I'm wondering if it's possible to have psql start a transaction automatically when I open a psql session on the command line. I know I can start a transaction manually using 'BEGIN;' but I'm wondering if that can be done automatically without me typing in 'BEGIN;' manually on the command line.
Thanks!
I did a google search but that didn't come up with any good results.
You cannot have psql start a transaction when you login, but you can have it start a transaction with the first SQL statement you enter. For that, put a .psqlrc file into your home directory and give it the following content:
\set AUTOCOMMIT off
Note that that is a very bad idea (in my personal opinion). You are running the risk to inadvertently start a transaction that holds locks and blocks the progress of autovacuum. I have seen more than one PostgreSQL instance that suffered serious damage because of administrators who disabled autocommit in their interactive clients and kept transactions open. At the very least, add the following to your .psqlrc:
SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '1min';
I'm wanting to change the default_text_search_config of my "Hobby Basic Heroku Postgres" database. After running
heroku pg:psql and
\dF,
I can see that Heroku has a preset stop dictionary that I want - Russian (pg_catalog.russian), so there is no need to create a new dictionary (although I see many questions about this as well).
According to the postgres docs, one can change this by altering the postgresql.conf, which is not applicable in this case, or by setting it for an individual session. I've tried setting it through the CLI with
SET default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.russian';
However, as soon as I exit the CLI, it reverts to the initial pg_catalog.english.
I'm using Prisma, so I've tried applying a migration of this as well, thinking that the issue was the session not persisting after I closed the CLI. This also was not successful.
Is there a way to do this?
It is also possible to set the default at the database level:
If you are using the same text search configuration for the entire cluster you can use the value in postgresql.conf. To use different configurations throughout the cluster but the same configuration within any one database, use ALTER DATABASE ... SET. Otherwise, you can set default_text_search_config in each session.
Assuming your database is called abcdefg, try the following:
ALTER DATABASE abcdefg SET default_text_search_config TO 'pg_catalog.russian';
I suspect this will work on Heroku's offering, but have not tried it.
I'd need to initialize postgres instance to Docker container from dump SQL-file. Otherwise it works fine but the problem is I cannot set database to be something else than "postgres". Creating new database works fine but schema clauses eg. CREATE TABLE end up going nowhere.
I tried to set default database with --env option in docker run command but it returns error --env requires a value.
Is there any way to set default database? Hopefully in SQL-clause.
Apparently you need to use /connect "dbname=[database name]" before schema clauses in order to point script towards correct dabase.
This wasn't (quite understandbly) included into the script when dump was generated only for a single database instead of the whole cluster.
I'm trying to setup the pgexercises data in my local machine. When I run: psql -U <username> -f clubdata.sql -d postgres -x I get the error: psql:clubdata.sql:6: ERROR: cannot execute CREATE SCHEMA in a read-only transaction.
Why did it create a read-only database on my local machine? Can I change this?
Normally the most plausible reasons for this kind of error are :
trying create statements on a read-only replica (the entire instance is read-only).
<username> has default_transaction_read_only set to ON
the database has default_transaction_read_only set to ON
The script mentioned has in its first lines:
CREATE DATABASE exercises;
\c exercises
CREATE SCHEMA cd;
and you report that the error happens with CREATE SCHEMA at line 6, not before.
That means that the CREATE DATABASE does work, when run by <username>.
And it wouldn't work if any of the reasons above was directly applicable.
One possibility that would technically explain this would be that default_transaction_read_only would be ON in the postgresql.conf file, and set to OFF for the database postgres, the one that the invocation of psql connects to, through an ALTER DATABASE statement that supersedes the configuration file.
That would be why CREATE DATABASE works, but then as soon as it connects to a different database with \c, the default_transaction_read_only setting of the session would flip to ON.
But of course that would be a pretty weird and unusual configuration.
Reached out to pgexercises.com and they were able to help me.
I ran these commands(separately):
psql -U <username> -d postgres
begin;
set transaction read write;
alter database exercises set default_transaction_read_only = off;
commit;
\q
Then I dropped the database from the terminal dropdb exercises and ran script again psql -U <username> -f clubdata.sql -d postgres -x -q
I was having getting cannot execute CREATE TABLE in a read-only transaction, cannot execute DELETE TABLE in a read-only transaction and others.
They all followed a cannot execute INSERT in a read-only transaction. It was like the connection had switched itself over to read-only in the middle of my batch processing.
Turns out, I was running out of storage!
Write access was disabled when the database could no longer write anything. I am using Postgres on Azure. I don't know if the same effect would happen if I was on a dedicated server.
I had same issue for Postgre Update statement
SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 25006 ERROR: cannot execute UPDATE in a read-only transaction
Verified Database access by running below query and it will return either true or false
SELECT pg_is_in_recovery()
true -> Database has only Read Access
false -> Database has full Access
if returns true then check with DBA team for the full access and also try for ping in command prompt and ensure the connectivity.
ping <database hostname or dns>
Also verify if you have primary and standby node for the database
In my case I had a master and replication nodes, and the master node became replication node, which I believe switched it into hot_standby mode. So I was trying to write data into a node that was meant only for reading, therefore the "read-only" problem.
You can query the node in question with SELECT pg_is_in_recovery(), and if it returns True then it is "read-only", and I suppose you should switch to using whatever master node you have now.
I got this information from: https://serverfault.com/questions/630753/how-to-change-postgresql-database-from-read-only-to-writable.
So full credit and my thanks goes to Craig Ringer!
Dbeaver: In my case
This was on.
This doesn't quite answer the original question, but I received the same error and found this page, which ultimately led to a fix.
My issue was trying to run a function with temp tables being created and dropped. The function was created with SECURITY DEFINER privileges, and the user had access locally.
In a different environment, I received the cannot execute DROP TABLE in a read-only transaction error message. This environment was AWS Aurora, and by default, non-admin developers were given read-only privileges. Their server connections were thus set up to use the read-only node of Aurora (-ro- is in the connection url), which must put the connection in the read-only state. Running the same function with the same user against the write node worked.
Seems like a good use case for table variables like SQL Server has! Or, at least, AWS should modify their flow to allow temp tables to be created and dropped on read nodes.
This occurred when I was restoring a production database locally, the database is still doing online recovery from the WAL records.
A little bit unexpected as I assumed pgbackgrest was creating instantly recoverable restores, perhaps not.
91902 postgres 20 0 1445256 14804 13180 D 4.3 0.3 0:28.06 postgres: startup recovering 000000010000001E000000A5
If like me you are trying to create DB on heroku and are stuck as this message shows up on the dataclip tab
I did this,
Choose Resources from(Overview Resources Deploy Metrics Activity Access Settings)
Choose Settings out of (Overview, Durability, Settings, Dataclip)
Then in Administration->Database Credentials choose View Credentials...
then open terminal and fill that info here and enter
psql --host=***************.amazonaws.com --port=5432 --username=*********pubxl --password --dbname=*******lol
then it'll ask for password, copy-paste from there and you can run Postgres cmds.
I suddenly started facing this error on postgres installed on my windows machine, when I was running alter query from dbeaver, all I did was deleted the connection of postgres from dbeaver and created a new connection
If you are using Azure Database for PostgreSQL your server gets into read-only mode when the storage used is near total capacity.
The error you get is exactly:
ERROR: cannot execute XXXXXXXXX in a read-only transaction
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/flexible-server/concepts-compute-storage
I just had this error. My cause was not granting permission to the SEQUENCE
GRANT ALL ON SEQUENCE word_mash_word_cube_template_description_reference_seq TO ronshome_user;
If you are facing this issue with an RDS instance cluster, please check your endpoint and use the Writer instance endpoint. Then it should work now.
Issue can be dur to Intellij config:
Go to Database view> click on Data Source Properties (Shift + enter)> (Select your data source)>
Options tab> Under Connection : uncheck Read-only
For me it was Azure PostgreSQL failing over to standby during maintaince in Azure and never failing back to master when PostgreSQL was in HA mode. You can check this event in Service Health and also check which zone you current VM is running from. If it's 2 and not 1 them most likely that's the result of events described above.
I want to turn on logging of all SQL statements that modify the database. I could get that on my own machine by setting the log_statement flag in the configuration file, but it needs to be enabled on the user's machine. How do you enable it from program code? (I'm using Python with psycopg2 if it matters.)
Turning on logging of SQL statements that modify the database can be achieved by:
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_statement TO 'mod';
-- Make it effective by triggering configuration reload (no server restart required).
SELECT pg_reload_conf();
-- To make sure the modification is not limited to the current session scope
-- it is better to log out from postgresql and log back in.
-- Check value of log_statement configuration, expected: mod
SELECT * FROM pg_settings WHERE name = 'log_statement';
This requires superuser access rights.
Check hereafter links to documentation for more details:
ALTER SYSTEM
pg_reload_conf()
The "it needs to be enabled on the user's machine" phrase is confusing, indeed... I assume you mean "from the user (client) side".
In Postgresql some server run-time parameters can be changed from a connection, but only from a superuser - and only for those settings that do not require a server restart.
I'm not sure if that includes the many log options. You might try with something like:
SELECT set_config('log_XXX', 'off', false);
where log_XXX is to be replaced by the respective logging setting, and 'false' by the value you want to set.
If that does not work, I guess you are out of luck.