For the sake of argument, let's say I have this 3 x 3 x 2 matrix:
A = [5 7 8; 0 1 9; 4 3 6];
A(:,:,2) = [1 0 4; 3 5 6; 9 8 7];
And I'd like to pick out the first matrix (dimension: 3 x 3 x 1), how do I do it?
Short answer, already in the comments, is:
A(:,:,1)
Longer answer:
You can pick out any (hyper)-rectangular subset of a matric by simply specifying the elements you want per dimension, weather there are 1, 2, 3, 4 or more dimensions in the array. In short:
Each dimension is specified, in order. Dimension 1 is specifies row, dimension 2 specifies column, dimensions 3 and up are not usually visualized, so just represnt 3 and up
For each dimension you can specify one of the following: a) A single index number, b) A vector of index numbers, or c) a logical vector the same length as the dimension you are selecting from d) :, which represents all elements in this dimension.
Per dimension specifiers are ANDed together, resulting in a (hyper)-rectangular array.
For example, using your A array:
A = [5 7 8; 0 1 9; 4 3 6];
A(:,:,2) = [1 0 4; 3 5 6; 9 8 7];
To subset the first matrix you need: all of dimension 1 ":", all of dimension 2 ":", and the first element of dimension 3 "1". Therefore:
A(:,:,1) %Returns 5 7 8
% 0 1 9
% 4 3 6
To get the first and third columns of the second page, use:
A(:, [1 3], 2) %Returns 1 4
% 3 6
% 9 7
To get all rows which end in 9 from the first matrax, you can use:
mask = A(:,3,1)==9; %Returns logical [0; 1; 0];
A(mask, :, 1); %Returns [0 1 9;
Related
I have a column vector A (6x1) with values [6 3 10 4 2 8]'; and a matrix B (6x5) with values
B = [1 2 3 0 4 ;
3 7 8 5 0 ;
0 9 1 0 1 ;
5 0 3 1 2 ;
4 6 7 6 4 ;
3 1 2 7 3]
I want to make five matrices with size 6x2 using Matlab.
The first column is vector A
The second column is columns from B, like [A, B(first col)], [A, B(second col)]
First matrix is [6 1; 3 3; 10 0; 4 5; 2 4; 8 3];
2nd matrix is [6 2; 3 7; 10 9; 4 0; 2 6; 8 1]
... and so on
Any help I really appreciate it
You could use a loop
C = NaN( size(B,1), 2, size(B,2) );
for ii = 1:size(B,2)
C(:,:,ii) = [A, B(:,ii)];
end
This gives you a 3D array, where each slice in the 3rd dimension is a 6x2 matrix (for this example) as desired. You would access the nth slice with C(:,:,n).
You can do this slightly more concisely with arrayfun, but it's basically a loop in disguise
C = arrayfun( #(ii) [A, B(:,ii)], 1:size(B,2), 'uni', 0 );
C = cat(3, C{:} );
You could omit the cat function if you're happy with results in a cell array, where you access the nth matrix with C{n}.
You could first make a copy of the columns of A, then concatenate A and B, and reshape:
At = repmat(A, 1, size(B,2));
C = reshape([At;B], 6, 2, []);
Or oneliner:
C = reshape([repmat(A, 1, size(B,2));B], 6, 2, []);
Then retrieve your matrices with C(:,:,k)
you can use this
first_matrix=[A,B(:,1)];
second_matrix=[A,B(:,2)];
third_matrix=[A,B(:,3)];
... and so on
This question already has answers here:
Got confused with a vector indexed by a matrix, in Matlab
(2 answers)
Closed 8 years ago.
Suppose:
a =
1 2 3
4 5 6
2 3 4
and
b =
1 3 2
6 4 8
In MATLABa(b) gives:
>> a(b)
ans =
1 2 4
3 2 6
What is the reason for this output?
when you have a matrix a:
a =
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
and b:
b =
1 3 4
3 2 6
then a(b) is a way of adressing items in a and gives you:
>> a(b)
ans =
1 7 2
7 4 8
to understand this you have to think of a als a single column vector
>> a(:)
ans =
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
now the first row of b (1 3 4) addresses elements in this vector so the first, the 3rd and the forth element of that single column vector which are 1 7 and 2 are adressed. Next the secound row of b is used as adresses for a secound line in the output so the 3rd, the 2nd and the 6th elements are taken from a, those are 7 4 and 8.
It's just a kind of matrix indexing.
Matrix indexes numeration in 'a' matrix is:
1 4 7
2 5 8
3 6 9
This is a possible duplicate to this post where I gave an answer: Got confused with a vector indexed by a matrix, in Matlab
However, I would like to duplicate my answer here as I think it is informative.
That's a very standard MATLAB operation that you're doing. When you have a vector or a matrix, you can provide another vector or matrix in order to access specific values. Accessing values in MATLAB is not just limited to single indices (i.e. A(1), A(2) and so on).
For example, let's say we had a vector a = [1 2 3 4]. Let's also say we had b as a matrix such that it was b = [1 2 3; 1 2 3; 1 2 3]. By doing a(b) to access the vector, what you are essentially doing is a lookup. The output is basically the same size as b, and you are creating a matrix where there are 3 rows, and each element accesses the first, second and third element. Not only can you do this for a vector, but you can do this for a matrix as well.
Bear in mind that when you're doing this for a matrix, you access the elements in column major format. For example, supposing we had this matrix:
A = [1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8]
A(1) would be 1, A(2) would be 3, A(3) would be 5 and so on. You would start with the first column, and increasing indices will traverse down the first column. Once you hit the 5th index, it skips over to the next column. So A(5) would be 2, A(6) would be 4 and so on.
Here are some examples to further your understanding. Let's define a matrix A such that:
A = [5 1 3
7 8 0
4 6 2]
Here is some MATLAB code to strengthen your understanding for this kind of indexing:
A = [5 1 3; 7 8 0; 4 6 2]; % 3 x 3 matrix
B = [1 2 3 4];
C = A(B); % C should give [5 7 4 1]
D = [5 6 7; 1 2 3; 4 5 6];
E = A(D); % E should give [8 6 3; 5 7 4; 1 8 6]
F = [9 8; 7 6; 1 2];
G = A(F); % G should give [2 0; 3 6; 5 7]
As such, the output when you access elements this way is whatever the size of the vector or matrix that you specify as the argument.
In order to be complete, let's do this for a vector:
V = [-1 9 7 3 0 5]; % A 6 x 1 vector
B = [1 2 3 4];
C = V(B); % C should give [-1 9 7 3]
D = [1 3 5 2];
E = V(D); % E should give [-1 7 0 9]
F = [1 2; 4 5; 6 3];
G = V(F); % G should give [-1 9; 3 0; 5 7]
NB: You have to make sure that you are not providing indexes that would make the accessing out of bounds. For example if you tried to specify the index of 5 in your example, it would give you an error. Also, if you tried anything bigger than 9 in my example, it would also give you an error. There are 9 elements in that 3 x 3 matrix, so specifying a column major index of anything bigger than 9 will give you an out of bounds error.
The following codes runs in Matlab:
a = [1 2 3 4]
b = [ 1 2 3; 1 2 3; 1 2 3]
a(b)
The result of a(b) is a matrix:
[ 1 2 3; 1 2 3; 1 2 3]
Can anyone explain what happened here? Why a vector can be indexed by a matrix, how to interpret the result?
That's a very standard MATLAB operation that you're doing. When you have a vector or a matrix, you can provide another vector or matrix in order to access specific values. Accessing values in MATLAB is not just limited to single indices (i.e. A(1), A(2) and so on).
For example, what you have there is a vector of a = [1 2 3 4]. When you try to use b to access the vector, what you are essentially doing is a lookup. The output is basically the same size as b, and what you are doing is creating a matrix where there are 3 rows, and each element accesses the first, second and third element. Not only can you do this for a vector, but you can do this for a matrix as well.
Bear in mind that when you're doing this for a matrix, you access the elements in column major format. For example, supposing we had this matrix:
A = [1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8]
A(1) would be 1, A(2) would be 3, A(3) would be 5 and so on. You would start with the first column, and increasing indices will traverse down the first column. Once you hit the 5th index, it skips over to the next column. So A(5) would be 2, A(6) would be 4 and so on.
Here are some examples to further your understanding. Let's define a matrix A such that:
A = [5 1 3
7 8 0
4 6 2]
Here is some MATLAB code to strengthen your understanding for this kind of indexing:
A = [5 1 3; 7 8 0; 4 6 2]; % 3 x 3 matrix
B = [1 2 3 4];
C = A(B); % C should give [5 7 4 1]
D = [5 6 7; 1 2 3; 4 5 6];
E = A(D); % E should give [8 6 3; 5 7 4; 1 8 6]
F = [9 8; 7 6; 1 2];
G = A(F); % G should give [2 0; 3 6; 5 7]
As such, the output when you access elements this way is whatever the size of the vector or matrix that you specify as the argument.
In order to be complete, let's do this for a vector:
V = [-1 9 7 3 0 5]; % A 6 x 1 vector
B = [1 2 3 4];
C = V(B); % C should give [-1 9 7 3]
D = [1 3 5 2];
E = V(D); % E should give [-1 7 0 9]
F = [1 2; 4 5; 6 3];
G = V(F); % G should give [-1 9; 3 0; 5 7]
NB: You have to make sure that you are not providing indexes that would make the accessing out of bounds. For example if you tried to specify the index of 5 in your example, it would give you an error. Also, if you tried anything bigger than 9 in my example, it would also give you an error. There are 9 elements in that 3 x 3 matrix, so specifying a column major index of anything bigger than 9 will give you an out of bounds error.
Notice that the return value of a(b) is the same size as b.
a(b) simply takes each element of b, call it b(i,j), as an index and returns the outputs a(b(i,j)) as a matrix the same size as b. You should play around with other examples to get a more intuitive feel for this:
b = [4 4 4; 4 4 4];
a(b) % Will return [4 4 4; 4 4 4]
c = [5; 5];
a(c) % Will error as 5 is out of a's index range
I have a matrix A of size nRows x nCols.
I have a nx2 matrix B which contains indices of the matrix A.
I want to get the values of A at the indices given in B.
lets say,
B = [1, 2;
2, 3;
3, 4]
A(1,2) = 1
A(2,3) = 2
A(3,4) = 1
I want to know any Matlab command which gives the following, given A and B (I don't want to use loops):
[1 2 1]
I guess this is what you are looking for:
A(sub2ind(size(A),B(:,1),B(:,2)))
This is what you want:
A = [1,2; 3, 4; 5, 6; 7,8; 9,0]; % this is your N by 2 matrix
B = [1,1; 1,2; 2,1; 3, 1; 4,2]; % these are your indexes
A(sub2ind(size(A), B(:,1), B(:,2)))
A =
1 2
3 4
5 6
7 8
9 0
B =
1 1
1 2
2 1
3 1
4 2
ans =
1
2
3
5
8
In matlab, If an m by 3 matrix has rows that all exist in a bigger n by 3 matrix, how can I create a (n-m) by 3 matrix that does not contain the rows of the first (m by 3) matrix?
e.g. if the first matrix is [1 4 6] and the second matrix [1 2 3; 1 4 6; 8 7 4], how can I come up with the matrix: [1 2 3;8 7 4]?
That's a job for ismember with the 'rows' option:
a = [1 4 6];
b = [1 2 3; 1 4 6; 8 7 4];
eq_rows = ismember(b,a,'rows');
result = b(~eq_rows,:)