I came accross a hash that starts as follows, which I'm trying to reverse: $rar3$*1*
However, I can't seem to find a rainbow table for the rar3 hashing algorithm.
Can anyone point me in the right direction.
Rainbow tables won't work:
RAR passwords, why don't rainbow tables work?
$RAR3$0, which is RAR with opening-password, is supported by Hashcat. [2]
It is created with the -hp option: [3]
-hp option, which encrypts the internal block headers that contain file metadata, as well as the content of the files
-p option, which encrypts only the content of the files in the archive, while file metadata (filenames...) are not encrypted
$RAR3$1, which is created with -p, is not supported by Hashcat. You can try John the Ripper to crack it instead. [5][6]
cRARk freeware utility to crack RAR password
Related
I found something very weird on a project.
I have 2 files :
One is the input file, it's a .bip file which you can open with GIS software like QGIS
here's the input. this file is provided by the CCSDS and accessible here
The other is the output after been compressed and decompressed by a lossless compression algorithm (CCSDS 123 by ESA)
Those 2 files shares the exact same sha256 and sha1 hash, so they are identical.
3226009de97d66589fc58cdc9af377e6315ccc69a7095bec8dc04447bf3cea2e test_ptn_x100y36z17_16u.bip
3226009de97d66589fc58cdc9af377e6315ccc69a7095bec8dc04447bf3cea2e test_ptn_decomp.bip (sha256 shown here).
The thing is, if the entry is showed by QGIS, the second one displays a message and refuses to open it shows this message (translated : the file test_ptn_decomp.bip is not a recognized or valid data source)
Is there something i don't understand with hashes ? i've tried moving files to other directories and renaming but nothing changes QGIS wise.
It is highly unlikely you got a different content with same sha256 hash by chance. So I'll assume the files are identical. Anyway, it is easy to use any diff program to compare.
So there should be some other differences, things that come to mind:
file name might contain some meaningful information needed by QGIS. Try renaming decompressed file e.g. decomp_ptn_x100y36z17_16u.bip, maybe x100.. is essential?
There are some additional files, that must have matching names. Do you have a .hdr file, as explained in QGIS tutorials?
https://www.qgistutorials.com/en/docs/open_bil_bip_bsq_files.html
I'm relatively new to C# and am attempting to adapt a text encryption algorithm I designed in wxMaxima into a Binary encryption program in C# using Visual Studio forms. Because I am new to reading/writing binary files, I am lacking in knowledge regarding what happens when I try to read or write to a filestream.
For example, instead of encrypting a text file as I've done in the past, say I want to encrypt an executable or any other form of binary file.
Here are a few questions I don't understand:
When I open a file stream and use binaryreader will it read in an absolute duplicate of absolutely everything in the file? I want to be able to, for example, read in an entire file, delete the original file, then create a new file with the old name and write the entire binary stream back. Will this reproduce the original file exactly or will there be some sort of corruption that must otherwise be accounted for?
Because it's an encryption program, I was hoping to add in a feature that would low-level "format" the original file before deleting it so it would be theoretically inaccessible by combing the physical data of a harddisk. If I use binarywriter to overwrite parts of the original file with gibberish will it be put on the same spot on the harddisk or will the file become fragmented and actually just redirect via the FAT to some other portion of the harddisk? Obviously there's no point in overwriting the original file with gibberish if it's not over-writing the original cluster on the harddisk.
For your first question: A BinaryReader is not what you want. The name is a bit misleading: it "Reads primitive data types as binary values in a specific encoding." You probably want a FileStream.
Regarding the second question: That will not be easy: please see the "How SDelete Works" section of SDelete for an explanation. Brief extract in case that link breaks in the future:
"Securely deleting a file that has no special attributes is relatively straight-forward: the secure delete program simply overwrites the file with the secure delete pattern. What is more tricky is securely deleting Windows NT/2K compressed, encrypted and sparse files, and securely cleansing disk free spaces.
Compressed, encrypted and sparse are managed by NTFS in 16-cluster blocks. If a program writes to an existing portion of such a file NTFS allocates new space on the disk to store the new data and after the new data has been written, deallocates the clusters previously occupied by the file."
On some sites, in their download section each file has a md5. md5 of what? i cant understand the purpose
on phpBB.com for example:
Download phpBB 3.0.6 (zip)
Size: 2.30 MiB
MD5: 63e2bde5bd03d8ed504fe181a70ec97a
It is the signature of the file's hash. The idea is that you can run MD5 against the downloaded file, then compare it against that value to make sure you did not end up with a corrupted download.
This is a checksum, for verifying that the file as-downloaded is intact, without transmission errors. If the checksum listing is on a different server than the download, it also may give a little peace of mind that the download server hasn't been hacked (with the presumption that two servers are harder to hack than one).
It's a hash of the file. Used to ensure file integrity once you download said file. You'd use an md5 checksum tool to verify the file state.
Sites will post checksums so that you can make sure the file downloaded is the same as the file they're offering. This lets you ensure that file has not been corrupted or tampered with.
On most unix operating systems you can run md5 or md5sum on a file to get the hash for it. If the hash you get matches the hash from the website, you can be reasonably certain that the file is intact. A quick Google search will get you md5sum utilities for Windows.
You might also see an SHA-1 hash sometimes. It's the same concept, but a different and more secure algorithm.
This is an md5 hash of the entire binary contents of the file. The point is that if two files have different md5 hashes, they are different. This helps you determine whether a local file on your computer is the same as the file on the website, without having to download it again. For instance:
You downloaded your local copy somewhere else and think there might be a virus inside.
Your connection is lossy and you fear the file might be corrupted by the download.
You have changed the local file name and want to know which version you have.
I am trying to figure out what hashing algorithm is used for the Microsoft Symbol Local Cache directory.
For example, the local cache can be something like the following
L:\Symbols
\browseui.dll
\44FBC679fe000
browsue.dll
\browseui.pdb
\44F402F62
browseui.pdb
\explorer.exe
\3EBF1F14f7000
explorer.exe
\explorer.pdb
\3EBF1F141
explorer.pdb
\msvcr71.pdb
\60D915C6AB6A4F3586E9096E2F8856482
msvcr71.pdb
There seems to be some sort of correspondence between a file and its debug database. Other than that, I can’t figure out how the names of these (presumably) hexadecimal string folders are being generated.
Some of them are 9 digits, some 13 digits, and others are 33 digits. It looks like an actual, live-file (which for some reason is stored in the symbol cache) has a 13-digit hash while its (nearly similar) debug database gets a 9-digit hash. Some debug databases get a 13-digit hash; can’t figure out what makes these ones special, although they don’t have a corresponding live-file.
I’ve tried hashing the files with every kind of hash algorithm that I know of (39 of them) and none match in any way (straight up, reversed, alternate endian’d, etc.)
Any ideas?
Update
I think I finally found it. From Symbol Storage Format:
SymStore uses the file system itself as a database. It creates a large tree of directories, with directory names based on such things as the symbol file time stamps, signatures, age, and other data.
Edit
Dang, unfortunately it only mentions that the directory name is derived from various aspects (not quite a hash I guess), but does not say exactly how. The search continues… :-(
This page has info on calculating the IDs for the symbol files as well as executables/DLLs.
Basically, for executables and DLLs, you extract the timestamp and filesize from the PE header as listed in the page that Griff linked to. For PDB files however, you will need the DBH command from the Windows Debugging Tools. Simply load the PDB file into DBH and use the INFO command to get the PdbSig/PdbSig70 and PdbAge. Bam! That’s it.
I just created the appropriate folders for the PDB files that I had in my SYSTEM32 folder for some reason, and finally moved them to the local symbol store.
Try looking at this page: Symbol Server Callback Function
EXE/DLL directory name is created by concatenating hex string of the "file modified" time-stamp and "SizeOfImage" from IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER
Finding PE files
The format for the path to a PE file in a symbol server share is:
"%s\%s\%08X%x\%s" % (serverName, peName, timeStamp, imageSize, peName)
Example:
https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols/ntdll.dll/B29ECF521f0000/ntdll.dll
Finding PDB files
The format for the path to a PDB file in a symbol server share is:
"%s\%s\%s%x\%s" % (serverPath, pdbName, guid, age, pdbName)
Example:
https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols/ntdll.pdb/4BC147AE72E8D05022366D6570A8E3461/ntdll.pdb
Source: Symbols the Microsoft Way by Bruce Dawson.
You can find the answer,
SYMBOL RETRIEVER SHELL EXTENSION
; http://www.vitoplantamura.com/index.aspx?page=symretriever
DebugDir.cpp
; http://www.debuginfo.com/examples/src/DebugDir.cpp
PDB File Internals
; http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=22685
I've seen this all over the place:
Download here! SHA1 =
8e1ed2ce9e7e473d38a9dc7824a384a9ac34d7d0
What does it mean? How does a hash come into play as far as downloads and... What use can I make of it? Is this a legacy item where you used to have to verify some checksum after you downloaded the whole file?
It's a security measure. It allows you to verify that the file you just downloaded is the one that the author posted to the site. Note that using hashes from the same website you're getting the files from is not especially secure. Often a good place to get them from is a mailing list announcement where a PGP-signed email contains the link to the file and the hash.
Since this answer has been ranked so highly compared to the others for some reason, I'm editing it to add the other major reason mentioned first by the other authors below, which is to verify the integrity of the file after transferring it over the network.
So:
Security - verify that the file that you downloaded was the one the author originally published
Integrity - verify that the file wasn't damaged during transmission over the network.
When downloading larger files, it's often useful to perform a checksum to ensure your download was successful and not mangled along transport. There's tons of freeware apps that can be used to gen the checksum for you to validate your download. This to me is an interesting mainstreaming of procedures that popular mp3 and warez sites used to use back in the day when distributing files.
SHA1 and MD5 hashes are used to verify the integrity of files you've downloaded. They aren't necessarily a legacy technology, and can be used by tools like those in the openssl to verify whether or not your a file has been corrupted/changed from its original.
It's to ensure that you downloaded the file correctly. If you hash the downloaded the file and it matches the hash on the page, all is well.
A cryptographic hash (such as SH1 or MD5) allows you to verify that file you have has been downloaded correctly and has not been tampered with.
To go along with what everyone here is saying I use HashTab when I need to generate/compare MD5 and SHA1 hashes on Windows. It adds a new tab to the file properties window and will calculate the hashes.
With a has (MD5, SHA-1) one input matches only with one output, and then if you down load the file and calculate the hash again should obtain the same output.
If the output is different the file is corrupt.
If (hash(file) == “Hash in page”)
validFile = true;
else
validFile = false;