I'm trying to take the value from the hash and use it as the key for the next level hash, this code works, but I am thinking there has to be a better way to do this.
Is there a way to avoid the K* array variables?
my #key = keys %data3;
my $deviceType = $key[0];
my #K = keys %{$data3 {$deviceType} }; ## Uber Ugly, find a better way.
my $measInfoID = $K[0];
my #K1 = keys %{$data3 {$deviceType} {$measInfoID}};
my $deviceID = $K1[0];
my #K2 = keys %{$data3 {$deviceType} {$measInfoID} {$deviceID}};
my $location = $K2[0];
my #K3 = %{$data3 {$deviceType} {$measInfoID} {$deviceID} {$location}};
my $measObjectLdn = $K3[0];
print ("Data: $deviceType, $measInfoID, $deviceID, $location, $measObjectLdn\n");
foreach my $m ( keys %{ $data3 {$deviceType} {$measInfoID} {$deviceID} {$location} {$measObjectLdn} } ){
print("OK: $m\n");
}
%data3 looks like this:
$VAR1 = 'NTHLRFE';
$VAR2 = {
'DIA' => {
'NJBB-HLR-2' => {
'NJBB' => {
'LTE-1/DIA-1' => {
'DiaUnknownAVPs' => '0',
'DiaCerRejSysInOvl' => '0',
'DiaProtocolErrors' => '0',
'DiaWrongProtType' => '0',
'DiaMessageRcvd' => '0',
'DiaOctetSent' => '0',
'DiaCerRejPrNtInWhtLst' => '0',
'DiaOctetRcvd' => '0',
'DiaMessageDscrd' => '0',
'DiaCerRejConAvailable' => '0',
'DiaMessageSent' => '0',
'DiaCerRejMaxConExcd' => '0'
}
}
}
}
};
Thanks!
Keys aren't sorted, so the "first key" won't always be the same.
That said, if you want to compact this a bit, the following should work:
my $deviceType = (keys %data3)[0];
....
my $measInfoID = (keys $data3{$deviceType})[0];
....
my $deviceID = (keys $data3{$deviceType}{$measInfoID})[0];
This is ugly and I would not want to be the guy who comes after you reading this.
Keys will work on hash refs as well as hashes starting with Perl 5.14. If you're older than that, you'll just have to dereference into a full on hash.
Related
Consider the following structure in Perl: (let's call it declaration A)
my $json_struct = {
name => $name,
time => $time,
};
I have a hash %hash which contains custom fields (I don't know how many). It looks something like this:
$VAR1 = {
'key2' => '123',
'key1' => 'abc',
'key3' => 'xwz'
};
I would like to loop through the hash keys and insert those keys into the structure, so I thought that I can do something like this:
foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
push #{ $json_struct }, { $key => $hash{$key} };
}
I'm not sure that it is working as expected. Also, is there a cleaner way to do so? Maybe I can combine it in one or two lines while declaring A.?
Expected output: (order does not matter)
$VAR1 = {
'name' => $name,
'time' => $time,
'key2' => '123',
'key1' => 'abc',
'key3' => 'xwz'
};
$json_struct is a hash reference, but #{ $json_struct } performs array dereferencing on $json_struct, so that is not going to work.
There is no push operator for hashes; you just insert new data by assigning values to new keys. For your structure, you would just want to say
foreach my $key (keys %hash) {
$json_struct->{$key} = $hash{$key};
}
Now you can also use the #{...} operator to specify a hash slice, which may be what you were thinking of. Hash slices can be used to operate on several keys of a hash simultaneously. The syntax that will work for you for that operation is
#{$json_struct}{keys %hash} = values %hash;
The easiest way to join hashes is like this:
my $foo = {
name => $name,
time => $time,
};
my $bar = {
'key2' => '123',
'key1' => 'abc',
'key3' => 'xwz'
};
my $combined = {
%{$foo},
%{$bar},
};
I have been stuck in trying to create an array of keys (example_com,example_ca ..etc) if they are set to 1, I have tried using for loop and foreach loop, but keep getting ARRAY# error.
$VAR1 = [
{
'example_com' => '1',
'example_ca' => '1'
}
];
Thanks
This will be because you have an array containing a hash. The array is one element long.
So you 'get' to the hash, by dereferencing element zero.
Thus:
my $hash_ref = $VAR1->[0];
print join "\n", keys %{$hash_ref},"\n";
foreach my $key ( keys %{$VAR1->[0]} ) {
print "$key => $VAR1->[0]{$key}\n";
}
Exactly for you source data:
my #array_of_keys = ();
for( keys %{ $VAR1->[0] } ) {
push #array_of_keys, $_ if $VAR1->[0]{ $_ } eq '1';
}
print "Keys with 1: #array_of_keys";
An expanded example of how to get an array of keys if you have multiple hashes in your container array:
my $VAR1 = [
{
'example_com' => '1',
'example_ca' => '1',
'not_set' => '0'
},
{
'EXAMPLE_com' => '1',
'EXAMPLE_ca' => '1',
'NOT_SET' => '0',
}
];
my #arrayOfHashes = #{$VAR1};
foreach my $array (#arrayOfHashes)
{
my #onlyOnes;
my #arrayOfKeys = sort keys %{$array};
foreach my $key (#arrayOfKeys)
{
next if ($array->{$key} ne 1);
push #onlyOnes, $key;
}
print "\nKey names:\n";
foreach my $key (#onlyOnes)
{
print "$key\n";
}
}
output:
Key names:
example_ca
example_com
Key names:
EXAMPLE_ca
EXAMPLE_com
I have a query string like this:
id=60087888;jid=16471827;from=advance;action=apply
or it can be like this :
id=60087888&jid=16471827&from=advance&action=apply
Now from this i want to create a hash that will have key as id and its value
I have done this
my %in;
$buffer = 'resid=60087888;jobid=16471827;from=advance;action=apply';
#pairs = split(/=/, $buffer);
foreach $pair (#pairs){
($name, $value) = split(/=/, $pair);
$in{$name} = $value;
}
print %in;
But the issue is in the query string it can be semin colon or & so how can we do this please help me
Don't try to solve it with new code; this is what CPAN modules are for. Specifically in this case, URI::Query
use URI::Query;
use Data::Dumper;
my $q = URI::Query->new( "resid=60087888;jobid=16471827;from=advance;action=apply" );
my %hash = $q->hash;
print Dumper( \%hash );
Gives
{ action => 'apply',
from => 'advance',
jobid => '16471827',
resid => '60087888' }
You've already an answer that works - but personally I might tackle it like this:
my %in = $buffer =~ m/(\w+)=(\w+)/g;
What this does is use regular expressions to pattern match either side of the equals sign.
It does so in pairs - effectively - and as a result is treated by a sequence of key-values in the hash assignment.
Note - it does assume you've not got special characters in your keys/values, and that you have no null values. (Or if you do, they'll be ignored - you can use (\w*) instead if that's the case).
But you get:
$VAR1 = {
'from' => 'advance',
'jid' => '16471827',
'action' => 'apply',
'id' => '60087888'
};
Alternatively:
my %in = map { split /=/ } split ( /[^=\w]/, $buffer );
We split using 'anything that isn't word or equals' to get a sequence, and then split on equals to make the same key-value pairs. Again - certain assumptions are made about valid delimiter/non-delimiter characters.
Check this answer:
my %in;
$buffer = 'resid=60087888;jobid=16471827;from=advance;action=apply';
#pairs = split(/[&,;]/, $buffer);
foreach $pair (#pairs){
($name, $value) = split(/=/, $pair);
$in{$name} = $value;
}
delete $in{resid};
print keys %in;
I know I'm late to the game, but....
#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use CGI;
use Data::Dumper;
my $query = 'id=60087888&jid=16471827&from=advance&action=apply&blank=¬_blank=1';
my $cgi = CGI->new($query);
my %hash = $cgi->Vars();
print Dumper \%hash;
will produce:
$VAR1 = {
'not_blank' => '1',
'jid' => '16471827',
'from' => 'advance',
'blank' => '',
'action' => 'apply',
'id' => '60087888'
};
Which has the added benefit of dealing with keys that might not have values in the source string.
Some of the other examples will produce:
$VAR1 = {
'id' => '60087888',
'1' => undef,
'jid' => '16471827',
'from' => 'advance',
'blank' => 'not_blank',
'action' => 'apply'
};
which may not be desirable.
I would have used URI::Query #LeoNerd 's answer, but I didn't have the ability to install a module in my case and CGI.pm was handy.
also, you could
my $buffer = 'id=60087888&jid=16471827&from=advance&action=apply';
my %hash = split(/&|=/, $buffer);
which gives:
$hash = {
'jid' => '16471827',
'from' => 'advance',
'action' => 'apply',
'id' => '60087888'
};
This is VERY fragile, so I wouldn't advocate using it.
I am trying to access a hash within a hash and loop through it to get the values. here is an example of the data
$VAR1 = {
'24.40.53.143' => {
'ServStat' => {
'1.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.98.112.109.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => 'vs_cgggbpm-ap_https',
'1.17.118.115.95.99.119.98.115.102.97.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112' => 'vs_cddedsfa-ap_http',
'20.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.116.119.98.45.98.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => '0',
'19.17.118.115.95.99.119.98.119.115.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => '0',
'2.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.116.119.98.45.98.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => '0',
'24.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.116.119.98.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => '0',
'17.17.118.115.95.99.119.98.119.98.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => '0',
'29.17.118.115.95.99.119.98.116.119.112.45.98.112.95.104.116.116.112' => '0',
I would like to loop through 'ServStat' and extract each values. How would I reference the hash 'ServStat' so that I can do a foreach on the contents? Something like this:
foreach {ServStat} {
my ( $num, $char, $vs ) = (/(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(.+)/ );
if ($num == 1) {
print {ServStat}->$value
}
}
Thank you in advance for any advise you can offer!
To get the keys, you can use the function keys on the hash.
my $data = {
'24.40.53.143' => {
'ServStat' => {'1.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.98.112.109.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115' => 'vs_cgggbpm-ap_https'}
}
};
my $ServStat = $data->{24.40.53.143}{ServStat};
foreach my $key (keys %{$ServStat}) { # you need the {} to dereference as $ServStat is a hash reference
...#Now, in $key, you have the key 1.18.118.115.95.99.119.98.98.112.109.45.97.112.95.104.116.116.112.115
}
If you just want all values, just use the function values on the hash
my #values = values %{$ServStat};
I'm writing a script that parses the "pure-ftpwho -s" command to get a list of the current transfers. But when a user disconnects from the FTP and reconnects back and resumes a transfer, the file shows up twice. I want to remove the ghosted one with Perl. After parsing, here is what the arrayref looks like (dumped with Data::Dumper)
$VAR1 = [
{
'status' => 'DL',
'percent' => '20',
'speed' => '10',
'file' => 'somefile.txt',
'user' => 'user1',
'size' => '14648'
},
{
'status' => 'DL',
'percent' => '63',
'speed' => '11',
'file' => 'somefile.txt',
'user' => 'user1',
'size' => '14648'
},
{
'status' => 'DL',
'percent' => '16',
'speed' => '60',
'file' => 'somefile.txt',
'user' => 'user2',
'size' => '14648'
}
];
Here user1 and user2 are downloading the same file, but user1 appears twice because the first one is a "ghost". What's the best way to check and remove elements that I don't need (in this case the first element of the arrayref). The condition to check is that - If the "file" key and "user" key is the same, then delete the hashref that contains the smaller value of "percent" key (if they're the same then delete all except one).
If order in the original arrayref doesn't matter, this should work:
my %users;
my #result;
for my $data (#$arrayref) {
push #{ $users{$data->{user}.$data->{file}} }, $data;
}
for my $value (values %users) {
my #data = sort { $a->{percent} <=> $b->{percent} } #$value;
push #result, $data[-1];
}
This can definitely be improved for efficiency.
The correct solution in this case would have been to use a hash when parsing the log file. Put all information into a hash, say %log, keyed by user and file:
$log{$user}->{$file} = {
'status' => 'DL',
'percent' => '20',
'speed' => '10',
'size' => '14648'
};
etc. Latter entries in the log file would overwrite earlier ones. Alternatively, you can choose to overwrite entries with lower percent completed with ones that have higher completion rates.
Using a hash would get rid of a lot of completely superfluous code working around the choice of the wrong data structure.
For what it's worth, here's my (slightly) alternative approach. Again, it doesn't preserve the original order:
my %most_progress;
for my $data ( sort { $b->{percent} <=> $a->{percent} } #$data ) {
next if exists $most_progress{$data->{user}.$data->{file}};
$most_progress{$data->{user}.$data->{file}} = $data;
}
my #clean_data = values %most_progress;
This will preserve order:
use strict;
use warnings;
my $data = [ ... ]; # As posted.
my %pct;
for my $i ( 0 .. $#{$data} ){
my $r = $data->[$i];
my $k = join '|', $r->{file}, $r->{user};
next if exists $pct{$k} and $pct{$k}[1] >= $r->{percent};
$pct{$k} = [$i, $r->{percent}];
}
#$data = #$data[sort map $_->[0], values %pct];
my %check;
for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#{$arrayref}; $i++) {
my $transfer = $arrayref->[$i];
# check the transfer for user and file
my $key = $transfer->{user} . $transfer->{file};
$check{$key} = { } if ( !exists $check{$key} );
if ( $transfer->{percent} <= $check{$key}->{percent} ) {
# undefine this less advanced transfer
$arrayref->[$i] = undef;
} else {
# remove the other transfer
$arrayref->[$check{$key}->{index}] = undef if exists $check{$key}->{index};
# set the new standard
$check{$key} = { index => $i, percent => $transfer->{percent} }
}
}
# remove all undefined transfers
$arrayref = [ grep { defined $_ } #$arrayref ];
Variation on the theme with Perl6::Gather
use Perl6::Gather;
my #cleaned = gather {
my %seen;
for (sort { $b->{percent} <=> $a->{percent} } #$data) {
take unless $seen{ $_->{user} . $_->{file} }++;
}
};