Excluding Multiple Files in Org-mode Export Function - emacs

I'm trying to find the way to exclude multiple files from export tree. For instance, in the following example in org-publish-project-alist, I have level-0.org excluded, so it won't be created in /foo/bar/pub as well as not in the sitemap.
("somewebproject"
:base-directory "/foo/bar/src"
:base-extension "org"
:publishing-directory "/foo/bar/pub"
:recursive t
:exclude "level-0.org"
:publishing-function org-html-publish-to-html
:headline-levels 4 ; Just the default for this project.
:auto-preamble t
:auto-sitemap t
:html-link-up "sitemap.html"
:html-link-home "index.html"
:sitemap-title "My Sitemap"
)
However, I have an another file called, for example level-1.org that I also want to exclude, making the file into the list, for instance '("level-0.org" "level-1.org") doesn't seem to help it either.
Any tips on making it work in the this snippet, or if there are better ways of doing this, that would be highly appreciated!

I found a solution, after reading actual org-mode source code. So I'm answering my own question here.
In short, looks like :exclude accepts regular expression, so I could do level-0.org\\|level-1.org or in this case level-..org.

Related

Emacs plugin for storing written code as template

For example, standard libraries in C/C++ are used very often, and it's very inefficient to go to the web browser, search for the code example how to use a library component, copy the source code and modify to suit your need; a few month later, you need to use that library component again but forgot how to use it, and you have to repeat the whole process again!
This process is not very productive for me because after we learn something the first time, we do not need to fully study the same thing again; just part of it can help us recall how to use it. I want my written code or example code copied from the web site to be stored for later reference and modification.
Emacs macro is an option, but I think you have to type the whole source code to make a desired template. What if I found a well written code, and I want to store that code segment for future reference? Macro won't be productive because I have to type the whole thing.
Is there Emacs plugin for doing this?
I wouldn't recommend snippets for the task that you described.
Snippets are meant to be repeated often. You can't have a lot of them.
What you need is something that you use rarely, but can have a lot of.
I'm using org-mode for this task. With org-mode you can:
Organize your knowledge by language/library etc.
Include small code snippets directly via babel.
Attach any number of files to any heading.
This way you get the overview/description via the headings,
and the actual code via code blocks / attachments.
Another advantage is that you can easily grep your org-file / your attachments.
Other advantages are timestamps, TODOs and all kinds of export that org-mode provides.
UPD
Just to give you a sample of what it can do (open in in emacs, otherwise it looks ugly):
https://gist.github.com/abo-abo/6040382/raw/1be55e30a9ed8d81cc1b2b752b7d498d05e72978/hyper.org
There is quite a list on the EmacsWiki: Templates.
Personally I know TempoMode and Yasnippets. I prefer Yasnippets. The snippets are very easy to write and have support for variable fields which you enter on snippet insertion.
This should provide a command inserting the last item of current kill-ring.
(defun my-code ()
(interactive "*")
(insert "(defun ")
(save-excursion (insert (concat "()
(interactive \"*\")
(insert \"" (car kill-ring) "\"))"))))
Remains to specify the name of the command when done - and installing it.
In the past I have used Else-Mode to do just that sort of thing, especially when the project I was working on had a very rigid and long, required function header comments.
You can look to SRecode from CEDET package. Besides standard templates, like yasnippet, etc., it also provides support for content-aware templating, like some templates could be expanded only inside the classes, some only as top-level declaration, etc.

What is the purpose of off-loading definitions with autoload in emacs? Why not autoloading is slow?

In ELisp, you can skip the evaluation of a definition with the autoload cookie. The definition is evaluated only once it's used.
;; File foo.el
;;;###autoload
(defun foo ()
"Doc"
42)
(defun bar ()
"Doc"
43)
So, if I understand correctly the autoload functionnality is a hack to load file faster. But when I load foo.el, in order to skip the definition of foo the interpreter still has to read the whole form. I don't understand why it's faster.
The simplest way to load the content of the file foo.el is to do a load.
However, this is costly because you have to read the whole file.
With autoload you are allowed to tell emacs: "function foo is defined in file foo.el".
This way emacs does not read the file and you do not pay the loading price. When you use the function foo for the first time, emacs will find the definition for you by reading foo.el.
The ;;;###autoload comment in your file is not doing anything for autoload by itself.
You need to use a program that will grab all of these definitions and put them in a file foo-autoloads.el (or any other name).
For each function it will put a line telling emacs which file contains it.
Then in your .emacs you will load foo-autoloads.el instead of foo.el.
foo.el will be read by emacs the first time you use function foo.
Note: require can also be used instead of load in the explanation above.
Where did you get that "understanding" from? Certainly not the manual.
The autoload cookies are used to pull out skeletal function/variable definitions in a separate autoload file. This is usually done at compile time.
Without going through that compilation step the autoload cookies have no effect.
The autoload forms have to be loaded separatly. They can be generated from the autoload cookies, but you can also write them manually. For example, in your .emacs you can put autoload forms for functions which you only use occasionally, so they are only loaded on demand.
For example:
(autoload 'ahk-mode "ahk-mode")

How can I make Org-mode export to LaTeX with a specific preamble?

When I do C-c C-e l to export an Org file to LaTeX it produces a document with a particular preamble. Instead of this particular preamble I would like it to use a preamble of my choice. Say that I want it to use the following preamble:
% Don't forget to qpdf --linearize the final copy
\RequirePackage[l2tabu,orthodox]{nag}% Old habits die hard. All the same, there are commands, classes and packages which are outdated and superseded. nag provides routines to warn the user about the use of those.
\immediate\write18{sh ./vc}
\input{vc}% Version control macros (for \VCDateISO in \date) http://www.ctan.org/pkg/vc
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}% pt? doublepage?
%\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}% Latin Modern (derivate of Knuth's CM)
\usepackage{fixltx2e}% \textsubscript and bugfixes for LaTeX
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage[strict=true]{csquotes}% Context-sensistive quotes. \enquote "" \enquote* ''. Use the integrated commands \textcquote and \blockcquote rather than biblatex internal commands to get contex sensistive quotes for them too. s/babel/autostyle in new version.
\usepackage[bookmarks,pdfborder={0 0 0}]{hyperref}% links and pdfinfo. MUST BE LOADED LAST!
\hypersetup{% Setup for hyperref
pdftitle = {[Title from #+TITLE]},
pdfauthor = {[Author from #+AUTHOR]}
}
I know that you can manipulate which packages are used on a per file basis as described in the manual but I want this preamble to be used for all files unless ) specify otherwise. The preamble I want to use includes the following:
deactivated packages (such as geometry above)
packages loaded by RequirePackage
input macros
\immediate\write18 macros
comments after usepackage macros
a hypersetup macro that recognizes #+TITLE and #+AUTHOR from Org-mode files
Deactivated packages (such as geometry above)
Org-mode recognizes LaTeX syntax inside LaTeX code-blocks, as well as when including LaTeX files in the content. (See Quoting LaTeX code.)
Packages loaded by RequirePackage
As above.
Input macros
As above.
\immediate\write18 macros
I believe this should also be as above, however there is an alternate method of dealing with this. If you create a source code block of type sh with the command within it, Org will evaluate it on export and produce the desired behaviour. You have to enable sh as a babel language type for it to work however.
(require 'ob-shell)
You can also include sh as one of the languages loaded by babel by adding it to org-babel-load-languages
(acons 'sh 't org-babel-load-languages)
Then use a code block similar to the following to run your ./vc
#+name: Test
#+begin_src sh :results output silent :exports results
./vc
#+end_src
As long as this comes before your \input{vc} line it should run the code and then include it. Simply follow the code-block with
#+LATEX: \input{vc}
And your content should be included.
Comments after usepackage macros
If the code is within a LaTeX block it should recognize it as LaTeX.
A hypersetup macro that recognizes #+TITLE and #+AUTHOR from Org-mode files.
This will have to be included within each document rather than separate. The following will provide what you desire for your macros. It will not be within the preamble, however it will end up at the top of the document and the export does behave as expected (however it will not behave as expected if added through #+INCLUDE: from org.
#+begin_latex
\hypersetup{% Setup for hyperref
pdftitle = {{{{TITLE}}}}, %Org macro to take from #+TITLE
pdfauthor = {{{{AUTHOR}}}} %Org macro to take from #+AUTHOR
}
#+end_latex
Creating your own Latex export class
If you follow the instructions in the worg tutorials (See Org Latex Export) you can create your own export-class. If you want to have full control over the packages in the preamble you would simply need to:
(add-to-list 'org-export-latex-classes
'("<CLASS NAME>"
"\\documentclass{article}
[NO-DEFAULT-PACKAGES]
[NO-PACKAGES]"
<insert desired sectioning configuration>))
You can also add in your desired packages between the \\documentclass and [NO-DEFAULT-PACKAGES] lines. The alternative would be to add them to the file itself using:
#+LATEX_CLASS: <CLASS NAME>
#+LATEX_HEADER: \usepackage{package}
...
As a third option, you can simply create a custom .sty file with the desired packages etc and include it as a single #+LATEX_HEADER:.
This doesn't answer your question, but it does allow you to do what you want.
(defun headless-latex ()
"exports to a .tex file without any preamble"
(interactive)
(org-export-as-latex 3 nil nil nil t nil)
)
This function exports the content of your ORG-mode file without any preamble. You can then \input it into a file with your desired preamble. Further reading.
I use a different method to get things done :
Define a class (I call it per-file-class for some strange reason. You can call it something else). Put this code in your .emacs :
;; per-file-class with minimal packages
(unless (find "per-file-class" org-export-latex-classes :key 'car
:test 'equal)
(add-to-list 'org-export-latex-classes
'("per-file-class"
"\\documentclass{article}
[NO-DEFAULT-PACKAGES]
[EXTRA]"
("\\section{%s}" . "\\section*{%s}")
("\\subsection{%s}" . "\\subsection*{%s}")
("\\subsubsection{%s}" . "\\subsubsection*{%s}")
("\\paragraph{%s}" . "\\paragraph*{%s}")
("\\subparagraph{%s}" . "\\subparagraph*{%s}"))))
Use this class in your org file :
#+LaTeX_CLASS: per-file-class
#+LaTeX_CLASS_OPTIONS: [10pt, a4paper]
I'm not allowed to comment (bad reputation or something ;-)) so I will post an answer. A previous answer had a very nice snippet of code for a headless export function. That code needs updating for later versions of org:
(defun headless-latex ()
"exports to a .tex file without any preamble"
(interactive)
(org-latex-export-as-latex nil nil nil t nil)
)

Is it better to put the defpackage in a separate file when creating packages

The example below is given in Paul Grahams ANSI Common Lisp as an example of doing encapsulation:
(defpackage "CTR"
(:use "COMMON-LISP")
(:export "COUNTER" "INCREMENT" "CLEAR"))
(in-package ctr)
;function definitions here
However in Peter Seibels Practical Common Lisp, link here, he says:
Because packages are used by the reader, a package must be defined
before you can LOAD or COMPILE-FILE a file that contains an IN-PACKAGE
expression switching to that package. Packages also must be defined
before other DEFPACKAGE forms can refer to them...
The best first step toward making sure packages exist when they need
to is to put all your DEFPACKAGEs in files separate from the code that
needs to be read in those packages
So he recommends creating two files for every package, one for the defpackage and one for the code. The files containing defpackages should start with (in-package "COMMON-LISP-USER").
To me it seems like putting the defpackage in the same file, before the in-package and code, is a good way to ensure that the package is defined before used. So the first method, collecting everything into one file seems easier. Are there any problems with using this method for package creation?
I think that using a separate file for defpackage is a good habit
because:
You don't « pollute » your files with defpackage.
It makes it easier to find the exported/shadowed/... symbols, you
know you just have to look at package.lisp.
You don't have to worry about the order when you use ASDF.
(defsystem :your-system
:components ((:file "package")
... the rest ...))`
Peter Seibel says so ;)
EDIT:
I forgot to mention quickproject which facilitates the creation of
new CL projects.
REPL> (quickproject:make-project "~/src/lisp/my-wonderful-project/"
:depends-on '(drakma cl-ppcre local-time))`
This command will create a directory "~/src/lisp/my-wonderful-project/"
and the following files:
package.lisp
my-wonderful-project.asd (filled)
my-wonderful-project.lisp
README.txt
And thus, I think it's good to use the same convention.
I tend to use multiple source code files, a single "packages.lisp" file and a singe "project.asd" system definition file for most of my projects. If the project requires multiple packages, they're all defined in "packages.lisp", with the relevant exports in place exported.
There is this reason for putting DEFPACKAGE in its own file: if you have a large package, then you might have several groups of related functions, and you might want to have separate source files per function group. Then all the source files would have their own IN-PACKAGE at the top, but they would all "share" the external DEFPACKAGE. Then as long as you get the DEFPACKAGE loaded first, it doesn't matter the order you load the other source files.
An example I'm currently working on has multiple classes in the package, and the source files are broken up to be per class, each having a class definition and the related generic function and method definitions.

Emacs recursive project search

I am switching to Emacs from TextMate. One feature of TextMate that I would really like to have in Emacs is the "Find in Project" search box that uses fuzzy matching. Emacs sort of has this with ido, but ido does not search recursively through child directories. It searches only within one directory.
Is there a way to give ido a root directory and to search everything under it?
Update:
The questions below pertain to find-file-in-project.el from Michał Marczyk's answer.
If anything in this message sounds obvious it's because I have used Emacs for less than one week. :-)
As I understand it, project-local-variables lets me define things in a .emacs-project file that I keep in my project root.
How do I point find-file-in-project to my project root?
I am not familiar with regex syntax in Emacs Lisp. The default value for ffip-regexp is:
".*\\.\\(rb\\|js\\|css\\|yml\\|yaml\\|rhtml\\|erb\\|html\\|el\\)"
I presume that I can just switch the extensions to the ones appropriate for my project.
Could you explain the ffip-find-options? From the file:
(defvar ffip-find-options
""
"Extra options to pass to `find' when using find-file-in-project.
Use this to exclude portions of your project: \"-not -regex \\".vendor.\\"\"")
What does this mean exactly and how do I use it to exclude files/directories?
Could you share an example .emacs-project file?
I use M-x rgrep for this. It automatically skips a lot of things you don't want, like .svn directories.
(Updated primarily in order to include actual setup instructions for use with the below mentioned find-file-in-project.el from the RINARI distribution. Original answer left intact; the new bits come after the second horizontal rule.)
Have a look at the TextMate page of the EmacsWiki. The most promising thing they mention is probably this Emacs Lisp script, which provides recursive search under a "project directory" guided by some variables. That file begins with an extensive comments section describing how to use it.
What makes it particularly promising is the following bit:
;; If `ido-mode' is enabled, the menu will use `ido-completing-read'
;; instead of `completing-read'.
Note I haven't used it myself... Though I may very well give it a try now that I've found it! :-)
HTH.
(BTW, that script is part of -- to quote the description from GitHub -- "Rinari Is Not A Rails IDE (it is an Emacs minor mode for Rails)". If you're doing any Rails development, you might want to check out the whole thing.)
Before proceeding any further, configure ido.el. Seriously, it's a must-have on its own and it will improve your experience with find-file-in-project. See this screencast by Stuart Halloway (which I've already mentioned in a comment on this answer) to learn why you need to use it. Also, Stu demonstrates how flexible ido is by emulating TextMate's project-scoped file-finding facility in his own way; if his function suits your needs, read no further.
Ok, so here's how to set up RINARI's find-file-in-project.el:
Obtain find-file-in-project.el and project-local-variables.el from the RINARI distribution and put someplace where Emacs can find them (which means in one of the directories in the load-path variable; you can use (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/some/directory") to add new directories to it).
Add (require 'find-file-in-project) to your .emacs file. Also add the following to have the C-x C-M-f sequence bring up the find-file-in-project prompt: (global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-M-f") 'find-file-in-project).
Create a file called .emacs-project in your projects root directory. At a minimum it should contain something like this: (setl ffip-regexp ".*\\.\\(clj\\|py\\)$"). This will make it so that only files whose names and in clj or py will be searched for; please adjust the regex to match your needs. (Note that this regular expression will be passed to the Unix find utility and should use find's preferred regular expression syntax. You still have to double every backslash in regexes as is usual in Emacs; whether you also have to put backslashes before parens / pipes (|) if you want to use their 'magic' regex meaning depends on your find's expectations. The example given above works for me on an Ubuntu box. Look up additional info on regexes in case of doubt.) (Note: this paragraph has been revised in the last edit to fix some confusion w.r.t. regular expression syntax.)
C-x C-M-f away.
There's a number of possible customisations; in particular, you can use (setl ffip-find-options "...") to pass additional options to the Unix find command, which is what find-file-in-project.el calls out to under the hood.
If things appear not to work, please check and double check your spelling -- I did something like (setl ffip-regex ...) once (note the lack of the final 'p' in the variable name) and were initially quite puzzled to discover that no files were being found.
Surprised nobody mentioned https://github.com/defunkt/textmate.el (now gotta make it work on Windows...)
eproject has eproject-grep, which does exactly what you want.
With the right project definition, it will only search project files; it will ignore version control, build artifacts, generated files, whatever. The only downside is that it requires a grep command on your system; this dependency will be eliminated soon.
You can get the effect you want by using GNU Global or IDUtils. They are not Emacs specific, but they has Emacs scripts that integrate that effect. (I don't know too much about them myself.)
You could also opt to use CEDET and the EDE project system. EDE is probably a bit heavy weight, but it has a way to just mark the top of a project. If you also keep GNU Global or IDUtils index files with your project, EDE can use it to find a file by name anywhere, or you can use `semantic-symref' to find references to symbols in your source files. CEDET is at http://cedet.sf.net
For pure, unadulterated speed, I highly recommend a combination of the command-line tool The Silver Searcher (a.k.a. 'ag') with ag.el. The ag-project interactive function will make an educated guess of your project root if you are using git, hg or svn and search the entire project.
FileCache may also be an option. However you would need to add your project directory manually with file-cache-add-directory-recursively.
See these links for info about how Icicles can help here:
find files anywhere, matching any parts of their name (including directory parts)
projects: create, organize, manage, search them
Icicles completion matching can be substring, regexp, fuzzy (various kinds), or combinations of these. You can also combine simple patterns, intersecting the matches or complementing (subtracting) a subset of them