How do I install PIL?
>pip install PIL
Downloading/unpacking PIL
Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement PIL
Some externally hosted files were ignored (use --allow-external PIL to allow).
Cleaning up...
No distributions at all found for PIL
Storing debug log for failure in /root/.pip/pip.log
>pip uninstall PIL
Can't uninstall 'PIL'. No files were found to uninstall.
pip install PIL --allow-external PIL --allow-unverified PIL
This is due to changes in the new version of Pip. Run pip --version and I'm willing to bet you are running 1.5. See the changelog here. This new default behavior enhances security. In PIL's case, the file you are installing actually comes from effbot.org (thus --allow-external) and PyPi doesn't have a checksum to guarantee validity (thus --allow-unverified).
Also, you might consider using the Pillow replacement to PIL.
Updated info for those reading in 2016:
--allow-external
and
--allow-unverified
were recently deprecated. Installing packages external to PyPi using pip is no longer supported: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0470/
As an alternative, when you really need to install that external package, you can download the source code and run its setup.py. For example, for PIL 1.1.7, download from http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/, then:
$ tar xvfz Imaging-1.1.7.tar.gz
$ cd Imaging-1.1.7
$ python setup.py install
(^ from the PIL README)
If you only want to install the package to a specific virtualenv, you can just activate your virtualenv first. ** thanks #Caumons
Alternatively, substitute the path to your virtualenv for 'python' in the third line, e.g.:
$ /home/username/virtualenv-name/bin/python setup.py install
Related
I have successfully installed Pillow:
chris#MBPvonChristoph sources % python3 -m pip install --upgrade Pillow
Collecting Pillow
Using cached Pillow-9.0.1-1-cp310-cp310-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl (2.7 MB)
Installing collected packages: Pillow
Successfully installed Pillow-9.0.1
but when i try to use it in pycharm got:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/chris/PycharmProjects/pythonProject2/main.py", line 1, in
from PIL import Image
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PIL'
or using in Blender i got:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PIL'
I am not a python lib installing pro...so obviously i made something wrong. But how do i fix that?
Maybe i have to say i am working on a M1 Macbook
looks like you may need to repoint your pycharm to your installed python interpreter.
go to command line and find out python interpreter path. On windows you can where python in your command line an it will give you where your python and packages are installed.. You could also activate python directly in command line and find paths from there. For example, open command line then;
python
press enter = activates python
within then you can do:
import sys
for x in sys.path: x
In pycharm make sure you point to path discovered from step 1 and select that to be your python interpreter within pycharm --- check out examples here https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/configuring-python-interpreter.html#add-existing-interpreter
Should work. Not sure about all the steps you took, but if you installed python with pycharm on top of your regular installation of python i would recommend :
finding all the paths from step 1
deleting python using system
checking if folders found from paths step still exist
if they do, delete those as well
start over just with one python installation
repoint to that in pycharm
first
pip uninstall PIL
after uninstall
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
python3 -m pip install --upgrade Pillow
or
brew install Pillow
When trying to import SkewT into my python3 code on a Mac (Mojave 10.14.6):
from metpy.plots import SkewT
I get the error:
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cartopy'
pip3 install cartopy gives the output
Collecting cartopy
Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/e5/92/fe8838fa8158931906dfc4f16c5c1436b3dd2daf83592645b179581403ad/Cartopy-0.17.0.tar.gz (8.9MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 8.9MB 616kB/s
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
ERROR: Complete output from command /usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py get_requires_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpj50b1vfe:
ERROR: setup.py:171: UserWarning: Unable to determine GEOS version. Ensure you have 3.3.3 or later installed, or installation may fail.
'.'.join(str(v) for v in GEOS_MIN_VERSION), ))
Proj 4.9.0 must be installed.
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command "/usr/local/opt/python/bin/python3.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py get_requires_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpj50b1vfe" failed with error code 1 in /private/tmp/pip-install-b5cu8485/cartopy
To start, I tried to install Proj and geos, but pip3 only lists version 0.1.0 for proj and 0.2.2 for geos. Before I get too far down this rabbit hole, I thought I'd see if anyone else has encountered this problem. Thanks!
So it looks like MetPy 0.10 accidentally picked up a hard dependency on CartoPy, which we did not really plan. You can track our resolution of that here.
CartoPy depends on a lot of compiled libraries that are not pip-installable unfortunately. Your best bet is to look at CartoPy's install instructions. If you're using Anaconda or Canopy, those distributions have pre-built CartoPy packages available.
One option to work around this is to install MetPy 0.9:
pip install metpy==0.9
Do you use Conda? The easiest way to remedy this problem is to install CartoPy (or MetPy for that manner) via conda, so that all of the right dependencies are also downloaded: conda install -c conda-forge cartopy or conda install -c conda-forge metpy. Pip doesn't bring all of them together, so that leads to this problem being raised.
Thanks. Without conda, I was also able to complete this (more painful) installation:
- brew install geos
- brew install proj
- pip3 install cython
- pip3 install git+https://github.com/SciTools/cartopy.git#master
(see http://louistiao.me/posts/installing-cartopy-on-mac-osx-1011/)
I am running virtualenvwrapper and friends on Ubuntu 12.04 (virtualenvwrapper 1.7.1.2, virtualenv 1.7.1.2, pip 1.0, Distribute 0.6.24, Python 2.7). To be able to pip install matplotlib I need a newer version of Distribute/setuptools, so I do the following:
$ mkvirtualenv new_venv
$ pip install matplotlib # fails
$ easy_install -U distribute
# installs Distribute 0.7.3 in the venv,
# which then installs setuptools 1.3.1
$ pip install matplotlib # works
However, when I run pip freeze I get:
argparse==1.2.1
distribute==0.7.3 # here's Distribute
matplotlib==1.3.1
nose==1.3.0
numpy==1.8.0
pyparsing==2.0.1
python-dateutil==2.2
six==1.4.1
tornado==3.1.1
wsgiref==0.1.2
Where is setuptools? I've tried just pip install setuptools and it also fails to show up there.
pip won't list packages that pip itself depends on unless you tell it to. You may include such packages by doing:
pip freeze --all
freeze lists packages in a requirements-format - for use in requirements files etc - while list is just that, a list.
See Pip freeze vs. pip list for more details.
On Ubuntu setuptools is installed by the systems package manager. So it is not listed when you pip freeze. While creating a virtualenv, you will get these messages
mkvirtualenv test
New python executable in test/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
If you do a pip freeze immediately after this, you will get something like this
argparse==1.2.1
wsgiref==0.1.2
Here setuptools and pip wont be listed.
If you want everything you can do a pip list which gives something like this.
argparse (1.2.1)
pip (1.5.6)
setuptools (3.6)
wsgiref (0.1.2)
You can cd to YOUR_ENV/lib/pythonxx/site-packages/ and have a look, but is there any convenient ways?
pip freeze list all the packages installed including the system environment's.
You can list only packages in the virtualenv by
pip freeze --local
or
pip list --local.
This option works irrespective of whether you have global site packages visible in the virtualenv.
Note that restricting the virtualenv to not use global site packages isn't the answer to the problem, because the question is on how to separate the two lists, not how to constrain our workflow to fit limitations of tools.
Credits to #gvalkov's comment here. Cf. also pip issue 85.
Calling pip command inside a virtualenv should list the packages visible/available in the isolated environment. Make sure to use a recent version of virtualenv that uses option --no-site-packages by default. This way the purpose of using virtualenv is to create a python environment without access to packages installed in system python.
Next, make sure you use pip command provided inside the virtualenv (YOUR_ENV/bin/pip). Or just activate the virtualenv (source YOUR_ENV/bin/activate) as a convenient way to call the proper commands for python interpreter or pip
~/Projects$ virtualenv --version
1.9.1
~/Projects$ virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python2.7 demoenv2.7
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/bin/python2.7
New python executable in demoenv2.7/bin/python2.7
Also creating executable in demoenv2.7/bin/python
Installing setuptools............................done.
Installing pip...............done.
~/Projects$ cd demoenv2.7/
~/Projects/demoenv2.7$ bin/pip freeze
wsgiref==0.1.2
~/Projects/demoenv2.7$ bin/pip install commandlineapp
Downloading/unpacking commandlineapp
Downloading CommandLineApp-3.0.7.tar.gz (142kB): 142kB downloaded
Running setup.py egg_info for package commandlineapp
Installing collected packages: commandlineapp
Running setup.py install for commandlineapp
Successfully installed commandlineapp
Cleaning up...
~/Projects/demoenv2.7$ bin/pip freeze
CommandLineApp==3.0.7
wsgiref==0.1.2
What's strange in my answer is that package 'wsgiref' is visible inside the virtualenv. Its from my system python. Currently I do not know why, but maybe it is different on your system.
In Python3
pip list
Empty venv is
Package Version
---------- -------
pip 19.2.3
setuptools 41.2.0
To create a new environment
python3 -m venv your_foldername_here
Activate
cd your_foldername_here
source bin/activate
Deactivate
deactivate
You can also stand in the folder and give the virtual environment a name/folder (python3 -m venv name_of_venv).
Venv is a subset of virtualenv that is shipped with Python after 3.3.
list out the installed packages in the virtualenv
step 1:
workon envname
step 2:
pip freeze
it will display the all installed packages and installed packages and versions
If you're still a bit confused about virtualenv you might not pick up how to combine the great tips from the answers by Ioannis and Sascha. I.e. this is the basic command you need:
/YOUR_ENV/bin/pip freeze --local
That can be easily used elsewhere. E.g. here is a convenient and complete answer, suited for getting all the local packages installed in all the environments you set up via virtualenvwrapper:
cd ${WORKON_HOME:-~/.virtualenvs}
for dir in *; do [ -d $dir ] && $dir/bin/pip freeze --local > /tmp/$dir.fl; done
more /tmp/*.fl
why don't you try pip list
Remember I'm using pip version 19.1 on python version 3.7.3
If you are using pip 19.0.3 and python 3.7.4. Then go for pip list command in your virtualenv. It will show all the installed packages with respective versions.
.venv/bin/pip freeze worked for me in bash.
In my case the flask version was only visible under so I had to go to
C:\Users\\AppData\Local\flask\venv\Scripts>pip freeze --local
Using python3 executable only, from:
Gitbash:
winpty my_venv_dir/bin/python -m pip freeze
Linux:
my_venv_dir/bin/python -m pip freeze
I recently lost my HDD and am currently in the process of rebuilding my laptop (running Mountain Lion) dev system. This afternoon I went to install virtualenvwrapper and ran into some weirdness that prevents me from installing virtualenvwrapper.
I've done the following:
Installed setup tools.
Used easy_install-2.7 to install pip.
Used pip-2.7 to install virtual env.
When I go to install virtualenvwrapper using pip-2.7, I get the following (see below). The -2.5,-2.6,-2.7 suffixes seem to be a new thing for mountain lion? I've tried the same process without the suffixes, but that didn't work either.
I'm posting because I suspect something is majorly awry here, and would like to get to the bottom of it before it becomes a more insidious problem down the road.
Is it better for me to download and install a fresh version of 2.7, and set up my paths to use it?
Downloads sudo pip-2.7 install virtualenvwrapper
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): virtualenvwrapper in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): virtualenv in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): virtualenv-clone in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): stevedore in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Downloading/unpacking distribute (from stevedore->virtualenvwrapper)
Downloading distribute-0.6.28.tar.gz (627kB): 627kB downloaded
Running setup.py egg_info for package distribute
Installing collected packages: distribute
Running setup.py install for distribute
Before install bootstrap.
Scanning installed packages
Setuptools installation detected at /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
Egg installation
Patching...
Renaming /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg into /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg.OLD.1346705360.93
Patched done.
Relaunching...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'install' is not defined
Complete output from command /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Resources/Python.app/Contents/MacOS/Python -c "import setuptools;__file__='/tmp/pip-build/distribute/setup.py';exec(compile(open(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-RMDd1X-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed:
Before install bootstrap.
Scanning installed packages
Setuptools installation detected at /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
Egg installation
Patching...
Renaming /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg into /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg.OLD.1346705360.93
Patched done.
Relaunching...
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
NameError: name 'install' is not defined
What p4tux said
virtualenv is now using distribute not setuptools
export VIRTUALENV_DISTRIBUTE=true
before you create the environment with
virtualenv ENV
or do
$ python virtualenv.py --distribute ENV
See virtualenv documentation
virtualenv is now using distribute not setuptools
export VIRTUALENV_DISTRIBUTE=true
This link:
https://gist.github.com/3179227
(using pythonbrew) seems to have sorted the issue out for me temporarily. I'd like to not have another component in the mix (pythonbrew), so hopefully someone else will weight in with how to get virtualenv to play nicely with ML.