What I'm trying to achieve is to make a shape of the object(physical body) exactly as a texture, so that only the texture (and not the transparent layer) would be clickable in the future.
let fireLayer = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: fireImage)
fireLayer.anchorPoint = CGPointMake(1, 0)
fireLayer.position = CGPointMake(size.width, 0)
fireLayer.zPosition = Layer.Z4st
var firedown = SKAction.moveToY(-200, duration: 0)
var fireup1 = SKAction.moveToY(10, duration: 1.2)
var fireup2 = SKAction.moveToY(0, duration: 0.2)
here, I'm trying to create physical body to "cut out" needed object from the node.
fireLayer.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(texture: fireLayer, size: fireLayer.texture!.size())
Now, here I got an error "Extra argument 'size' in call"... Although SKPhysicalBody has two parameters: texture and size.
fireLayer.name = "fireNode"
fireLayer.runAction(SKAction.sequence([firedown, wait1, fireup1, fireup2]))
addChild(fireLayer)
what have I done wrong?
Thank you in advance!
This error is misleading. Your problem actually is the first parameter texture: fireLayer. You need to set a SKTexture and not a SKSpriteNode.
Also you should change the way you initialize your SKSpriteNode and add an SKTexture:
let fireLayerTexture = SKTexture(imageNamed: fireImage)
And than:
let fireLayer = SKSpriteNode(texture: fireLayerTexture)
After you've don that, you can initialize your SKPhysicsBody like that:
fireLayer.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(texture: fireLayerTexture, size: fireLayer.texture!.size())
Related
init () {
super.init(texture: nil, color: .clear, size: initialSize)
// Create physicsBody based on a frame of the sprite
// basically giving it gravity and physics components
let bodyTexture = textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying1")
self.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(texture: bodyTexture, size: self.size)
// Lose momentum quickly with high linear dampening
self.physicsBody?.linearDamping = 0.9
// weighs around 30 kg
self.physicsBody?.mass = 30
// no rotation
self.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
createAnimations()
self.run(soarAnimation, withKey: "soarAnimation")
}
// Animations to make the main character seem like it is flying
func createAnimations() {
let rotateUpAction = SKAction.rotate(byAngle: 0, duration: 0.475)
rotateUpAction.timingMode = .easeOut
let rotateDownAction = SKAction.rotate(byAngle: -1, duration: 0.8)
rotateDownAction.timingMode = .easeIn
let flyFrames: [SKTexture] = [textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying1"), textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying2"),textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying3"), textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying4"),textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying5"),textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying4"),textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying3"),textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying2")]
var flyAction = SKAction.animate(with: flyFrames, timePerFrame: 0.1)
flyAction = SKAction.repeatForever(flyAction)
flyAnimation = SKAction.group([flyAction,rotateUpAction])
let soarFrames: [SKTexture] = [textureAtlas.textureNamed("MainCharacterFlying5")]
var soarAction = SKAction.animate(with: soarFrames, timePerFrame: 1)
soarAction = SKAction.repeatForever(soarAction)
let soarAnimation = SKAction.group([soarAction,rotateDownAction])
}
When I run this code on the IOS Simulator, I have to click on the screen once in order for my main sprite to show up on the screen, or else it will not. And when I click on the sprite, the sprite will start flapping its wings and go up (I have other code for that) however, the rotateUpAction and rotateDownAction are not showing up at all on the Simulator. So I was wondering if there were any solutions and anyone willing to answer.
Thank you for your time. Also, this code from the class of the main character, the name of the class is "Player"
you declare let soarAnimation inside your createAnimations function, meaning it's not in scope when you call self.run(soarAnimation). Solution: declare soarAnimation as a class property. Alternate solution: have createAnimations() return the SKAction and grab it in init that way
I have a spriteKit project where I have many characters across several scenes.
As a beginner I just built each one individually for each scene - which makes for a ton of extra code.
I know I could clean this up with a "Build character class" or something like that...
I am just not sure where to begin.
Here is code from two of the characters in one scene...but imagine 5-10 characters per scene?
Also is there a way a property list could be useful for storing these type of properties?
//BEAR
func buildBear() {
let bearAnimatedAtlas = SKTextureAtlas(named: "Bear")
var bearFrames: [SKTexture] = []
let numImages = bearAnimatedAtlas.textureNames.count
for i in 1...numImages {
let bearTextureName = "bear\(i)"
bearFrames.append(bearAnimatedAtlas.textureNamed(bearTextureName))
}
animatedBear = bearFrames
let firstFrameTexture = animatedBear[0]
bear = SKSpriteNode(texture: firstFrameTexture)
bear.size.height = 370
bear.size.width = 370
bear.position = CGPoint(x: 295, y: 25)
bear.zPosition = 1
bear.name = "bear"
isUserInteractionEnabled = true
addChild(bear)
}
//CAT
func buildCat() {
let catAnimatedAtlas = SKTextureAtlas(named: "Cat")
var catFrames: [SKTexture] = []
let numImages = catAnimatedAtlas.textureNames.count
for i in 1...numImages {
let catTextureName = "cat\(i)"
catFrames.append(catAnimatedAtlas.textureNamed(catTextureName))
}
animatedCat = catFrames
let firstFrameTexture = animatedCat[0]
cat = SKSpriteNode(texture: firstFrameTexture)
cat.size.height = 240
cat.size.width = 240
cat.position = CGPoint(x: 134, y: -38)
cat.zPosition = 2
cat.name = "cat"
isUserInteractionEnabled = true
addChild(cat)
}
How could I clean up something like this - I need different position/size per scene but I imagine I could just override that per scene?
I know I know how to do this! - just not where to start?
Gimme a nudge please!
One of the confusing things about the existence of so many languages is that they each have their own jargon, and their own conventions. The root of your problem, however, has nothing to do with Swift or Sprite Kit. When I read your question, I see code that could use some Abstract Data Types. In Java, you would create an Interface, in C++ you would create a "pure virtual" class. Well a rose by any other name still gets the job done. I recommend creating a Protocol, perhaps called Spritable, to define the types of objects that you intend to build into sprites. It would probably be as simple as this:
protocol Spritable {
var species: String { get }
var height: Int { get }
var width: Int { get }
}
The only other thing that differs between your two functions appears to be the starting position. Since this is not inherent in the meaning of a Spritable object, I would package that data separately. A tuple should do the job. With these revisions, your two functions can be merged into one:
func buildSprite(of creature: Spritable, at position: (x: Int, y: Int, z: Int)) {
let spriteAnimatedAtlas = SKTextureAtlas(named: creature.species)
var spriteFrames: [SKTexture] = []
let numImages = spriteAnimatedAtlas.textureNames.count
for i in 1...numImages {
let spriteTextureName = "\(creature.species.lowercased())\(i)"
spriteFrames.append(spriteAnimatedAtlas.textureNamed(spriteTextureName))
}
animatedSprite = spriteFrames
let firstFrameTexture = animatedSprite[0]
sprite = SKSpriteNode(texture: firstFrameTexture)
sprite.size.height = creature.height
sprite.size.width = creature.width
sprite.position = CGPoint(x: position.x, y: position.y)
sprite.zPosition = position.z
sprite.name = creature.species
isUserInteractionEnabled = true
addChild(sprite)
}
To build a bear, aside from a workshop, you will need to define a struct that implements Spritable:
struct Bear: Spritable {
var species: String { return "Bear" }
var height: Int
var width: Int
init(height: Int, width: Int) {
self.height = height
self.width = width
}
}
Then here would be your function call:
buildSprite(of: Bear(height: 370, width: 370), at: (295, 25, 1))
This is a pretty simple example, and could be solved in a few simpler ways than this. However, I find that the larger a project gets, the greater the benefits of organizing code around Abstract Data Types become, so it's worth taking that approach even in a simple case like this.
I ended up not using a protocol on this.
I simply built a method to construct the sprites - similar to what #TallChuck suggested.
func buildCharacter(name:String, height: CGFloat, width: CGFloat, position: CGPoint, zPosition: CGFloat) {
let animatedAtlas = SKTextureAtlas(named: name)
var animationFrames: [SKTexture] = []
let numImages = animatedAtlas.textureNames.count
for i in 1...numImages {
let textureName = "\(name)\(i)"
animationFrames.append(animatedAtlas.textureNamed(textureName))
}
animatedCharacter = animationFrames
let firstFrameTexture = animatedCharacter[0]
builtCharacter = SKSpriteNode(texture: firstFrameTexture)
builtCharacter.size.height = height
builtCharacter.size.width = width
builtCharacter.position = position
builtCharacter.zPosition = zPosition
builtCharacter.name = name
isUserInteractionEnabled = true
addChild(builtCharacter)
}
It works perfect for building and adding to the scenes - had some issues accessing the nodes names for touch detection but got it sorted. Now trying to figure out how to call actions on the nodes - its all different than the normal way. So I will prolly ask that question next. But overall reduced a ton of repeated code! Thanks for the help.
None of this has to be done in code. With Sprite Kit, you create your bear and your cat via the sprite kit editor, and then you load in the sks file by using the constructor that loads by filename.
This is a similar behavior to how game objects work in unity.
I'm currently working on a small iOS game. In its current iteration, 20 targets spawn and move across the screen space-invaders style, and you control a little ship to shoot and destroy them. The code for my targets, the player ship's bullets, and a simple collision detection function I've written in the interim are as follows:
class Red_Target: SKSpriteNode{
var game_scene: GameScene!
private var ship_texture: SKTexture!
convenience init(scale: CGFloat, game_world: GameScene){
self.init(texture: SKTexture(imageNamed: "Proto Target"))
self.ship_texture = SKTexture(imageNamed: "Proto Target")
self.setScale(scale)
game_scene = game_world
game_scene.addChild(self)
self.position = CGPoint(x: game_scene.view!.bounds.width/10, y: 9 * game_scene.view!.bounds.height/10)
//self.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(texture: ship_texture, size: self.size)
self.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(circleOfRadius: 13)
self.physicsBody!.affectedByGravity = false
self.physicsBody!.collisionBitMask = 0x0
self.physicsBody!.categoryBitMask = CollisionType.Enemy.rawValue
self.physicsBody!.contactTestBitMask = CollisionType.Player_Bullet.rawValue
}
func move() {
self.run(space_invaders(scene: game_scene))
}
}
class PC_Bullet: SKSpriteNode{
convenience init(scale: CGFloat){
self.init(imageNamed: "Goodbullet")
self.setScale(scale)
self.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(circleOfRadius: 3)
self.physicsBody!.affectedByGravity = false
self.physicsBody!.categoryBitMask = CollisionType.Player_Bullet.rawValue
self.physicsBody!.collisionBitMask = 0x0
self.physicsBody!.contactTestBitMask = CollisionType.Enemy.rawValue
}
}
func didBegin(_ contact: SKPhysicsContact) {
contact.bodyA.node!.removeFromParent()
contact.bodyB.node!.removeFromParent()
}
}
This code, in its current iteration, works just fine. However, if the line defining the target's physicsbody as its texture is uncommented and the line defining physicsbody as circleOfRadius is removed, the game will consistently crash after the 5th target is destroyed, claiming that didBegin unwraps a nil value. Why does this only happen from physics bodies with textures? Is there any way I could change the code for this to work? I would love to be able to use the physics body from texture function later on, when working with more irregular shapes.
You are pulling a classic nooby mistake. You are removing your bodies too early. If you browse Stackoverflow you will find a plethera of ways to solve it.
The basic idea is do not remove your sprites until the end of the physics phase because your 1 sprite could have multiple contact points to handle. So come up with a way to flag sprites that need to be deleted, and remove them during the didSimulatePhysics function.
I have a node named "user" and it runs an animation through user.atlas constantly. It is also pixel art (18x50) and I need it to stay looking sharp and how I designed it. If I remove the action and add
user.texture?.filteringMode = .Nearest
it looks sharp and clear and perfect - but as soon as I add the action, the texture don't seem to want to follow that rule.
Also!
The image is stretched, even if I set the size to (18 , 50) it still is stretched vertically and the pixels are longer than they are wide. This problem persists no matter the animation.
Anyone have any ideas? Thanks.
You should set filtering mode of the textures before you add to the sprite.
Here is an example:
// this creates a walking character with endless loop
// create textures of the sprite
let frame1 : SKTexture = SKTexture.init(imageNamed: "walk-left-1")
let frame2 : SKTexture = SKTexture.init(imageNamed: "walk-left-2")
let frame3 : SKTexture = SKTexture.init(imageNamed: "walk-left-3")
let frame4 : SKTexture = SKTexture.init(imageNamed: "walk-left-4")
// set filter for pixelart
frame1.filteringMode = .nearest
frame2.filteringMode = .nearest
frame3.filteringMode = .nearest
frame4.filteringMode = .nearest
// create the textures array
let walkFrames = [frame1, frame2, frame3, frame4]
// create sprite and add to the scene
let sprite = SKSpriteNode.init(texture: walkFrames[0])
sprite.position = CGPoint(x: self.frame.midX, y: self.frame.midY)
self.addChild(sprite)
// create the walking animation
let animate = SKAction.animate(with: walkFrames, timePerFrame: 0.2)
//OPTIONAL: make sprite bigger if you need
sprite.setScale(4)
// start walking
sprite.run(SKAction.repeatForever(animate))
I want to detect collisions to every part of a sprite except for the transparent parts. I found a solution for C but I can't figure out how to do it in swift.
Here's the Obj-C solution:
sprite kit collisions: ignore transparency?
Anyone have any idea?
EDIT:
Here's my function code for building the shape. I'm not sure how to set spriteName.physicsBody to the answer supplied below by another user.
func addTriangles() {
center = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed:"images/center.png")
center.position = CGPoint(x: CGRectGetMidX(self.frame), y: CGRectGetMidY(self.frame))
center.zPosition = -1
center.physicsBody = init!(texture centerTexture: SKTexture!, size 1.0: CGSize) -> SKPhysicsBody?
center.physicsBody?.dynamic = false
center.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false
center.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = PhysicsCategory.Triangle
self.addChild(center)
spin = clockwise
center.runAction(SKAction.repeatActionForever(spin))
}
You actually can use
init!(texture texture: SKTexture!, size size: CGSize) -> SKPhysicsBody?
to set up the collision body with the alpha channel of the texture of your sprite
However, this is not recommended because it costs a lot to simulate complicated shape's physics behaviour.
If you have a sprite with complicated shape, try to draw another simpler shape and use its texture as your physics body.
It's definitely a good idea to draw a separate more simplified image for physics body (from color and geometry stand point), as for the code, it's very close from what you need:
let birdMask: UInt32 = 0x1 << 0
let pipeMask: UInt32 = 0x1 << 1
//...
pipeImage = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: "realImage")
//... size and position
let maskTexture = SKSpriteNode(imageNamed: mask)
maskTexture.size = pipeImage!.size // size of texture w/ real imageNamed
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.usesPreciseCollisionDetection = true
pipeImage!.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody(texture: maskTexture.texture!, size: size)
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.affectedByGravity = false // disable falling down...
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.allowsRotation = false
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.isDynamic = true
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.friction = 0
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.categoryBitMask = pipeMask
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.collisionBitMask = birdMask | pipeMask
pipeImage!.physicsBody?.contactTestBitMask = birdMask | pipeMask
Here's the full guide how to make it