I'm loading a lot of image paths into a NSURL.
The images are in a folder ordered from 1.PNG, 2.PNG, 3.PNG to 1500.PNG. When I trie to load them:
let imagePath = path + "/images"
let url = NSURL(fileURLWithPath: imagePath)
print(url)
let fileManager = NSFileManager.defaultManager()
let properties = [NSURLLocalizedLabelKey,
NSURLCreationDateKey, NSURLLocalizedTypeDescriptionKey]
do {
imageURLs = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectoryAtURL(url, includingPropertiesForKeys: properties, options:NSDirectoryEnumerationOptions.SkipsHiddenFiles)
} catch let error1 as NSError {
print(error1.description)
}
The imageURLs array gets filled with:
imageURLs[0] = ...\0.PNG
imageURLs[1] = ...\1.PNG
imageURLs[2] = ...\100.PNG
imageURLs[3] = ...\1000.PNG
and not in the numeric order!
Can someone help to sort the imageURLs or while i load the image paths on it or after they are loaded?
As you want to sort the files by the number you have to parse first the path to achieve it, so let's suppose we have the following array of NSURL objects:
var urls = [NSURL(string: "file:///path/to/user/folder/2.PNG")!, NSURL(string: "file:///path/to/user/folder/100.PNG")!, NSURL(string: "file:///path/to/user/folder/101.PNG")!, NSURL(string: "file:///path/to/user/folder/1.PNG")! ]
We can use the pathComponents property to extract an array with all the components in the path for a NSURL (e.g ["/", "path", "to", "user", "folder", "2.PNG"]).
If we see we can order the files by the last element in the array that is the filename removing the extension and the dot("."), in this case the number. Let's see how to do it in the following code:
urls.sortInPlace {
// number of elements in each array
let c1 = $0.pathComponents!.count - 1
let c2 = $1.pathComponents!.count - 1
// the filename of each file
var v1 = $0.pathComponents![c1].componentsSeparatedByString(".")
var v2 = $1.pathComponents![c2].componentsSeparatedByString(".")
return Int(v1[0]) < Int(v2[0])
}
In the above code we use the function sortInPlace to avoid create another array with the elements sorted, but can you use sort instead if you want. The another important point in the code is the line return Int(v1[0]) < Int(v2[0]), in this line we have to convert the number in the string to a real number, because if we compare the two strings "2" and "100" the second one is less than greater than because the string are compared lexicographically.
So the the array urls should be like the following one:
[file:///path/to/user/folder/1.PNG, file:///path/to/user/folder/2.PNG, file:///path/to/user/folder/100.PNG, file:///path/to/user/folder/101.PNG]
EDIT:
The two functions pathComponents and componentsSeparatedByString increase the space complexity of the sortInPlace algorithm, if you can asure that the path for the files always will be the same except it's filename that should be a number you can use instead this code:
urls.sortInPlace { $0.absoluteString.compare(
$1.absoluteString, options: .NumericSearch) == .OrderedAscending
}
I hope this help you.
Its a bit late, anyway this worked for me in Swift 5
imageURLs.sort {
($0.pathComponents.last?.components(separatedBy: ".").first)! < ($1.pathComponents.last?.components(separatedBy: ".").first)!
}
This takes path components from url(separated by /), then take the last part and take components of it ( separated by . ). Then take first part and compare with the other urls similarly.
Complexity: O(n log n), where n is the length of the collection[ as per Apple doc]
Related
I'm trying to get an understanding of some code I came across recently.
In an answer to a question here https://stackoverflow.com/a/51173170/1162328, the author made use of a String with a format specifier when looping over files in the documentDirectory. Can anyone shed some light on what %#/%# is actually doing?
for fileName in fileNames {
let tempPath = String(format: "%#/%#", path, fileName)
// Check for specific file which you don't want to delete. For me .sqlite files
if !tempPath.contains(".sql") {
try fileManager.removeItem(atPath: tempPath)
}
}
Reading the Apple documentation archive for Formatting Basics I came across this:
In format strings, a ‘%’ character announces a placeholder for a value, with the characters that follow determining the kind of value expected and how to format it. For example, a format string of "%d houses" expects an integer value to be substituted for the format expression '%d'. NSString supports the format characters defined for the ANSI C functionprintf(), plus ‘#’ for any object.
What exactly then, is %#/%# doing?
Each format specifier is replaced by one of the following arguments (usually in the same order, although that can be controlled with positional arguments). So in your case, the first %# is replaced by path and the second %# is replaced by fileName. Example:
let path = "/path/to/dir"
let fileName = "foo.txt"
let tempPath = String(format: "%#/%#", path, fileName)
print(tempPath) // /path/to/dir/foo.txt
The preferred way to build file names and paths is to use the corresponding URL methods instead of string manipulation. Example:
let pathURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
let tempURL = pathURL.appendingPathComponent(fileName)
if tempURL.pathExtension != "sql" {
try FileManager.default.removeItem(at: tempURL)
}
%# is something similar to %d or anything like that. This is the way of string interpolation in Swift.
To be exact %# is placeholder for object - used in Objective-C A LOT. Since NSString * was object (now it is only String), it was used to insert NSString * into another NSString *.
Also given code is just rewritten objective-c code which was something like
NSString *tempPath = [NSString stringWithFormat:#"%#/%#", path, filename];
which can be rewritten in swift:
let tempPath = path + "/" + fileName
Also, given path = "Test" and fileName = "great" will give output Test/great.
One more note: %# is as good as dangerous. You can put UITableView as well as String in it. It will use description property for inserting into string.
I have a function that gathers all of the .jpg files in the Documents directory and all folders within it. The function then puts the file paths of the .jpgs into an array. What I need to do is filter a file defaultImage.jpg from the array. The problem I'm having is that the items in the array are paths to the jpg images so they are not strings. How can I filter either "theArray" or "files" or "theImagePaths" variables to remove the defaultImage.jpg? I've tried getting the index of defaultImage.jpg but again because the variables contain paths to the image files that doesn't seem to work.
I've tried - theArray.removeAll(where: {$0 == "defaultImage.jpg"}) but I couldn't get it to remove the image file.
static func buildPresentationArray() -> [String]
{
let theDirectoryPath = ModelData.getDocumentsDirectory()
let fm = FileManager.default
var theArray = [String]()
theArray.removeAll()
let files = fm.enumerator(at: theDirectoryPath, includingPropertiesForKeys: nil, options: [.skipsHiddenFiles])
let theImagePaths = files!.filter{ ($0 as AnyObject).pathExtension == "jpg"}
for theImagePath in theImagePaths
{
theArray.append((theImagePath as AnyObject).path)
}
return theArray
}
You can use a combination of filter(_:) and contains(_:) to get that working, i.e.
let filteredArray = theArray.filter({ !$0.contains("defaultImage.jpg") })
Try this :
theArray.removeAll { (image: String) -> Bool in
return image.contains("defaultImage.jpg")
}
From the URL get the last component and compare it with defaultImage.jpg
theArray = [URL]()
theArray.removeAll(where: {$0.lastPathComponent == "defaultImage.jpg"})
I have a url string (fake)
http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics/ces_ssn
And I'd like to create a new URL string
http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/
The issue I'm facing is the last parameter ces_ssn can sometimes be anything like ces_fw or adv_let so I can't entirely set an endIndex in my code.
Is there a way to create a function that is dynamic in saying just give me the first 32 characters every time, not matter the endIndex
You have a URL. Use URL. Assuming you know you want to drop the last two parts of the path, you can do:
let myURL = URL(string: "http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics/ces_ssn")!
let shortURL = myURL.deletingLastPathComponent().deletingLastPathComponent()
print(shortURL)
Output:
http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/
This works for Swift 4
var url = "http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics/ces_ssn"
let newStr = url.prefix(32)
or probably the perfect way
if let index = url.range(of: "api/")?.upperBound {
let api = url.prefix(upTo: index)
}
You can use prefix()
"http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics/ces_ssn".prefix(32)
That sounds prone to mistake if all of a sudden your URL is https instead of http, for example.
Instead I would do:
let url = URL(string: "http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics/ces_ssn")!
let components = url.pathComponents
let scheme = url.scheme!
let host = url.host!
let slash = components.removeFirst()
print (components) // ["api", "analytics", "ces_ssn"]
The components you are interested in are then the 0 and 1 component, and you could reconstruct your URL like this:
let newURL = "\(scheme)://\(host)/\(components[0])/\(components[1])"
print (newURL) // "http://fools.sayers.mine.cs/api/analytics"
Ok, I am working in an iMessage app and am trying to parse more than 1 url query item from the selected message here- I have been successful getting/sending just 1 value in a query:
override func willBecomeActive(with conversation: MSConversation) {
// Called when the extension is about to move from the inactive to active state.
// This will happen when the extension is about to present UI.
if(conversation.selectedMessage?.url != nil) //trying to catch error
{
let components = URLComponents(string: (conversation.selectedMessage?.url?.query?.description)!)
//let val = conversation.selectedMessage?.url?.query?.description
if let queryItems = components?.queryItems {
// process the query items here...
let param1 = queryItems.filter({$0.name == "theirScore"}).first
print("***************=> GOT IT ",param1?.value)
}
}
When I just have 1 value, just by printing conversation.selectedMessage?.url?.query?.description I get an optional with that 1 value, which is good. But with multiple I cant find a clean way to get specific values by key.
What is the correct way to parse a URLQueryItem for given keys for iMessage?
When you do conversation.selectedMessage?.url?.query?.description it simply prints out the contents of the query. If you have multiple items then it would appear something like:
item=Item1&part=Part1&story=Story1
You can parse that one manually by splitting the string on "&" and then splitting the contents of the resulting array on "=" to get the individual key value pairs in to a dictionary. Then, you can directly refer to each value by key to get the specific values, something like this:
var dic = [String:String]()
if let txt = url?.query {
let arr = txt.components(separatedBy:"&")
for item in arr {
let arr2 = item.components(separatedBy:"=")
let key = arr2[0]
let val = arr2[1]
dic[key] = val
}
}
print(dic)
The above gives you an easy way to access the values by key. However, that is a bit more verbose. The way you provided in your code, using a filter on the queryItems array, is the more compact solution :) So you already have the easier/compact solution, but if this approach makes better sense to you personally, you can always go this route ...
Also, if the issue is that you have to write the same filtering code multiple times to get a value from the queryItems array, then you can always have a helper method which takes two parameters, the queryItems array and a String parameter (the key) and returns an optional String value (the value matching the key) along the following lines:
func valueFrom(queryItems:[URLQueryItem], key:String) -> String? {
return queryItems.filter({$0.name == key}).first?.value
}
Then your above code would look like:
if let queryItems = components?.queryItems {
// process the query items here...
let param1 = valueFrom(queryItems:queryItems, key:"item")
print("***************=> GOT IT ", param1)
}
You can use iMessageDataKit library. It makes setting and getting data really easy and straightforward like:
let message: MSMessage = MSMessage()
message.md.set(value: 7, forKey: "user_id")
message.md.set(value: "john", forKey: "username")
message.md.set(values: ["joy", "smile"], forKey: "tags")
print(message.md.integer(forKey: "user_id")!)
print(message.md.string(forKey: "username")!)
print(message.md.values(forKey: "tags")!)
(Disclaimer: I'm the author of iMessageDataKit)
When trying to remove the suffix from a filename, I'm only left with the suffix, which is exactly not what I want.
What (how many things) am I doing wrong here:
let myTextureAtlas = SKTextureAtlas(named: "demoArt")
let filename = (myTextureAtlas.textureNames.first?.characters.split{$0 == "."}.map(String.init)[1].replacingOccurrences(of: "\'", with: ""))! as String
print(filename)
This prints png which is the most dull part of the whole thing.
If by suffix you mean path extension, there is a method for this:
let filename = "demoArt.png"
let name = (filename as NSString).deletingPathExtension
// name - "demoArt"
Some people here seem to overlook that a filename can have multiple periods in the name and in that case only the last period separates the file extension. So this.is.a.valid.image.filename.jpg and stripping the extension should return this.is.a.valid.image.filename and not this (as two answers here would produce) or anything else in between. The regex answer works correctly but using a regex for that is a bit overkill (probably 10 times slower than using simple string processing). Here's a generic function that works for everyone:
func stripFileExtension ( _ filename: String ) -> String {
var components = filename.components(separatedBy: ".")
guard components.count > 1 else { return filename }
components.removeLast()
return components.joined(separator: ".")
}
print("1: \(stripFileExtension("foo"))")
print("2: \(stripFileExtension("foo.bar"))")
print("3: \(stripFileExtension("foo.bar.foobar"))")
Output:
foo
foo
foo.bar
You can also split the String using componentsSeparatedBy, like this:
let fileName = "demoArt.png"
var components = fileName.components(separatedBy: ".")
if components.count > 1 { // If there is a file extension
components.removeLast()
return components.joined(separator: ".")
} else {
return fileName
}
To clarify:
fileName.components(separatedBy: ".")
will return an array made up of "demoArt" and "png".
In iOS Array start with 0 and you want name of the file without extension, so you have split the string using ., now the name will store in first object and extension in the second one.
Simple Example
let fileName = "demoArt.png"
let name = fileName.characters.split(".").map(String.init).first
If you don't care what the extension is. This is a simple way.
let ss = filename.prefix(upTo: fileName.lastIndex { $0 == "." } ?? fileName.endIndex))
You may want to convert resulting substring to String after this. With String(ss)
#Confused with Swift 4 you can do this:
let fileName = "demoArt.png"
// or on your specific case:
// let fileName = myTextureAtlas.textureNames.first
let name = String(fileName.split(separator: ".").first!)
print(name)
Additionally you should also unwrapp first but I didn't want to complicate the sample code to solve your problem.
Btw, since I've also needed this recently, if you want to remove a specific suffix you know in advance, you can do something like this:
let fileName = "demoArt.png"
let fileNameExtension = ".png"
if fileName.hasSuffix(fileNameExtension) {
let name = fileName.prefix(fileName.count - fileNameExtension.count)
print(name)
}
How about using .dropLast(k) where k is the number of characters you drop from the suffix ?
Otherwise for removing extensions from path properly from filename, I insist you to use URL and .deletingPathExtension().lastPathComponent.
Maybe a bit overhead but at least it's a rock solid Apple API.
You can also use a Regexp to extract all the part before the last dot like that :
let fileName = "test.png"
let pattern = "^(.*)(\\.[a-zA-Z]+)$"
let regexp = try! NSRegularExpression(pattern: pattern, options: [])
let extractedName = regexp.stringByReplacingMatches(in: fileName, options: [], range: NSMakeRange(0, fileName.characters.count), withTemplate: "$1")
print(extractedName) //test
let mp3Files = ["alarm.mp3", "bubbles.mp3", "fanfare.mp3"]
let ringtonsArray = mp3Files.flatMap { $0.components(separatedBy: ".").first }
You can return a new string removing a definite number of characters from the end.
let fileName = "demoArt.png"
fileName.dropLast(4)
This code returns "demoArt"
One liner:
let stringWithSuffixDropped = fileName.split(separator: ".").dropLast().joined(separator: ".")