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is it possible to run only Linux kernel on a system which will load user program instead of an operating system?
I want to work with a raspberry pi with Linux kernel. I am trying to create a server and client programs on raspberry pi and for this i need only a kernel which will work on network drivers.
I want raspberry pi to run the programs when i switch ON it.
Thanks in advance.
:)
Yes it's possible. configuration depends of which init system you choose to use.
In a few words, in the boot process, once the linux kernel is up, it launches the first process named init.
And the init start other processes as needed.
That's what you should use to start your program automatically.
Well, you'll also need to make your own system with tools like Buildroot for example.
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I have a cluster of PostgreSQL nodes using streaming replication and running on RHEL 7. I plan to add new nodes running on RHEL 8, still using the same PostgreSQL version (12.7). Is mixing OS versions in a cluster a problem?
In general, streaming replication only works between the same OS and OS version.
While replicating between RHEL 7 and RHEL 8 might technically work, you might run into sever problems, e.g. because of different locale data which can lead to incorrect query results on the standby server.
I would not risk this. You should keep all servers at the same OS versions and patch level.
Logical replication on the other hand can be used to replicate between different operating systems (e.g. even from Linux to Windows). But that will require more setup and isn't really suitable if you want to replicate many databases that contain many schemas.
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Is it possible to create and run Intel SGX enclaves within a virtualised environment such as Virtualbox or Docker?
It is possible to run and start enclaves from virtual machines. However, the virtualization software must be able to support the SGX instruction set. VirtualBox and Docker still don't support SGX, but KVM and Xen both have patches available to support SGX.
For more details see here: https://01.org/intel-software-guard-extensions/sgx-virtualization
Surely SGX applications can run in virtualised environment, because running Intel SGX just require Ring 3 privilege. But your motherboard needs to be changed to enable it, and there should be some modifications need to be made in the Hypervisor or OS. Currently, it seems Intel SGX is still not yet supported in traditional virtualised environments like XEN/KVM in the mainstream, but there are some preliminary SGX virtualization patches from Intel.
In addition, there are some research papers talking about SGX applications running on virtualised environments:
SCONE is a docker-compatible secure container. You may check their website. There is a OSDI'16 paper describing SCONE.
Haven provides shielded execution , that protects the confidentiality and integrity of programs/data from the platform on which it runs. It is based on Windows HyperV and Libos. There is an OSDI'14 paper describing Haven.
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I'm maintaining a simple web site written in Perl in my copious free time, and I don't want do my coding on the live website any more, instead checking if the changes work on a local machine first.
As far as I can tell, the web site runs on apache.
Should I install apache on my local machine, or are there simpler (but well documented!) options more suited to a development box?
Related question: How can I run Perl on web servers? , but seems to be talking about a production box, not a development box.
XAMPP is an excellent package for precisely this purpose. It includes Apache, MySQL, PHP, Perl, and other tools, all pre-configured to run on your local machine. I use it for WordPress, but I expect that it would be equally good for Perl CGI development.
I use it on Windows. It is also available for Linux and Mac.
Hat tip to Kenosis, who mentioned XAMPP first. I didn't see that at the time.
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So I am a big fan of VMs, actually got experience enough to switch my development box to a linux distro. At this point I would like to get more experience with BSD and hope to do this with a VM. So the question I have is what configuration is correct?
BSD...
List item
FreeBSD
OpenBSD
PC-BSD (I know it is FreeBSD with a KDE, but might be simpler to get started with)
Which Virtual Machine is best for these guests (on a linux host)
List item
VMWare Workstation (have a license for 7)
Virtualbox 4
QEmu
Other?
Any suggestions from experts would be great. I was able to get FreeBSD and PC-BSD installed on virtualbox 4, however I get horrible resolution that I can't seem to fix.
I found the 'right virtual machine' requires some tinkering. VirtualBox ran Plan9 really slowly, qemu+kvm ran it hundreds of times faster. qemu+kvm also ran an Ubuntu guest at what felt like faster-than-hardware (at least for booting :) but I've read accounts from people that say the exact opposite, that VirtualBox outpaced qemu+kvm. Test them both :) that way you get the experience, and can know which one is more usable for your environments.
As for the BSDs, I ran OpenBSD for years and really liked it. You probably can't go wrong with FreeBSD. Learning both wouldn't be a bad idea -- they have different feature sets and excel at different tasks.
Don't let KDE in PC-BSD sway you too much, the different KDE things ought to be available in all their ports trees. Or try life without KDE or Gnome for a while.
I run FreeBSD 8-STABLE guests in VirtualBox 4.0.4, running on Windows (XP & 7) systems. It works, but there are some caveats. Seamless mode (which you might use with Linuxen) doesn't work, and it takes some configuring to get things set up exactly right. See http://wiki.freebsd.org/VirtualBox for the settings you need.
I played with virtualized PC-BSD, and it worked about the same as FreeBSD, since it is FreeBSD. PC-BSD has some nice features for the newbie to take some of the pain out of installing software.
I have also tried NetBSD as a VirtualBox guest. It "works" (for some definitions of work), but you have to launch the VM with something along the line of "vboxsdl.exe --nopatm --startvm [machine]". This worked for me on one Windows box but not on another. I didn't get around to seeing if X works.
I have not tried OpenBSD, but I seem to recall there being images out there, so it should work to some degree.
I don't have experience with other virtualization software, so can't help you there.
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I am currently using VMPlayer to host Windows 2008/SharePoint 2010. I created a virtual environment and I would like the ability to revert to snapshots or restore points.
Is this possible?
You can just pause the VM and make a copy the VM folder.
No, VMWare Player won't allow that.
From their FAQ page:
How does VMware Player compare to VMware Workstation and VMware ACE?
VMware Player enables you to quickly and easily create and run virtual machines. However, VMware Player lacks many powerful features, such as Teams, multiple Snapshots and Clones, or Virtual Rights Management features for end-point security found in VMware Workstation and VMware ACE.
You can mange snapshots with command line tool vmrun which comes with VmWare workstation. You do not need to run workstation and buy it. You can just install it and use vmRun for snapshots and VmWare Player for running VM