How to search for a specific pattern in MongoDB? - mongodb

Im having trouble with my query in Meteor since I am not quite well versed with MongoDB.
This here is a sample collection with two documents.
Ducks:
[{
name: "duck1"
metadata: {
id: "id_1",
category: "samecategory"
}
},
{
name: "daffy"
metadata: {
id: "id_2",
category: "samecategory"
}
}]
I implemented a search functionality from atmosphere. What I want to achieve is that when I search for example: d the results will be both ducks. du will be only be duck1 and naturally da will only be daffy. Also so that they will be filtered by the same category.
"$and": [{"name": {}}, {"metadata.category": "samecategory"}]
Inside the name {} is where the search queries. It will only give me the result when the name is exact. I can't find in the mongo docs if it has contains like in Java.

The following query will return a subset of documents which names start with d and have metadata.category set to samecategory:
Ducks.find({"metadata.category": "samecategory", "name": /^d/});
The regular expression /^d/ is similar to LIKE 'd%'.

Related

Mongoose findOne not working as expected on nested records

I've got a collection in MongoDB whose simplified version looks like this:
Dealers = [{
Id: 123,
Name: 'Someone',
Email: 'someone#somewhere.com',
Vehicles: [
{
Id: 1234,
Make: 'Honda',
Model: 'Civic'
},
{
Id: 2345,
Make: 'Ford',
Model: 'Focus'
},
{
Id: 3456,
Make: 'Ford',
Model: 'KA'
}
]
}]
And my Mongoose Model looks a bit like this:
const vehicle_model = mongoose.Schema({
Id: {
Type: Number
},
Email: {
Type: String
},
Vehicles: [{
Id: {
Type: Number
},
Make: {
Type: String
},
Model: {
Type: String
}
}]
})
Note the Ids are not MongoDB Ids, just distinct numbers.
I try doing something like this:
const response = await vehicle_model.findOne({ 'Id': 123, 'Vehicles.Id': 1234 })
But when I do:
console.log(response.Vehicles.length)
It's returned all the Vehicles nested records instead on the one I'm after.
What am I doing wrong?
Thanks.
This question is asked very frequently. Indeed someone asked a related question here just 18 minutes before this one.
When query the database you are requesting that it identify and return matching documents to the client. That is a separate action entirely than asking for it to transform the shape of those documents before they are sent back to the client.
In MongoDB, the latter operation (transforming the shape of the document) is usually referred to as "Projection". Simple projections, specifically just returning a subset of the fields, can be done directly in find() (and similar) operations. Most drivers and the shell use the second argument to the method as the projection specification, see here in the documentation.
Your particular case is a little more complicated because you are looking to trim off some of the values in the array. There is a dedicated page in the documentation titled Project Fields to Return from Query which goes into more detail about different situations. Indeed near the bottom is a section titled Project Specific Array Elements in the Returned Array which describes your situation more directly. In it is where they describe usage of the positional $ operator. You can use that as a starting place as follows:
db.collection.find({
"Id": 123,
"Vehicles.Id": 1234
},
{
"Vehicles.$": 1
})
Playground demonstration here.
If you need something more complex, then you would have to start exploring usage of the $elemMatch (projection) operator (not the query variant) or, as #nimrod serok mentions in the comments, using the $filter aggregation operator in an aggregation pipeline. The last option here is certainly the most expressive and flexible, but also the most verbose.

string regex vs array product catalog mongodb performance

I am trying to implement a product catalog in mongodb but I am not sure should I use string to store product category which is regex friendly or should I prefer an array
eg:
{
productId: 34523,
name: "smartWatch",
category: '/23425/6456/76556'
}
or
{
productId: 34523,
name: "smartWatch",
category: [23425, 6456, 76556]
}
MongoDB supports various query operators on arrays such as $elemMatch and $all. Trying to achieve the same functionality with regular expression searches would be much more awkward.
The big issue with the second approach is that if we have "attributes" field then we can not use compound indexing.
eg:
{
id: "2342342",
name: "TV",
categories: [234,345,456]
attributes: [{name: "size", value: "wide"}, {name: "color", value: "black"}]
}
this
db.Product.createIndex({categories: 1, "attributes.name": 1})
will throw this error
cannot index parallel arrays [variants] [attributes]
or maybe using index intersection solve the issue

How to filter minimongo collection with more parameters in meteor

I need help with filtering reactively minimongo collection with 3+ parameters. Firs, I have loaded minimongo from server's mongo collection with publish/subscribe. Now, I want to filter that collection and let user see only objects from collection that are same like filters. First of all I have search query filter that checks if input string is same as some filed in collection:
Job.find({ $or: [ { Name: regex }, { Description: regex }, ]});
This part is doing his job well. And now second filter: I have field in object that is true if that particular job is remote friendly and false if it is not, I wanted to if user enables that filter he only see just remote friendly job positions, and if he disables that, he can see all jobs available ( + search query of course):
if (remoteQuery === true ) {
return Job.find({ $or: [ { Name: regex }, { Description: regex }, ] , Remote: true});
}
This is working, but it is bad way for doing this. And now biggest problem comes with last filter: I have one more field that is storing "job" (collection object) type. Type can be 1, 2 , 3 or 4. So how could I say to minimongo e.g. "Show only jobs that have "Front-end" inside (search query), that are remote friendly, and have third filter 2 and 3 inside"
Job.find({ $or: [ { Name: "Front-end"}, { Description: "Front-end"}, ] , Remote: true, positionType: [2,3],});
Something like this? Thanks!
Sounds like you are looking for the MongoDB query $in operator:
The $in operator selects the documents where the value of a field equals any value in the specified array.
Therefore your 3rd query could look like:
Job.find({
positionType: {
$in: [2, 3] // Matches documents where `positionType` is either 2 or 3
},
// Other conditions…
});

MongoDB many-to-many search

this is my collections: (many-to-many)
actors:
{
_id: 1,
name: "Name 1"
}
movies:
{
_id: 1,
name: "The Terminator",
production_year: 1984,
actors: [
{
actors_id: 1,
role_id : 1
},
{
actors_id: 2,
role_id : 1
}
]
}
I can't get a list of actors for some movie
it is not a problem when I have this:
{
_id: 1,
name: "The Terminator",
production_year: 1984,
actors: [1,2,3,4,5] (actors id's)
}
var a = db.movies.findOne(name:"The Terminator").actors
db.actors.find({"_id":{$in:a}})
but, how can I make it with this above structure:
if, I do this var a = db.movies.findOne(name:"The Terminator").actors
it returns me this:
[
{
actors_id: 1,
role_id : 1
},
{
actors_id: 2,
role_id : 1
}
]
How do I get only this in array [1,2] (actors_id) to get the names of actors (with $in)
Thanks,
Zoran
You don't. Within MongoDB you always query for documents so you have to make sure your schema is such that you can get all the information you need by querying for specific documents. There is no join/view like functionality in MongoDB.
Denormalization is usually the most appropriate choice in such cases. Your schema looks like it's designed for a traditional relational database and you will have to try and let go of some of the schema design principles that come with relational data.
Specifically for your example you could add the actor name to the embedded array so you have that information after querying for the movie.
Finally, consider if you're using the right tool for what you need to do. Too often people think of MongoDB is a "fast MySQL" which is entirely wrong. Document databases are very different to RDBMS and even k/v stores. If you have a lot of related data use an RDBMS.
variable a in db.movies.findOne(name:"The Terminator").actors is an array of documents, so you'd have to make it an array of integers (ids)

MongoDB: Is a range query possible using multikeys?

var jd = {
type: "Person",
attributes: {
name: "John Doe",
age: 30
}
};
var pd = {
type: "Person",
attributes: {
name: "Penelope Doe",
age: 26
}
};
var ss = {
type: "Book",
attributes: {
name: "The Sword Of Shannara",
author: "Terry Brooks"
}
};
db.things.save(jd);
db.things.save(pd);
db.things.save(ss);
db.things.ensureIndex({attributes: 1})
db.things.find({"attributes.age": 30}) // => John Doe
db.things.find({"attributes.age": 30}).explain() // => BasicCursor... (don't want a scan)
db.things.find({"attributes.age": {$gte: 18}) // John Doe, Penelope Doe (via a scan)
The goal is that all attributes be indexed and searchable via range queries and that the index actually be used (as opposed to a collection scan). There's no telling what attributes a document will have. I have read about multikeys but they seem only to work (by index) with exact-match queries.
Multikeys prefers this format for a document:
var pd = {
type: "Person",
attributes: [
{name: "Penelope Doe"},
{age: 26}
]
};
Is there a pattern where by one index I can find items by attribute using a range?
EDIT:
In a schemaless DB it makes sense to have potentially a limitless array of types, yet a collection name practically implies some sort of type. But if we go to the extreme, we want to allow for any number of types within a collection (so that we don't have to define a collection for every conceivable custom type a user might imagine). Searching, therefore, by attributes (of any sort) with just a single deep index (that supports ranged queries) makes this sort of thing far more feasible. Seems to me a natural fit for a schemaless DB.
Opened a ticket if you wanna vote it up:
http://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-2675
Yes range queries work with multikeys. However multikeys are for arrays rather than embedded objects.
In the example above try
db.things.ensureIndex({"attributes.age": 1})
Range queries are possible using multikeys; however, expressing the query can be tricky.