I get the following error
In function w_Endline:
/home/prog2/in_out.c:113:19: error: assignment of read-only l ocation ‘*(sent + (sizetype)(endlen * 1ul))’
sent[endlen]='\0';
/home/prog2/in_out.c: In function ‘w_White’:
/home/prog2/in_out.c:119:19: warning: initialization discards ‘const’ qualifier from pointer target type
char* endlen=sent+whitelen;
/home/prog2/in_out.c:120:6: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘isspace’ [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
while(endlen>sent &&isspace(*endlen))
FILES
1.in_out.c http://ideone.com/nI15F4
void w_Endline(const char* sent)
{
size_t endlen=strlen(sent)-1;
if(sent[endlen]=='\n')
sent[endlen]='\0';
}
void w_White(const char* sent)
{
size_t whitelen=strlen(sent);
char* endlen=sent+whitelen;
while(endlen>sent &&isspace(*endlen))
{
endlen='\0';
--endlen;
}
}
2.in_out.h http://ideone.com/lDxxhY
Dont use const in w_Endline if you are modifying the pointer also you need ctype.h header for isspace() function. Also in w_White function if you are assigning a const pointer the pointer also needs to be const.
char* endlen=sent+whitelen;
should be
const char* endlen=sent+whitelen;// because sent is const
Actually const qualifier means read-only
Related
I do not know why my program throws me error that I do not have defined functions even though I have them in the program. This happened after adding the code INA219 monitor;
My code:
#include "BNO055_ESP32.h"
#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLE2902.h>
#include <INA219.h>
#define SHUNT_MAX_V 0.02 /* Rated max for our shunt is 75mv for 50 A current:
we will mesure only up to 20A so max is about 75mV*20/50 lets put some more*/
#define BUS_MAX_V 5 /* with 12v lead acid battery this should be enough*/
#define MAX_CURRENT 5 /* In our case this is enaugh even shunt is capable to 50 A*/
#define SHUNT_R 0.1 /* Shunt resistor in ohm */
#define SERVICE_UUID "6E40180D-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E" // UART service UUID
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID "6E402A37-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"
// BLE variables
bool deviceConnected = false;
BLECharacteristic *pCharacteristic;
INA219 monitor;
void setup() {
Wire.begin(21, 22, 400000);
Serial.begin(115200); //opens serial terminal
monitor.begin();
monitor.configure(INA219::RANGE_16V, INA219::GAIN_1_40MV, INA219::ADC_16SAMP , INA219::ADC_16SAMP , INA219::CONT_SH_BUS);
monitor.calibrate(SHUNT_R, SHUNT_MAX_V, BUS_MAX_V, MAX_CURRENT);
BLEDevice::init("SMART HELMET");
//----------BLE INITIALIZATION-------------
// Create the BLE Server
BLEServer *pServer = BLEDevice::createServer();
}
void loop() {
readQuatData(BNO055_quatCount);
// Calculate the quaternion values
BNO055_quat[0] = (float)(BNO055_quatCount[0]) / 16384.;
BNO055_quat[1] = (float)(BNO055_quatCount[1]) / 16384.;
BNO055_quat[2] = (float)(BNO055_quatCount[2]) / 16384.;
BNO055_quat[3] = (float)(BNO055_quatCount[3]) / 16384.;
pCharacteristic->setValue((uint8_t*)BNO055_quat, 16);
pCharacteristic->notify(); // Send the value to the app!
}
void readQuatData(int16_t * destination)
{
uint8_t rawData[8]; // x/y/z gyro register data stored here
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_QUA_DATA_W_LSB, 8, &rawData[0]); // Read the six raw data registers sequentially into data array
destination[0] = ((int16_t)rawData[1] << 8) | rawData[0] ; // Turn the MSB and LSB into a signed 16-bit value
destination[1] = ((int16_t)rawData[3] << 8) | rawData[2] ;
destination[2] = ((int16_t)rawData[5] << 8) | rawData[4] ;
destination[3] = ((int16_t)rawData[7] << 8) | rawData[6] ;
}
Error I am getting:
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\pokus_BNO055_ESP32\BNO_jedna_charka\BNO_jedna_charka.ino: In function 'void loop()':
BNO_jedna_charka:216:36: error: 'readQuatData' was not declared in this scope
readQuatData(BNO055_quatCount);
^
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\pokus_BNO055_ESP32\BNO_jedna_charka\BNO_jedna_charka.ino: In function 'void readQuatData(int16_t*)':
BNO_jedna_charka:282:66: error: 'readBytes' was not declared in this scope
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_QUA_DATA_W_LSB, 8, &rawData[0]); // Read the six raw data registers sequentially into data array
^
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\pokus_BNO055_ESP32\BNO_jedna_charka\BNO_jedna_charka.ino: In function 'bool initBNO055()':
BNO_jedna_charka:346:64: error: 'writeByte' was not declared in this scope
writeByte(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_OPR_MODE, BNO055_CONFIGMODE );
^
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\pokus_BNO055_ESP32\BNO_jedna_charka\BNO_jedna_charka.ino: In function 'void accelgyroCalBNO055(float*, float*)':
BNO_jedna_charka:390:49: error: 'writeByte' was not declared in this scope
writeByte(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_PAGE_ID, 0x00);
^
BNO_jedna_charka:401:65: error: 'readBytes' was not declared in this scope
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_ACC_DATA_X_LSB, 6, &data[0]); // Read the six raw data registers into data array
^
BNO_jedna_charka:430:65: error: 'readBytes' was not declared in this scope
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_GYR_DATA_X_LSB, 6, &data[0]); // Read the six raw data registers into data array
^
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\pokus_BNO055_ESP32\BNO_jedna_charka\BNO_jedna_charka.ino: In function 'void magCalBNO055(float*)':
BNO_jedna_charka:530:64: error: 'writeByte' was not declared in this scope
writeByte(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_OPR_MODE, BNO055_CONFIGMODE );
^
exit status 1
'readQuatData' was not declared in this scope
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\ina219_pokus_stackoverflow\ina219_pokus_stackoverflow.ino: In function 'void loop()':
ina219_pokus_stackoverflow:45:32: error: 'readQuatData' was not declared in this scope
readQuatData(BNO055_quatCount);
^
C:\Users\Boris\Documents\Arduino\ina219_pokus_stackoverflow\ina219_pokus_stackoverflow.ino: In function 'void readQuatData(int16_t*)':
ina219_pokus_stackoverflow:63:66: error: 'readBytes' was not declared in this scope
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_QUA_DATA_W_LSB, 8, &rawData[0]); // Read the six raw data registers sequentially into data array
^
exit status 1
'readQuatData' was not declared in this scope
Thanks for any help.
Boris
In C and C++ you have to declare functions before you call them.
You can either do that by defining the function like you did here:
void readQuatData(int16_t * destination)
{
uint8_t rawData[8]; // x/y/z gyro register data stored here
readBytes(BNO055_ADDRESS, BNO055_QUA_DATA_W_LSB, 8, &rawData[0]); // Read the six raw data registers sequentially into data array
destination[0] = ((int16_t)rawData[1] << 8) | rawData[0] ; // Turn the MSB and LSB into a signed 16-bit value
destination[1] = ((int16_t)rawData[3] << 8) | rawData[2] ;
destination[2] = ((int16_t)rawData[5] << 8) | rawData[4] ;
destination[3] = ((int16_t)rawData[7] << 8) | rawData[6] ;
}
Or you can do it by using a function declaration like this:
void readQuatData(int16_t * destination);
You're calling readQuatData() before you declare it, so you're getting this error.
You can either move your definition of the function before the places that you use it, or you can declare it before you use it, like so:
INA219 monitor;
void readQuatData(int16_t * destination);
void setup() {
I placed it before the call to setup() as declaring everything you need to declare at the start of the file, before the code, is usually cleaner and more maintainable than scattering declarations throughout the code.
You'll need to do this for writeByte() and readBytes(). These seem to be missing from the code you shared, so you're on your own with them, but you'd do the same sort of thing - either define them before you use them, or add a declaration for them before you use them.
I am having trouble reading a string (file name : 'aFile.csv') from SFunction parameter. The error I get doesn't make sense to me
I am using MSVC++(2017).
The error appears to come from ssGetSFcParam inside mxGetString
Here is a snippet of the code that has the proble (in the mdlStart method)
static void mdlStart(SimStruct *S)
{
FILE* fp;
char buffer[255];
char* fileStr;
char* paramStr;
int_T fstatus;
int_T pstatus;
const int_T flen = (int_T)mxGetN((ssGetSFcnParam(S, 0)))*sizeof(char)+1;
const int_T plen = (int_T)mxGetN((ssGetSFcnParam(S, 1)))*sizeof(char)+1;
fileStr = mxMalloc(flen);
paramStr = mxMalloc(plen);
fstatus = mxGetString((ssGetSFcParam(S,0)),fileStr,flen);
pstatus = mxGetString((ssGetSFcParam(S,1)),paramStr,plen);
real_T* Defval = (real_T *)mxGetData(PARAM_DEF2(S));
fp = fopen(fileStr, "r");
// additional code here, but has nothing to do with the error
mxFree(flen);
mxFree(plen);
fclose(fp);
}
Error using mex
Creating library FileReader.lib and object FileReader.exp
FileReader.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol
ssGetSFcParam referenced in function mdlStart FileReader.mexw64 :
fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals
The error message says everything: there is no S-function method called ssGetSFcParam. You need to use ssGetSFcnParam, which you have used twice, and then also made a typo twice.
I have an XSUB like this:
char *
string4()
CODE:
char *str = strdup("Hello World4");
int len = strlen(str) + 1;
New(0, RETVAL, len, char);
Copy(str, RETVAL, len, char);
free(str);
OUTPUT:
RETVAL
But this shows up as a memory leak, on the New(), in valgrind and if I run it in a loop the resident memory will continue to grow.
I get the same thing if I use this one too:
char *
string2()
CODE:
char *str = strdup("Hello World2");
RETVAL = str;
OUTPUT:
RETVAL
I'm able to prevent the leak and the increasing memory size by doing:
char *
string3()
PPCODE:
char *str = strdup("Hello World3");
XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(str, 0)));
free(str);
but the problem with this solution is that when I compile with -Werror I get the following warnings/errors.
test.c: In function ‘XS_test_string3’:
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.20/CORE/XSUB.h:175:28: error: unused variable ‘targ’ [-Werror=unused-variable]
#define dXSTARG SV * const targ = ((PL_op->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG) \
^
test.c:270:2: note: in expansion of macro ‘dXSTARG’
dXSTARG;
^
test.c:269:9: error: unused variable ‘RETVAL’ [-Werror=unused-variable]
char * RETVAL;
the c file gets built with an unused RETVAL:
XS_EUPXS(XS_test_string3); /* prototype to pass -Wmissing-prototypes */
XS_EUPXS(XS_test_string3)
{
dVAR; dXSARGS;
if (items != 0)
croak_xs_usage(cv, "");
PERL_UNUSED_VAR(ax); /* -Wall */
SP -= items;
{
char * RETVAL;
dXSTARG;
#line 61 "test.xs"
char *str = strdup("Hello World3");
XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(str, 0)));
free(str);
#line 276 "test.c"
PUTBACK;
return;
}
}
So is there a better way to handle the returning of allocated strings in XS? Is there a way to return the string using RETVAL and free the memory? I appreciate any help.
Among other problems[1], your first snippet allocates memory using New, but never deallocates it.
Among other problems, your second snippet allocates memory using strdup, but never deallocates it.
The underlying problem with your third snippet is that you claim the XS function returns a value and it doesn't. That value would have been assigned to RETVAL, which is automatically created for that very purpose. The variable won't be created if you correctly specify that you don't return anything.
void
string3()
PREINIT:
char *str;
PPCODE:
str = strdup("Hello World3");
XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(str, 0)));
free(str);
or just
void
string3()
PPCODE:
XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv("Hello World3", 0)));
Note that I moved your declarations out of PPCODE. In C, declarations can't appear after non-declarations, and the code in PPCODE can appear after non-declarations (depending on the options used to build Perl). Declarations belong in PREINIT. You could also use curlies around the code in PPCODE.
One of them is the use of New. You shoudln't be using New. New was deprecated in favour of Newx ages ago. New hasn't even been in the documentation for as long as I can remember.
I'm trying to use the standard format for non-member function overloading for the ostream operator, but it will not work with a const second argument when I have an internal assignment to a vector iterator. The compiler gives the following error when a const argument is used: error: no match for 'operator=' in j = bus.owAPI::owBus::owCompList.std::vector...
Relevant parts of my Class are as follows:
class owBus{
public:
std::vector<owComponent> owCompList; //unsorted complete list
friend std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& os, const owBus& bus );
};
with the non-member function:
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const owBus& bus ) {
//iterate through component vector
std::vector<owComponent>::iterator j;
for(j=bus.owCompList.begin(); j!=bus.owCompList.end(); j++) {
/*
os << (*j).getComponentID() << ": ";
os << (*j).getComponentType() << std::endl;
*/
}
return os;
}
This works fine if the const is removed from the friend declaration and the second argument in the function description, otherwise it give the error described above. I don't have an assignment operator defined for the class, but it's not clear to me why that should make a difference.
That's because you're trying to use a non-const iterator to iterate through a const object. Change the declaration of j to:
std::vector<owComponent>::const_iterator j;
or just use the C++11 style:
for (auto j : bus.owCompList) {
I first store the 3 value into a pair of map like this:
void AddMenuAtlasTexture( int tag, const char* filename, const char* textureName )
{
map<const char*, const char*> _item;
_item.insert(pair<const char*, const char*>(filename, textureName));
m_texturesToLoad.insert(pair<int, map<const char*, const char*> >(tag, _item));
};
then I pass the value to another function like this:
map<const char*, const char*>::iterator _content;
int _tag = (*m_texturesToLoadIterator).first;
_content = (*m_texturesToLoadIterator).second.begin();
AtlasManagerSingleton->AddAtlas((*_content).first, (*_content).second, _tag);
the "textureName" is an absolute path like this kind: "/Users/eddy/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/User/Applications/5FDE0091-2E93-42FE-BB62-05A16429551D/Ranch.app/../Documents/shop_tex.png"
my problem is the first function can get the "textureName" right, but the second function "AddAtlas" can not get the path, the "(*_content).second" is NULL.
and the "AddAtlas" prototype is:
void AtlasManager :: AddAtlas( const char *a_configFile, const char *a_spriteName, int a_nKey )
I develop this in iPhone dev using XCode.
use make_pair instead of pair<int, map<const char*, const char*> >.
use -> instead of *.
the texture loader is a map int -> const char* -> const char*. I don't see where you used the second index.
Probably this:
AtlasManagerSingleton->AddAtlas((*_content).first, (*_content).second, _tag)
Should be:
AtlasManagerSingleton->AddAtlas(_content->first, _content->second.begin()->second, _tag)