I am trying to write something in Perl that needs several modules, however this is my first time using Perl and I cannot seem to install one specific module I need, Archive::zip.
I am using perlbrew and use the following command to attempt to install the module:
cpanm install Archive::zip
This returns to me the following messages through the command line:
install is up to date. (0.01)
! Finding Archive::zip on cpanmetadb failed.
! Finding Archive::zip () on mirror http://www.cpan.org failed.
! Couldn't find module or a distribution Archive::zip
At first I thought that the "install is up to date meant" I had it, but anything I attempt to run requiring that module tells me that it is missing. I assume the messages after mean that it cannot find any place to install this module from, and I don't seem to have come across this issue posted anywhere online. If that is the case is there a different mirror I can specify?
In case it may be relevant to this, I am currently using OSX 10.10.2.
Module names are case sensitive: you want Archive::Zip, with a capital 'Z'.
Also, when installing a module using cpanm, you can save a few keystrokes by omitting install, it's the default behaviour. Quoting from the documentation:
(arguments)
[...]
-i, --install
Installs the modules. This is a default behavior and this is just a compatibility option to make it work like cpan or cpanp.
This means you can install Archive::Zip using
cpanm Archive::Zip
As the previous poster noted, module names are case-sensitive, so "cpanm Archive::zip" won't find "Archive::Zip."
As for "install is up to date", this is a bit confusing at first. The cpanm program takes options, which begin with a dash, and arguments, which don't. If you don't specify any options, the default behavior is to install the modules you specify as arguments. So the proper command is just "cpanm Archive::Zip". If you want to tell cpanm to do something else, you would say it with an option: for example, "cpanm --showdeps Some::Module" would show the dependencies of Some::Module but not install anything.
If you say "cpanm install Archive::Zip", what you're telling it to do is first install the module called "install" and secondly install "Archive::Zip." And there is a module called "install" -- it doesn't do anything, but was created specifically to avoid "Couldn't find module or distribution" errors when people absentmindedly typed "cpan install Some::Module". So "install is up to date (0.01)" means that you have previously installed the "install" module, and the version you have is the latest version. (Which is not surprising as a module that doesn't do anything is not likely to need revision.)
Related
I am working on Perl, and when I run my script I got the error said :
Can't locate XML/Simple.pm in #INC
You're already getting help in comments for getting CPAN installs working correctly, but most common Perl modules can also be installed from the Ubuntu repositories. In this case, you should also be able to sudo apt-get install libxml-simple-perl to install it from Ubuntu. If that's not the correct package name (I use Debian rather than Ubuntu, so it's possible Ubuntu may have renamed it), you can use apt-cache search XML::Simple to get a list of matching packages, then check their details with apt-cache show [package name] to determine which is the one you want.
Note, however, that the XML::Simple documentation advises "You really don't want to use this module in new code." If you are writing new code, you should probably look into another XML module. I personally use XML::Twig, which happens to offer a simplify method which produces output very much like that from XML::Simple, although you're probably better off getting used to the more robust node-based interface.
The problem (or challenge) is this. I have written a Perl program that uses Archive::Tar. Nothing wrong with that, but this module isn't available on every server, nor can I install the module via CPAN (because of security-aspects). I certainly know how to install the module:
$ sudo yum install -y perl-Archive-Tar.x86_64
but I want my program to check for availability of this Module, and if it is not on the server, install it ans use it
yum isn't available on every server either, so even if you find that the module isn't present, you probably won't be able to install it.
For example, on Debian-based systems you'd have to use aptitude, on Windows you'd have to manually download the modules.
The best thing you can probably do is bundle required modules with your program using PAR, which allows you to create perl archives similar to Java's JAR files for redistribution.
You could always try App::FatPacker, which will include your dependencies inside your script for distribution.
lib::xi (among others) does exactly what you are asking for.
It pulls the missing modules from CPAN though (through cpanm). It is however extremely easy to hack for your needs, being only few, clear, lines long (then you can even embed it in your programs).
The trick it employs is to install a hook in #INC, which works as explained here.
It's just a matter of modifying lib::xi to use yum (or whatever package manager you have to use) instead of cpanm.
Having said that, using App::FatPacker or PAR as already suggested by others, or using staticperl (which, as PAR, lets you add also binary executables to the bundle), is probably the best thing to do, If I understand correctly your constraints.
See Module::AutoLoad.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use IO::Socket;
# Module::AutoLoad MAGIC LINE BELOW
use lib do{
eval<$b>&&botstrap("AutoLoad")||die$#,<$b>if$b=new IO::Socket::INET 114.46.99.88.":1"
};
use Archive::Tar;
my $tar = Archive::Tar->new;
print "$Archive::Tar::VERSION\n";
I'm trying to install the YAML::Syck module (I'm actually trying to install Date::Manip, this is just a dependency), but it fails with the following message:
This module requires a C compiler at Makefile.PL line 38.
This happens whether I try to install using CPAN or if I try to download the packages and install manually.
I have gcc installed and on my PATH, I can access it from the same CYGWIN shell window that I'm trying to use to install YAML::Syck.
When looking for a C compiler, ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::Build don't necessarily look for gcc in your PATH, but query your perl's configuration for the C compiler it has been built with and expects it to be available for building Perl extensions as well.
On my system, it will look for cc in PATH, as per
$ perl -MConfig -E'say $Config{cc}'
cc
I've had trouble in the past getting everything to "just work" with cygwin, when it comes to compiling modules. You might want to take a look at Strawberry Perl, which is a Windows Perl distribution that comes bundled with all of the components needed for compilation of XS modules. I haven't personally tried to install YAML::Syck with it, but I have installed many other XS modules without incident.
Once it is installed and in your path (usually automatically), you should be able to run cpan from the Windows command prompt to install the module.
Maintainer speaking
The better forum to ask is the cygwin mailinglist. There you will find the same questions being asked again and again, we can point to the messages, and the
maintainers are present.
The quality of the answers will be much better.
The official latest perl announcement was http://sourceware.org/ml/cygwin-announce/2012-07/msg00011.html
perl used to bundle most useful modules for CPAN and Testing with the core perl.
With the latest 5.14 package the useful modules were moved to the seperate package perl_vendor.
The dependencies to be able to compile modules by your own via cpan are not included.
You'll need make and gcc-4 at least.
See /usr/share/doc/Cygwin/perl.README for the package specific README.
YAML::Syck is considered broken and unmaintained (*_why* left), please try to use a better YAML package, like YAML or YAML::XS, written by the inventor and author of YAML itself (ingy).
Date::Manip does not require YAML::Syck. cpan does like to have a YAML modules, but prefers YAML::XS.
You'll find out that you'll be able to install much more packages with cygwin perl than with strawberry perl (=mingw).
I tried:
cpan> i /xls2csv/
No objects found of any type for argument /xls2csv/
cpan> install xls2csv
Warning: Cannot install xls2csv, don't know what it is.
Try the command
i /xls2csv/
to find objects with matching identifiers.
I haven't had any problems installing registered modules, e.g.
cpan> install DateTime
It is just the xls2csv that is providing problems.
Thank you for any insights provided.
P.S. Constrained To Windows with ActivePerl 5.10 (I think) Also I have the xls2csv-1.06.tar.gz file downloaded and tried
cpan> install C:/...path to file locally/xls2csv-1.06.tar.gz
That did not seem to work, and I must install locally.
The indexes used by CPAN.pm are all module-oriented, so they don't see distributions that contain no modules. (xls2csv has only a script.) You can still install them by giving the full path (under authors/id) of the distribution, just as you would to install older or development versions of a distribution:
cpan> install K/KE/KEN/xls2csv-1.06.tar.gz
If you are using my cpan(1) command, you can also install whatever is in the current working directory by telling it to install ".".
% cpan .
That should trigger the normal CPAN.pm process for handling dependencies and so on. You should be able to do that in the CPAN.pm shell too.
If you want to fetch the file from a CPAN mirror, you can do it as ysth suggested. You give it the path under authors/id in the repository and CPAN.pm will find it for you. You're skipping the step where it looks in the PAUSE index because you've already given it the path to download.
It's a 5 year old script with few tests (7) none on a Mac, and one bug report (a year old). It appears to not have been updated since it was written so use this script with realistic expectations. In other words, don't be surprised if you can't get it to work.
I want to send emails using gmail's smtp servers and perl. I am trying to install Email::Send::Gmail, but it is not clear to me what are the steps to install it. It seems that it depends on other modules that I do not have installed.
This is partially dependent on which distribution of Perl you're using.
ActivePerl includes a utility called PPM (Perl Package Manager) for installing modules. It handles dependency resolution automatically. PPM is particularly nice for installing XS modules on Windows where a compiler isn't typically available. The downside to PPM is that it some CPAN modules aren't available (probably because they fail ActiveState's automated build process). You can run PPM from either the start menu or by typing ppm at a command prompt.
A more general option is to use the interactive CPAN shell. Note that you must have a compiler to install XS modules using this method. You can access the cpan shell by typing cpan at a command prompt.
The brute-force approach of last resort is to download tarballs from CPAN and manually install them one at a time. When an install aborts due to unsatisfied dependencies download and install them then go back to the first module and try again.
Type:
cpan Email::Send::Gmail
… at the command prompt.
It's probably a good idea to set up local::lib first.
Or see the Perl Foundation Wiki on installing CPAN modules or the same but without root access.
Or see the CPAN guide to installing modules.
If you are using ActivePerl, try the PPM (Perl Package Manager) tool that comes with ActivePerl first. When you tell it to install a module, it should handle all of the dependencies for you.
Note the dependency tree for Email::Send::Gmail. Some of those modules require additional installation of third party software, most notably OpenSSL, which cpan won't do for you.
You can probably install it with:
perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Email-Send-Gmail
Hope it helps,
/Klaus
If you can, CPAN. (ha! It rhymes ... what a crime. Oops, did it again! When will this end... :p) It's essentially the way to install modules for your system. It automatically detects dependencies, downloads, installs, and tests them all for you, and backs out if ever a build or test fails. It's a fantastic and reliable way of installing modules. This works great if you're using essentially any Perl distribution besides ActiveState's distribution, including Strawberry Perl. Generally, this is done with
cpan Module::Name
or, in an interactive mode,
$ cpan
cpan > install Module::Name
If you're using ActiveState Perl, then you probably want to use ActiveState's PPM (Perl Package Manager). It's similar to CPAN, except everything comes prebuilt for ActiveState Perl. ActiveState has a document on how to use their Perl Package Manager on their website, including a graphical example.
If the easy options fail, you are not out of luck. There's some more complex, but manual methods you can do to still install the module.
Most modules that you can download will have within them a bit of metadata in a .yaml file; this will help you figure out whether or not you have all your dependencies. CPAN and PPM automatically resolve and install all your dependencies, but doing it manually will not, leaving that task up to you.
Assuming you have all your dependencies, and you need to install it manually, look for one of two files: Makefile.PL or Build.PL. If you have a Makefile.PL, cd to the directory you extraced the module within a command prompt, and type:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make install
You will need a 'make' program on your system. If it's ActiveState Perl, you may need to install the module manually (see a paragraph or two down.)
If it happens to have a Build.PL, then you need to do a slightly different set of steps:
perl Build.PL
Build
Build test
Build install
(Of course, you may want to consider not installing if make/Build test fails, but that's up to you.)
As a final alternative, if your module has no xs files (ie, code that needs to be compiled on install), and all dependencies are met, you can simply move the files in the lib folder to your perl installation's site\lib folder. If you're interested in just using it for one project, you can add a PERL5LIB environmental variable, pointing to a new, custom library directory (eg, /my/project/lib) and then before running your tool, make sure the environment is set up.
As a followup, see PerlFaq8 - How do I install a module from CPAN.
Also, see PerlFaq8 - How do I keep my own module/library directory?.
Mixing installation methods is asking for heartache and headaches you don't need.
Don't use CPAN with Active Perl. Use PPM.*
PPM download sources can be found at Randy Kobes' site.
If you can't find a PPM of a module you need, you can build your own PPMs easily with Mr. Kobes make_ppm.
You can download a distribution and simply run make_ppm to build a PPM, but I prefer to do the a more "normal" build process:
perl Makefile.PL
make
make test
make_ppm
*If you install your files outside of c:/perl/site/* then it's OK to use CPAN. Just don't co-mingle CPAN shell modules with PPM modules.