How to Find rectangular region using hough line in Matlab? - matlab

Edit :
I use this code but did't finded plate region. How do I find the plate ?
This code gives only horizontal lines but I must find vertical and horizontal lines.
I = imread('image.jpg');
I= rgb2gray(I);
%I(:,1:2)=0;
%I(1,:)=0;
%I(end,:)=0;
%I(:,end)=0;
BW = edge(I,'canny');
%imshow(BW)
[H,T,R] = hough(BW);
%{
imshow(H,[],'XData',T,'YData',R,...
'InitialMagnification','fit');
xlabel('\theta'), ylabel('\rho');
axis on, axis normal, hold on;
%}
P = houghpeaks(H, 20,'NHoodSize',[1 1],'threshold',ceil(0.1*max(H(:))));
lines = houghlines(BW, T, R, P, 'FillGap', 40, 'MinLength', 1);
%P = houghpeaks(H,7,'NHoodSize','threshold',ceil(0.4*max(H(:))));
%lines = houghlines(BW,T,R,P,'FillGap',40,'MinLength',90);
x = T(P(:,2)); y = R(P(:,1));
%plot(x,y,'s','color','blue');
% Find lines and plot them
figure;
imagesc(I);hold on;colormap gray;
axis image;
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
%plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red')
plot(xy(1,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','blue');
%plot(xy(2,2),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green'); %connect red and blue point
% Determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if ( len > max_len)
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end
This part draws connect red and blue point. How to connect blue blue point and red red point ? If I can it , I find plate area.
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
%plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red')
plot(xy(1,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','blue');
%plot(xy(2,2),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green'); %connect red and blue point
then , Probably lines = houghlines(BW, T, R, P, 'FillGap', 40, 'MinLength', 90); this part change.

Related

why the hough transform can't find the line at right-below corner of the image?

I am trying use hough transform to find the edge, the following image's right-below corner line can't be found. why?
My code
BW = imread("edge/30.1.tif");
[H,theta,rho] = hough(BW);
imshow(imadjust(rescale(H)),[],...
'XData',theta,...
'YData',rho,...
'InitialMagnification','fit');
xlabel('\theta (degrees)')
ylabel('\rho')
axis on
axis normal
hold on
colormap(gca,hot);
P = houghpeaks(H,5,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
x = theta(P(:,2));
y = rho(P(:,1));
plot(x,y,'s','color','black');
lines = houghlines(BW,theta,rho,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);
figure, imshow(BW), hold on
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
% Determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if ( len > max_len)
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end
% highlight the longest line segment
plot(xy_long(:,1),xy_long(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','red');

Automatically remove straight lines with Hough transform

I am doing a thesis on optical character recognition. My job is to properly segment text characters from images.
Problem is, every text line in this language has words in which often characters are connected by straight lines. These lines may or may not be of equal thickness.
So far using projection profile, I have been able to segment characters that are not attached to any straight lines. But to segment characters that are connected by straight lines, I have to remove those lines. I prefer to use Hough transform to detect and remove those lines (meaning in a BW image, if a pixel in the line is black, then make it white).
See a sample image containing text:
Sample Image
This is a line segmented from the above image using projection profile.
And These are the detected lines using Hough Transform.
Code for Hough transformation. Use This image to test it.
I = imread('line0.jpg');
%I = rgb2gray(I);
BW = edge(I,'canny');
[H,T,R] = hough(BW);
imshow(H,[],'XData',T,'YData',R,'InitialMagnification','fit');
xlabel('\theta'),ylabel('\rho');
axis on, axis normal, hold on;
P = houghpeaks(H,1,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
x = T(P(:,2));
y = R(P(:,1));
plot(x,y,'s','color','blue');
% Find lines and plot them
lines = houghlines(BW,T,R,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);
figure, imshow(I), hold on
grid on
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1;lines(k).point2];
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',1,'Color','green');
% plot beginnings and ends of lines
plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'o','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'o','LineWidth',2,'Color','blue');
% determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if( len > max_len )
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end
Any ideas on how I can do it? Any help will be appreciated!
From houghlines you just need to replace the indices of the line with white (255 in this case). You might have to play around with the padding a bit, to take off one or two more pixels.
EDIT: Here is a version attempts to determine the padding.
%% OCR
I = imread('CEBML.jpg');
BW = edge(I,'canny');
[H,T,R] = hough(BW);
P = houghpeaks(H,1,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
x = T(P(:,2));
y = R(P(:,1));
% Find lines and plot them
lines = houghlines(BW,T,R,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);
subplot(2,1,1)
grid on
imshow(I)
title('Input')
hold on
px = 5; % Number of padding pixels to probe
white_threshold = 30; % White threshold
ln_length = .6; % 60 %
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
buf_y = xy(1,1):xy(2,1); % Assuming it's a straight line!
buf_x = [repmat(xy(1,2),1,xy(2,1) - xy(1,1)),xy(2,2)] + [-px:px]';
I_idx = sub2ind(size(I),buf_x, repmat(buf_y,size(buf_x,1),1));
% Consider lines that are below white threshold, and are longer than xx
% of the found line.
idx = sum(I(I_idx) <= white_threshold,2) >= ln_length * size(I_idx,2);
I(I_idx(idx,:)) = 255;
% Some visualisation
[ixx,jyy] = ind2sub(size(I),I_idx(idx,:));
plot(jyy,ixx,'.r');% Pixels set to white
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'-b','LineWidth',2); % Found lines
end
subplot(2,1,2)
grid on
imshow(I)
title('Output')

How to perform hough transform on canny edge image

After some pre- processing, edge detection and thinning i got the following image and the image is of type double
and in order to remove the isolated pixels within regions i used dilation as
se90 = strel('line', 2, 90);
se0 = strel('line', 2, 0);
BWsdil = imdilate(Edge, [se90 se0]);
vertical dilation followed by horizontal dilation
Actually i want to segment the objects which is labeled within rectangle(ellipse-like structure).
It is noticed that the black rectangle are ruptured during dilation
if i increase the threshold i will lose the segment in the bottom rectangle.
If i'm proceed with this result i'm end up in an error and even basic segmentation algorithms are not working without preprocessing. please help
Can your suggest any other technique to improve mask
if i do connected component analysis on gradient image.i will get border of ellipse instead of ellipse as shown
i tried hough transform but i'm getting some bad results
close all;clear all
I=imread('Sub1.png');
load edge
rotI = imrotate(I,33,'crop');
[H,T,R] = hough(Edge);
imshow(H,[],'XData',T,'YData',R,...
'InitialMagnification','fit');
xlabel('\theta'), ylabel('\rho');
axis on, axis normal, hold on;
P = houghpeaks(H,25,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
x = T(P(:,2)); y = R(P(:,1));
plot(x,y,'s','color','white');
lines = houghlines(Edge,T,R,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);
figure, imshow(rotI), hold on
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
% Determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if ( len > max_len)
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end

Why does hough not find line?

I use the following code to extract lines from a given 25x25 black&white-image:
[H, theta, rho] = hough(image);
peaks = houghpeaks(H, 20,'NHoodSize',[19 19]);
lines = houghlines(image, theta, rho, peaks, 'FillGap', 1, 'MinLength', 3);
I then plot the found lines on the given image. The result looks like this:
What I can't understand is, why this procedure does not find a line on the left border of the image, going from top to bottom (or vice versa). Instead for example the pink line is found, which I would think has less evidence in hough space to be there (since it touches less white pixels).
Does anyone have an intuition why this might be the case?
I tried changing the parameters a little bit or add some padding to the image, but nothing has worked so far.
edit:
original image as requested:
In
The default threshold value is too high so the line is not found. I also reduced the nhood size since you want to find horizontal and vertical lines and not angles, so they will all be very close to each other. Also note at the top I set the edges to zero, in the image you posted there is a thin border of 204's around the outside, this just elmiminates the border. Here is my script.
clc;clearvars;close all;
im=imread('B5oOc.png');
im=rgb2gray(im);
im(:,1:2)=0;
im(1,:)=0;
im(end,:)=0;
im(:,end)=0;
BW=edge(im,'canny');
[H, T, R] = hough(BW);
P = houghpeaks(H, 20,'NHoodSize',[1 1],'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
lines = houghlines(BW, T, R, P, 'FillGap', 1, 'MinLength', 3);
imshow(imadjust(mat2gray(H)),'XData',T,'YData',R,...
'InitialMagnification','fit');
title('Hough Transform of Image');
xlabel('\theta'), ylabel('\rho');
axis on, axis normal, hold on;
colormap(hot);
x = T(P(:,2));
y = R(P(:,1));
plot(x,y,'s','color','blue');
figure;
imagesc(im);hold on;colormap gray;
axis image;
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
% Determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if ( len > max_len)
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end
% highlight the longest line segment
plot(xy_long(:,1),xy_long(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
The output is this:

Match Lines of Rectangles

I'm trying to find rectangles in an image in Matlab. I use houghlines function to find lines. It finds lines with points but not in order. Is there any way to find match same rectangle's lines? Some points are close but some points have distance to other line's points.
this code from matlab's houghlines's example:
I = imread('e1.jpg');
I =rgb2gray(I);
rotI = imrotate(I,360,'crop');
BW = edge(rotI,'canny');
[H,T,R] = hough(BW);
imshow(H,[],'XData',T,'YData',R,...
'InitialMagnification','fit');
xlabel('\theta'), ylabel('\rho');
axis on, axis normal, hold on;
P = houghpeaks(H,20,'threshold',ceil(0.3*max(H(:))));
x = T(P(:,2)); y = R(P(:,1));
plot(x,y,'s','color','white');
% Find lines and plot them
lines = houghlines(BW,T,R,P,'FillGap',5,'MinLength',7);
figure, imshow(rotI), hold on
max_len = 0;
for k = 1:length(lines)
xy = [lines(k).point1; lines(k).point2];
plot(xy(:,1),xy(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','green');
% Plot beginnings and ends of lines
plot(xy(1,1),xy(1,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','yellow');
plot(xy(2,1),xy(2,2),'x','LineWidth',2,'Color','red');
% Determine the endpoints of the longest line segment
len = norm(lines(k).point1 - lines(k).point2);
if ( len > max_len)
max_len = len;
xy_long = xy;
end
end
% highlight the longest line segment
plot(xy_long(:,1),xy_long(:,2),'LineWidth',2,'Color','blue');
I can't add image because of reputation but it has 3 black rectangles in white backroung