read my-port)))
(close-input-port my-port)
answer)
Many schemes have with-input-from-string str thunk that executes thunk in a context where str is the standard input port. For example in gambit scheme:
(with-input-from-string "(foo bar)"
(lambda () (read)))
evaluates to:
(foo bar)
The lambda is necessary because a thunk should be a procedure taking no arguments.