I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.
Related
I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.
I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.
I've found myself on CentOS without root access, and with a very lame Perl that doesn't even have ExtUtils::MakeMaker.
Does there exist something that could produce an archive of a module's dependencies, for my to unwrap into a directory that I could put into #INC?
use App::cpanminus
cd ~/bin
curl -LO http://xrl.us/cpanm
chmod +x cpanm
export ROOT=/some/directory
export PERL5LIB=${ROOT}/lib/perl5
Then, install ExtUtils::MakeMaker and Module::CoreList. You can't do a simple installation because these modules are used by cpanm, and it doesn't look in the unpacked source directory for them. So, get cpanm to download them, and do a semi-manual install. It actually installs three distributions (the above two and ExtUtils::Install), which is why you get to invoke the build mantra three times:
PERL_MM_OPT=INSTALLBASE=$ROOT ./cpanm -L $ROOT --look ExtUtils::MakeMaker Module::CoreList
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
perl Makefile.PL
make && make install
exit
It unpacks and cds into each distribution's directory successively. At least that's what happens on a bare-bones CentOS 6 install I just happen to have lying around.
After that, you should be able to install your module and its dependencies via
./cpanm -L $ROOT <module name, or url, or tarball goes here>
Look at the cpanm docs for more info.
You could use perlbrew to innstall a full new Perl with user access.
http://perlbrew.pl/
#install perlbrew
wget -O - http://install.perlbrew.pl | bash
# install new perl for youurself
perlbrew install perl-5.16.0
# set aliases
perlbrew switch perl-5.16.0
#reinstall all moodules for new perl http://perlbrew.pl/Reinstall-All-Modules-On-New-Perl.html
perlbrew list-modules | perlbrew exec --with perl-5.16.0 cpanm
#how to install/recompile third party modules
https://github.com/lecstor/DevNotes/wiki/Image-Magick-with-Perlbrew
Regards,
Download and untar ExtUtils::MakeMaker, create a directory lib under your home directory, install via:
perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~/lib LIB=~/lib
Now that module is installed I suggest you use local::lib (easy install via the bootstrap method in the documentation) to install modules:
perl -MCPAN -Mlocal::lib -e 'CPAN::install(MIME::Lite)' # Replace MIME::Lite with what you want to install.
Here MIME::Lite gets installed via cpan to your local lib directory.
Prelbrew won't take long to set up, and you likely have an easier time of things in the long run.
Edit, too long for comment.
#LeeGee Perhaps I wasn't specific enough.
The method described will allow you to get around the restricted version of perl you have access to, and allow installaton of modules to another location.
If you want to package your app on another machine you could use either PAR or pp to create a standalone package of code & modules, or a stand alone executable.
Failing that Module::ScanDeps will find a scripts dependencies
In cpan shell, only /regexp/ or all modules can be upgrade, if I want to upgrade modules only installed by CPAN,how to do?
I suggest you using cpanm "family" script for perl modules management.
Install cpanm
skip this, if you already have it
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
if you're on freebsd you can use instead curl the command fetch (see: man fetch)
Upgrade cpanm
skip this, if you installed it right now
cpanm --self-upgrade --sudo
Install cpan-outdated
cpanm App::cpanoutdated
The cpan-outdated command do the same as CPAN (r), but IMO better to use from shell
For example, only my notebook gives the result like:
marvin:~ jomo$ cpan-outdated
S/SM/SMUELLER/Attribute-Handlers-0.93.tar.gz
D/DR/DROLSKY/Class-Load-0.20.tar.gz
D/DR/DROLSKY/DateTime-TimeZone-1.47.tar.gz
... etc
Run cpan-outdated & upgrade modules
cpan-outdated -p | cpanm
Changes
If you want see what is changed (Change-log), you can try install cpan-listchanges
cpanm App::cpanlistchanges
and use it like: cpan-listchanges Plack - too see what's changed in Plack between your local and the latest on CPAN
# cpan
cpan> h
Display Information (ver 1.9800)
command argument description
a,b,d,m WORD or /REGEXP/ about authors, bundles, distributions, modules
i WORD or /REGEXP/ about any of the above
ls AUTHOR or GLOB about files in the author's directory
(with WORD being a module, bundle or author name or a distribution
name of the form AUTHOR/DISTRIBUTION)
Download, Test, Make, Install...
get download clean make clean
make make (implies get) look open subshell in dist directory
test make test (implies make) readme display these README files
install make install (implies test) perldoc display POD documentation
Upgrade
r WORDs or /REGEXP/ or NONE report updates for some/matching/all modules
upgrade WORDs or /REGEXP/ or NONE upgrade some/matching/all modules
Pragmas
force CMD try hard to do command fforce CMD try harder
notest CMD skip testing
Other
h,? display this menu ! perl-code eval a perl command
o conf [opt] set and query options q quit the cpan shell
reload cpan load CPAN.pm again reload index load newer indices
autobundle Snapshot recent latest CPAN uploads
Running just the below command will do what you ask.
cpan> upgrade
$ cpan Module
and
cpan> install Module
will upgrade if a newer version is available, and do nothing if you already have the latest version.
You should first log into cpan. Then, once at the prompt type:
r [enter]
That will print out a list of upgradable modules that are installed. After you have that list to work off of you can use the following:
cpan upgrade <MODULE NAME>
Simply replace with the name of the module to upgrade.
Regards,
Jeff
reinstalling the perl package will automatically upgrade using
cpanm --reinstall <Module_Name>
I get this error:
Can't locate Foo.pm in #INC
Is there an easier way to install it than downloading, untarring, making, etc?
On Unix:
usually you start cpan in your shell:
$ cpan
and type
install Chocolate::Belgian
or in short form:
cpan Chocolate::Belgian
On Windows:
If you're using ActivePerl on Windows, the PPM (Perl Package Manager) has much of the same functionality as CPAN.pm.
Example:
$ ppm
ppm> search net-smtp
ppm> install Net-SMTP-Multipart
see How do I install Perl modules? in the CPAN FAQ
Many distributions ship a lot of perl modules as packages.
Debian/Ubuntu: apt-cache search 'perl$'
Arch Linux: pacman -Ss '^perl-'
Gentoo: category dev-perl
You should always prefer them as you benefit from automatic (security) updates and the ease of removal. This can be pretty tricky with the cpan tool itself.
For Gentoo there's a nice tool called g-cpan which builds/installs the module from CPAN and creates a Gentoo package (ebuild) for you.
Try App::cpanminus:
# cpanm Chocolate::Belgian
It's great for just getting stuff installed. It provides none of the more complex functionality of CPAN or CPANPLUS, so it's easy to use, provided you know which module you want to install. If you haven't already got cpanminus, just type:
# cpan App::cpanminus
to install it.
It is also possible to install it without using cpan at all. The basic bootstrap procedure is,
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
For more information go to the App::cpanminus page and look at the section on installation.
I note some folks suggesting one run cpan under sudo. That used to be necessary to install into the system directory, but modern versions of the CPAN shell allow you to configure it to use sudo just for installing. This is much safer, since it means that tests don't run as root.
If you have an old CPAN shell, simply install the new cpan ("install CPAN") and when you reload the shell, it should prompt you to configure these new directives.
Nowadays, when I'm on a system with an old CPAN, the first thing I do is update the shell and set it up to do this so I can do most of my cpan work as a normal user.
Also, I'd strongly suggest that Windows users investigate strawberry Perl. This is a version of Perl that comes packaged with a pre-configured CPAN shell as well as a compiler. It also includes some hard-to-compile Perl modules with their external C library dependencies, notably XML::Parser. This means that you can do the same thing as every other Perl user when it comes to installing modules, and things tend to "just work" a lot more often.
If you're on Ubuntu and you want to install the pre-packaged perl module (for example, geo::ipfree) try this:
$ apt-cache search perl geo::ipfree
libgeo-ipfree-perl - A look up country of ip address Perl module
$ sudo apt-get install libgeo-ipfree-perl
A couple of people mentioned the cpan utility, but it's more than just starting a shell. Just give it the modules that you want to install and let it do it's work.
$prompt> cpan Foo::Bar
If you don't give it any arguments it starts the CPAN.pm shell. This works on Unix, Mac, and should be just fine on Windows (especially Strawberry Perl).
There are several other things that you can do with the cpan tool as well. Here's a summary of the current features (which might be newer than the one that comes with CPAN.pm and perl):
-a
Creates the CPAN.pm autobundle with CPAN::Shell->autobundle.
-A module [ module ... ]
Shows the primary maintainers for the specified modules
-C module [ module ... ]
Show the Changes files for the specified modules
-D module [ module ... ]
Show the module details. This prints one line for each out-of-date module (meaning,
modules locally installed but have newer versions on CPAN). Each line has three columns:
module name, local version, and CPAN version.
-L author [ author ... ]
List the modules by the specified authors.
-h
Prints a help message.
-O
Show the out-of-date modules.
-r
Recompiles dynamically loaded modules with CPAN::Shell->recompile.
-v
Print the script version and CPAN.pm version.
sudo perl -MCPAN -e 'install Foo'
Also see Yes, even you can use CPAN. It shows how you can use CPAN without having root or sudo access.
Otto made a good suggestion. This works for Debian too, as well as any other Debian derivative. The missing piece is what to do when apt-cache search doesn't find something.
$ sudo apt-get install dh-make-perl build-essential apt-file
$ sudo apt-file update
Then whenever you have a random module you wish to install:
$ cd ~/some/path
$ dh-make-perl --build --cpan Some::Random::Module
$ sudo dpkg -i libsome-random-module-perl-0.01-1_i386.deb
This will give you a deb package that you can install to get Some::Random::Module. One of the big benefits here is man pages and sample scripts in addition to the module itself will be placed in your distro's location of choice. If the distro ever comes out with an official package for a newer version of Some::Random::Module, it will automatically be installed when you apt-get upgrade.
Already answered and accepted answer - but anyway:
IMHO the easiest way installing CPAN modules (on unix like systems, and have no idea about the wondows) is:
curl -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus
The above is installing the "zero configuration CPAN modules installer" called cpanm. (Can take several minutes to install - don't break the process)
and after - simply:
cpanm Foo
cpanm Module::One
cpanm Another::Module
Many times it does happen that cpan install command fails with the message like
"make test had returned bad status, won't install without force"
In that case following is the way to install the module:
perl -MCPAN -e "CPAN::Shell->force(qw(install Foo::Bar));"
Lots of recommendation for CPAN.pm, which is great, but if you're using Perl 5.10 then you've also got access to CPANPLUS.pm which is like CPAN.pm but better.
And, of course, it's available on CPAN for people still using older versions of Perl. Why not try:
$ cpan CPANPLUS
Use cpan command as cpan Modulename
$ cpan HTML::Parser
To install dependencies automatically follow the below
$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan[1]> o conf prerequisites_policy follow
cpan[2]> o conf commit
exit
I prefer App::cpanminus, it installs dependencies automatically. Just do
$ cpanm HTML::Parser
On ubuntu most perl modules are already packaged, so installing is much faster than most other systems which have to compile.
To install Foo::Bar at a commmand prompt for example usually you just do:
sudo apt-get install libfoo-bar-perl
Sadly not all modules follow that naming convention.
On Fedora Linux or Enterprise Linux, yum also tracks perl library dependencies. So, if the perl module is available, and some rpm package exports that dependency, it will install the right package for you.
yum install 'perl(Chocolate::Belgian)'
(most likely perl-Chocolate-Belgian package, or even ChocolateFactory package)
Even it should work:
cpan -i module_name
2 ways that I know of :
USING PPM :
With Windows (ActivePerl) I've used ppm
from the command line type ppm. At the ppm prompt ...
ppm> install foo
or
ppm> search foo
to get a list of foo modules available. Type help for all the commands
USING CPAN :
you can also use CPAN like this (*nix systems) :
perl -MCPAN -e 'shell'
gets you a prompt
cpan>
at the prompt ...
cpan> install foo (again to install the foo module)
type h to get a list of commands for cpan
On Fedora you can use
# yum install foo
as long as Fedora has an existing package for the module.
Easiest way for me is this:
PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT=1 perl -MCPAN -e 'install DateTime::TimeZone'
a) automatic recursive dependency detection/resolving/installing
b) it's a shell onliner, good for setup-scripts
If you want to put the new module into a custom location that your cpan shell isn't configured to use, then perhaps, the following will be handy.
#wget <URL to the module.tgz>
##unpack
perl Build.PL
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME
./Build destdir=$HOME install_base=$HOME install
Sometimes you can use the yum search foo to search the relative perl module, then use yum install xxx to install.
Secure solution
Many answers mention the use of the cpan utility (which uses CPAN.pm) without a word on security. By default, CPAN 2.27 and earlier configures urllist to use a http URL (namely, http://www.cpan.org/), which allows MITM attacks, thus is insecure. This is what is used to download the CHECKSUMS files, so that it needs to be changed to a secure URL (e.g. https://www.cpan.org/).
So, after running cpan and accepting the default configuration, you need to modify the generated MyConfig.pm file (the full path is output) in the following way. Replace
'urllist' => [q[http://www.cpan.org/]],
by
'urllist' => [q[https://www.cpan.org/]],
Note: https is not sufficient; you also need a web site you can trust. So, be careful if you want to choose some arbitrary mirror.
Then you can use cpan in the usual way.
My bug report on rt.cpan.org about the insecure URL.
Simply executing cpan Foo::Bar on shell would serve the purpose.
Seems like you've already got your answer but I figured I'd chime in. This is what I do in some scripts on an Ubuntu (or debian server)
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
#I've gotten into the habit of setting this on all my scripts, prevents weird path issues if the script is not being run by root
$ENV{'PATH'} = '/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin';
#Fill this with the perl modules required for your project
my #perl = qw(LWP::Simple XML::LibXML MIME::Lite DBI DateTime Config::Tiny Proc::ProcessTable);
chomp(my $curl = `which curl`);
if(!$curl){ system('apt-get install curl -y > /dev/null'); }
chomp(my $cpanm = system('/bin/bash', '-c', 'which cpanm &>/dev/null'));
#installs cpanm if missing
if($cpanm){ system('curl -s -L http://cpanmin.us | perl - --sudo App::cpanminus'); }
#loops through required modules and installs them if missing
foreach my $x (#perl){
eval "use $x";
if($#){
system("cpanm $x");
eval "use $x";
}
}
This works well for me, maybe there is something here you can use.
On Windows with the ActiveState distribution of Perl, use the ppm command.