I am trying to program the Arudino Nano from Eclipse. It has the same processor as the Uno (Atmega328p). I have had this working before with the Uno, but have since gotten a new hard drive and had to reinstall/reconfigure everything. I am running Fedora 19 with Eclipse Kepler. I am getting an error in the build process that I don't even know where to start looking to solve, and Google hasn't been much help...
Here is the error:
make all
Building target: Arduino_Template.elf
Invoking: AVR C Linker
avr-gcc -Wl,-Map,Arduino_Template.map -mmcu=atmega328p -o "Arduino_Template.elf" ./Analog.o -l/usr/avr
/usr/lib/gcc/avr/4.8.2/../../../../avr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/usr/avr
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [Arduino_Template.elf] Error 1
17:29:38 Build Finished (took 124ms)
Has anyone encountered this before? Or does anyone have any suggestions?
Thanks.
The problem could be described like this:
First, the library should be specified only by its name and without the "lib" prefix and the ".a" suffix. The linker (this is where you get the error) will look for the library within the specified in the project paths and will add whatever is necessary to the file library name. So if the library you need is named mystuff it will look for a file named libmystuff.a.
In your case this is specified by the -l/usr/avr which I think could be misconfiguration or you did not copy/paste the entire error output. With the '-l' option you specify the name only, not the entire path to the file.
Second, the path should be specified, in the project configuration, where to look for the libraries, otherwise the linker will look for the library files only within your own project only. Often libraries are part of another project - so you need to adjust the project configuration accordingly.
I had similar problem and this is how I solved it ...
Go to menu Project/Properties. On left - choose "C/C++ Build". On right - choose the tab "Tool Settings". On the tree view choose "AVR C Linker" then "Libraries" sub-item. You are where you may need to make changes.
The list of "Libraries" is where you add libraries names, such as mystuff.
The Libraries Path is where you specify the paths to the libraries. This may look like this: "${workspace_loc:/mystuff/Release}"
The result of this is that the linker will look for this file: /mystuff/Release/libmystuff.a under you workspace root folder.
Related
I fail to link the pistache library in Eclipse C++ on my Ubuntu machine. I already make this reference:
Properties > C/C++ Build > Settings > Tool Settings
Under GCC C++ Linker > Libraries > Library search path
Under GCC C++ Compiler > Includes > Include paths
Add /usr/local/include/pistache to each
It throws a bunch of errors like this:
.... undefined reference to `Pistache::Ipv4::any()'
Why does this fail? The autocomplete is able to see the reference when I try rewrite the whole line, but it still errors out.
You have to let the linker use shared libraries and pass the -fpic option to the compiler:
a. First step -shared, see this image
b. Last Step Position Independent Code -fPic, see this image
Update
Another way to solve this is:
a. Add support for pthread to the linker
b.Add pistache to libraries in the linker
I am trying to build a small project to create a library of functions I use often.
I am expecting to do only the compiling without linking. So my end output should be a .o file and not an executable.
Any way to change this (I dont want to write a make file ).
At the moment, it is giving the below error since it is using -o and my project does not have a main.
(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [util] Error 1
You have two options.
Create a "library project" via the "New" -> "Project..." wizard. Eclipse CDT will provide a default configuration that instructs the compiler to create an object file instead of an executable.
You can change the configuration of your existing project. To do this, right-click on your project, and select "Properties". Then, navigate to "C/C++ Build" -> Settings. Switch to the "Build Artifact"-tab, and change the "Artifact Type" to either "Shared Library" or "Static Library".
Hope this helps.
I use Eclipse + ARM plugin to build my projects. When I needed to use in my project the StemWin library, I configured my IDE to use external library.
I set
Preferences -> C/C++ General -> Paths and Symbols
I added in "Library Paths" the link to my folder includes library.
I also added the name of my library in tab "Library".
I checked the settings in the compiler tab and I ascertained all should be good.
When I tried to build my project I got an error from linker:
cannot find -lMyLib.a Hello C/C++ Problem
I double checked the name of my library and link, all are correct. This is the output of my linker:
arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=hard -L"C:\lib"
-T"C:\arm_toolchain\stm32_workspace\Hello\LinkerScript.ld" -Wl,
-Map=output.map -Wl,--gc-sections -o "Hello.elf" #"objects.list" -lMyLib.a
What should I do from here?
I faced the same problem before.
-l:STemWin526_CM4_GCC.a
-L"C:\Edu_Workspace\STM32F4\stm32f4_bsp_template\Drivers\Middlewares\ST\STemWin\Lib"
Above are my working settings.
With -l:<archive file name> the colon : is important for archive file linking.
And -L will contain library path.
Also for stemwin make sure to compile with hardware floating point
-mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
the convention for the -l option of the linker (say you give -lMyLib.a as a linker option) is to search for a library file with "lib" prepended to the given name and .a (or .so) appended, i.e. your command line searches for a file libMyLib.a.{a,so} which is probably not how it's named.
Either you rename your library according to this convention or give it to the linker command line omitting -l (provided your IDE allows you to do so).
Looks like the problem is in -lMyLib.a which means you're trying to link a static library as a dynamic one.
To link a static lib you have to use its path as with ordinary .o files: ... /path/to/MyLib.a
and the resulting command line should look something like
arm-none-eabi-gcc -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=hard -L"C:\lib" -T"C:\arm_toolchain\stm32_workspace\Hello\LinkerScript.ld" -Wl,-Map=output.map -Wl,--gc-sections -o "Hello.elf" #"objects.list" /path/to/MyLib.a
UPDATE:
Although it might fix the issue, turns out it's not true:
-llibrary
-l library
...
Normally the files found this way are library files—archive files whose members are object files. The linker handles an archive file by scanning through it for members which define symbols that have so far been referenced but not defined. But if the file that is found is an ordinary object file, it is linked in the usual fashion. The only difference between using an -l option and specifying a file name is that -l surrounds library with ‘lib’ and ‘.a’ and searches several directories.
(https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Link-Options.html)
I am trying to create an eclipse project from a cmake project .
I used the following command
cmake -G "Eclipse CDT4 - Unix Makefiles" ./`
it gives the following error
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:119 (find_package):
By not providing "FindGlib.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project has
asked CMake to find a package configuration file provided by "Glib", but
CMake did not find one.
Could not find a package configuration file provided by "Glib" (requested
version 2.28) with any of the following names:
GlibConfig.cmake
glib-config.cmake
Add the installation prefix of "Glib" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set
"Glib_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files. If "Glib"
provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has been
installed.
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
I have glib installed . actually it couldn't resolve the path i guess. wherever find is there in cmake file , it is giving the smiler errors. please i suggest a way out, i badly need to load this project in cmake. Thanks.
Here is line 119 where error message is pointing
find_package(Glib 2.28 REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Glib_INCLUDE_DIRS})
list(APPEND LIBS ${Glib_LIBRARIES})
add_definitions(${Glib_DEFINITIONS})
When you call find_package(MyPackage) in a CMake file, it tries to find a FindMyPackage.cmake configuration in its system path (/usr/share/cmake-2.8/Modules on my Ubuntu box), or in the directory you did specify as CMAKE_MODULE_PATH).
The solution to your problem is to create a directory for modules in your source tree (e.g. CMakeModules), put in it a FindGlib.cmake file that you can find using Google, and add
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/CMakeModules)
in your CMakeLists.txt before the actual call to find_package.
(your problem is not related to the Eclipse generator, you could remove that from the title of the question).
I have different behaviour of compiler, when building project from IDE and from command-line, which I can not explain.
The detailed issue's description is rather big, but it's really simple.
I have a C++ Builder project, which has a PAS-file included (IncludeUnits.pas). This pas-file has several units and inc-files listed. These files are located in separate folders and these folders are listed in library&include paths in project's options.
Folders layout:
C:\Demo\Bin
C:\Demo\Project
C:\Demo\Project\CBuilder5
C:\Demo\Project\Common
C:\Demo\Source
C:\Demo\Source\Common
Bin is output folder, Project/CBuilder5 holds project (bpr-file), Project/Common holds included pas-file (IncludeUnits.pas), Source and Source/Common hold other files (pas&inc). I think that it's pretty usual layout.
C:\Demo\Project\Common\ IncludeUnits.pas :
unit IncludeUnits;
interface
uses
Test;
implementation
end.
C:\Demo\Source\ Test.pas :
unit Test;
interface
{$I Test.inc}
implementation
end.
C:\Demo\Source\Common\ Test.inc :
// this file is empty
If I compile this project from C++ Builder IDE - it will compile fine. C++ Builder IDE doesn't have any additional paths in IDE settings set.
Now, I want to compile it from command-line. First, I issue
bpr2mak.exe MyProject.bpr
command.
This command creates MyProject.mak file, where I can see all paths ("....\Source" and "....\Source\Common" are the paths in question):
...
INCLUDEPATH = $(BCB)\include;$(BCB)\include\vcl;..\Common;..\..\Source;..\..\Source\Common
LIBPATH = $(BCB)\lib\obj;$(BCB)\lib;..\Common;..\..\Source;..\..\Source\Common
...
Now, I run make command:
make.exe -B -f"MyProject.mak"
It gives me the following output:
C:\PROGRA~1\Borland\CBUILD~2\BIN\dcc32 -N2....\Bin -N0....\Bin -$Y+ -$W -$R -v -JPHNE -M -UC:\PROGRA~1\Borland\CBUILD~2\bin..\include;C:\PROGRA~1\Borland\CBUILD~2\bin..\include\vcl;..\Common;..\..\Source;..\..\Source\Common -D_DEBUG;_RTLDLL;NO_STRICT -OC:\PROGRA~1\Borland\CBUILD~2\bin..\include;C:\PROGRA~1\Borland\CBUILD~2\bin..\include\vcl;..\Common;..\..\Source;..\..\Source\Common --BCB ..\Common\IncludeUnits.PAS
Borland Delphi Version 13.0 Copyright (c) 1983,99 Inprise Corporation
C:\Demo\Project\Common\IncludeUnits.pas(1) C:\Demo\Project\Common\IncludeUnits.pas(1) C:\Demo\Project\Common\IncludeUnits.pas(1) C:\Demo\Project\Common\IncludeUnits.pas(6) C:\Demo\Source\Test.pas(1) C:\Demo\Source\Test.pas(5) Fatal: File not found: 'Test.inc'
As you can see - all search path is passed to compiler and the file (Test.inc) is all here - in that Source\Common folder. But still compiler can't find it?
Of course, I run both commands from folder with bpr-file. And changing paths to absolute doesn't help.
Copying Test.inc from Source\Common to Source will help. Changing {$I Test.inc} to {$I Common\Test.inc} will also help.
Why? It seems that I'm missing something. Remember: project have no problems with compiling from IDE, Test.inc is found without copying or changing declaration. Did I miss some switch to make or dcc32?
I found the reason: command line for dcc32 misses -I switch, which specifies paths for include files.
For some reason, bpr2mak doesn't respect this option. Fortunately, it allows you to specify alternate template for conversion bpr -> mak. I edited default template and added "-I" option to it, pass new template to bpr2mak - and it worked.