How to binarize gray ROI by keeping red background same? - matlab

I have a grayscale image plus a red background:
http://i.stack.imgur.com/ue7nq.jpg
In next step of image processing I want to binarize only the gray region of interest while keeping the red background as it is. But when I apply im2bw all of the image is converted to black and white, including the red background. How can I keep the red background as it is and convert the gray ROI to binary?

It's not clear to me what you are trying to do, but here are a few things (if you have the Image Processing Toolbox):
Create a mask out of the red in your leftmost image like this:
BWRGB=cat(3, im2bw(crp(:,:,1)), im2bw(crp(:,:,2)),im2bw(crp(:,:,3)));
BW2=BWRGB(:,:,1)&(~BWRGB(:,:,2)&~BWRGB(:,:,3));
imshow(BW2);
Then populate the 3 layers of the RGB image using the mask:
BW3=im2bw(YourImage);
BW3(:,:,1)=BW3(:,:,1).*BW2+(255*double(~BW2));
BW3(:,:,2)=BW3(:,:,1).*BW2;
BW3(:,:,3)=BW3(:,:,1).*BW2;
imshow(im2uint8(BW3));
Result:

Related

How to create an inverse gray scale?

I have an image with dark blue spots on a black background. I want to convert this to inverse gray scale. By inverse, I mean, I want the black ground to be white.
When I convert it to gray scale, it makes everything look black and it makes it very hard to differentiate.
Is there a way to do an inverse gray scale where the black background takes the lighter shades?
Or, another preferable option is to represent the blue as white and the black as black.
I am using img = rgb2gray(img); in MATLAB for now.
From mathworks site:
IM2 = imcomplement(IM)
Is there a way to do an inverse gray scale where the black
background takes the lighter shades?
Based on your image description I created an image sample.png:
img1 = imread('sample.png'); % Read rgb image from graphics file.
imshow(img1); % Display image.
Then, I used the imcomplement function to obtain the complement of the original image (as suggested in this answer).
img2 = imcomplement(img1); % Complement image.
imshow(img2); % Display image.
This is the result:
Or, another preferable option is to represent the blue as white and
the black as black.
In this case, the simplest option is to work with the blue channel. Now, depending on your needs, there are two approaches you can use:
Approach 1: Convert the blue channel to a binary image (B&W)
This comment suggests using the logical operation img(:,:,3) > 0, which will return a binary array of the blue channel, where every non-zero valued pixel will be mapped to 1 (white), and the rest of pixels will have a value of 0 (black).
While this approach is simple and valid, binary images have the big disadvantage of loosing intensity information. This can alter the perceptual properties of your image. Have a look at the code:
img3 = img1(:, :, 3) > 0; % Convert blue channel to binary image.
imshow(img3); % Display image.
This is the result:
Notice that the round shaped spots in the original image have become octagon shaped in the binary image, due to the loss of intensity information.
Approach 2: Convert the blue channel to grayscale image
A better approach is to use a grayscale image, because the intensity information is preserved.
The imshow function offers the imshow(I,[low high]) overload, which adjusts the color axis scaling of the grayscale image through the DisplayRange parameter.
One very cool feature of this overload, is that we can let imshow do the work for us.
From the documentation:
If you specify an empty matrix ([]), imshow uses [min(I(:)) max(I(:))]. In other words, use the minimum value in I as black, and the maximum value as white.
Have a look at the code:
img4 = img1(:, :, 3); % Extract blue channel.
imshow(img4, []); % Display image.
This is the result:
Notice that the round shape of the spots is preserved exactly as in the original image.

Matlab : ROI substraction

I'm learning about statistical feature of an image.A quote that I'm reading is
For the first method which is statistical features of texture, after
the image is loaded, it is converted to gray scale image. Then the
background is subtracted from the original image. This is done by
subtract the any blue intensity pixels for the image. Finally, the ROI
is obtained by finding the pixels which are not zero value.
The implementation :
% PREPROCESSING segments the Region of Interest (ROI) for
% statistical features extraction.
% Convert RGB image to grayscale image
g=rgb2gray(I);
% Obtain blue layer from original image
b=I(:,:,3);
% Subtract blue background from grayscale image
r=g-b;
% Find the ROI by finding non-zero pixels.
x=find(r~=0);
f=g(x);
My interpretation :
The purpose of substracting the blue channel here is related to the fact that the ROI is non blue background? Like :
But in the real world imaging like for example an object but surrounded with more than one colors? What is the best way to extract ROI in that case?
like for example (assuming only 2 colors on all parts of the bird which are green and black, & geometri shaped is ignored):
what would I do in that case? Also the picture will be transformed to gray scale right? while there's a black part of the ROI (bird) itself.
I mean in the bird case how can I extract only green & black parts? and remove the rest colors (which are considered as background ) of it?
Background removal in an image is a large and potentielly complicated subject in a general case but what I understand is that you want to take advantage of a color information that you already have about your background (correct me if I'm wrong).
If you know the colour to remove, you can for instance:
switch from RGB to Lab color space (Wiki link).
after converting your image, compute the Euclidean from the background color (say orange), to all the pixels in your image
define a threshold under which the pixels are background
In other words, if coordinates of a pixel in Lab are close to orange coordinates in Lab, this pixel is background. The advantage of using Lab is that Euclidean distance between points relates to human perception of colours.
I think this should work, please give it a shot or let me know if I misunderstood the question.

LED Screen recognition in image using MATLAB

I'm trying to detect the screen border from the image (In need the 4 corners).
This is the Image:
I used HOUGH transform to detect lines and intersection points (the black circles) and this is the result:
Now I need to find the 4 corners or the 4 lines.. everything that will help me to crop the image, What can I do?
Maybe use the screen aspect ratio? but how?
I'm using Matlab.
Thanks.
A naive first approach that would do the trick if and only if you have same image conditions (background and laptop).
Convert your image to HSV (examine that in HSV the image inside the
screen is the only portion of the image with high Saturation, Value
values)
Create a mask by hard thresholding the Saturation and Value channels
Dilate the mask to connect disconnected regions
Compute the convex hull to get the mask boundaries
See a quick result:
Here is the same mask with the original image portion that makes it through the mask:
Here is the code to do so:
img = imread( 'imagename.jpg'); % change the image name
hsv = rgb2hsv( img);
mask = hsv(:,:,2)>0.25 & hsv(:,:,3)>0.5;
strel_size = round(0.025*max(size(mask)));
dilated_mask=imdilate(mask,strel('square',strel_size));
s=regionprops(dilated_mask,'BoundingBox','ConvexHull');
% here Bounding box produces a box with the minimum-maximum white pixel positions but the image is not actually rectangular due to perspective...
imshow(uint8(img.*repmat(dilated_mask,[1 1 3])));
line(s.ConvexHull(:,1),s.ConvexHull(:,2),'Color','red','LineWidth',3);
You may, of course, apply some more sophisticated processing to be a lot more accurate and to correct the convex hull to be just a rectangular shape with perspective, but this is just a 5 minutes attempt just to showcase the approach...

Filling some region with colour, and the rest of the image as black

I have drawn some polygon on an image after using imshow and hold on, and filled it with white as follows:
fill(x(k),y(k),[1 1 1])
How can I make the rest of the image black while keeping the polygon white? In other words, how can I make a binary image, where the polygon is white, and the rest of the image is black? Provided that the polygon is a bit complex.
Thanks.
Use roipoly:
BW = roipoly( I, x(k), y(k) );
Where I is your input image (you only need it to get the desired output size of the binary maxk BW). y and x are the corners of your polygon.

To create red-blue-green colormap for medical imaging?

I run
imagesc(real(lena))
colormap(hsv)
where lena is a picture in 512x512 pixels.
I would like to get the special red-green-blue colormap like here discussed.
A picture processed by it:
How can you get such a colors by the command colormap?
Use colormap bone to get this gray-ish blue-ish tones for your medical images.
Here's an example of this colormap taken from Mathworks:
See manual for more examples and pre-defined color maps.
Note that the paper describes a way to combine two images, it does not use a color map.
If a is the gray-scale normal MRI image, and b is the gray-scale contrast-enhanced MRI image, the paper proposes to use cat(3,a,b,a) as an RGB image, where contrast-enhancement appears as a green overlay. What that statement does is use the normal image as the red and blue channel, and the contrast-enhanced image as the green channel.