Git: first commit gets lost after the second commit - eclipse

I only did some commits locally without pushing to the remote by using Eclipse.
And this happened:
After I did the second commit, my first commit disappeared and the files included in the first commit list appeared in the second commit list.
Is this a normal move for git commit?
Is this a consequence of some setting I accidentally made in git configuration?
Or how can I make two commits without being merged automatically because I want to put different comments to them.

Related

Eclipse github How to change my Project message when i have pushed

I first commit blog, the messages is ok.
When I push next time, the message is no change.
I check my history, these were be pushed
What is master & HEAD?
How to change my Project message when I have pushed?
To modify a commit message right-click the commit and choose Modify > Reword. Technically, changing the commit message means to replace the commit and all its subsequent commits with a new commit due the message and the references to the parent(s) are part of the commit (you can see this by the fact that the Id of the commit has changed).
If you have already pushed the replaced commenit, the rewritten Git history requires a force-push: right-click the HEAD commit and choose Push Commit.... In the Push Branch master dialog check the option Force overwrite branch in remote if it exist and has diverged. But beware, rewriting the remote Git history is problematic when you collaborate with others via your GitHub repository. Therefor GitHub allows to disable force pushing.
What is master & HEAD?
The commit where you are (in your local repository) is marked with HEAD. The latest/head commit of a branch is marked with the branch name: master is the name of the main/default branch (like trunk in SVN/Subversion).

How can I retrieve the local changed files which I wrongly reset in git

Below is the situation which explains what's the matter about git.
I was using the 'develop' branch and already made several changes to the local files such as .sql, .java, .js...
I made a local branch called 'develop_some_future' since my boss wants to confirm my changes before merging main 'develop' repository.
Apparently my local file changes #'develop' branch have applied to 'develop_some_future' branch and I started editing local files again.
For some reason, I tried to pull the files that my co-workers already committed, but it has failed(Probably I couldn't set 'develop_some_future' branch well). So, I changed current branch to 'develop' branch and tried to pull them.
Fortunately it got worked, and then I tried to back to the 'develop_some_future' branch.
A dialog pops up suddenly while changing the branch and asked me that 'your local change for "~~~.sql" would be deleted since it's not committed yet. To avoid this, please commit that file or choose reset.'
Because I thought only '~~~.sql' would be changed to the latest committed state and that was not a problem, I selected 'reset' button, but unfortunately all local changes have gone.
Anyone knows how can I retrieve the date before reset?
I found that both 'git reflog' and 'git reset HEAD{}' commands are useful.
However, git reflog shows only commit, merge, and checkout changes and so I can't find reset status at all.
I'm afraid your files are gone for good, unless you had previously staged the file somehow (add or stash save).
If it had been staged, a blob object was created by Git which is now dangling (git fsck will tell you dangling objects). You can then resurrect the file by writing the blob's content with git cat-file to a new file.
If not, your'e screwed, and you have to do your work again.
It seems the problem arose in the first place, because you thought that unstaged/uncommitted changes belong to the current branch. They do not, and only live in the working directory. They will be carried over when switching branches (unless, of course, the same file was modified in the branch. Git will then refuse to checkout the other branch).

EGit Pull, Push, Merge, not working

After pulling updates to a project I am working on with some partners, Eclipse Git is not allowing me to continue pushing, pulling or merging.
When I last pulled the updates, there were conflicts in the web.xml, so I deleted the conflicting text and saved just the correct one. However, Eclipse is continuing to show the double-diamond icon on the web.xml file, indicating there are conflicts. When I try to pull again, I get:
Cannot pull into a repository with state: MERGING
org.eclipse.jgit.api.errors.WrongRepositoryStateException
When I try to push my own commit I get
This is what it looks like in the History view
How do I solve these issues and sucessfully push my commit?
First reset your HEAD from the merge state to previous commit
Add files to Index
Fetch, Pull from the Origin
Merge the branch, Resolve if any conflicts
Commit and Push the Merge

How do I revert all files to a previous commit using EGit?

I am using EGit 2.2.0.20-1212191850-r with GitHub. All of my local files are committed and pushed. There is only the master branch. I would like to permanently revert all of my files to a previous commit (not HEAD~1). How do I do it?
Here's what I have tried:
I opened the History pane, where I see all past commits.
I right-clicked on the earlier commit and selected Reset > Hard.
I see the old version. I try committing the old version but none of the changed files show up in the Commit Changes window, even if I explicitly add them to the index.
I also tried Checkout in step 2, with the same result.
Eclipse git checkout (aka, revert) is not relevant, since it is just about reverting to HEAD, not an earlier commit.
What I'd really like to do is create a new branch from the earlier commit, but I'll settle for reverting.
If you already pushed the commits, it is generally recommended to revert the commits. The reason for that is that revert will add new commits to the history instead of replacing the history, which makes it possible for other people to just pull instead of having to rebase on the replaced history.
So in the History view, select the newest commit you want to undo, open the context menu and select "Revert". Repeat for the parent commits. When you're done, push the result.
Also note that "git checkout" and "git revert" are different things, "git revert" creates a new commit that undos the changes of a previous commit. "git checkout" on the other hand changes the working directory or current branch to a commit. You may be confused because "svn revert" does what "git checkout" does, not "git revert".

How to avoid getting git errors/conflicts on untouched files?

I often see the below errors on doing git pull on totally untouched files which I am NOT working on.
Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files
It is clear the conflicted files have changed in the git repo. But I don't understand why git pull cannot over-write on these untouched files - which I've not touched?
What can I or my team do to avoid getting these errors?
Edited -
Along with the solution I want to understand why the errors are coming.
Just to make clear, the other team members are working on other files (say xyz). And I am working on a separate set of files having no dependency on xyz files. So if I pull the repo changes after a long time with no changes from my side in xyz, why the conflicts in those files?
use git diff to see problem files
look at this git cheat shets for usefull commands
http://www.cheat-sheets.org/saved-copy/git-cheat-sheet.pdf
http://jan-krueger.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/git-cheat-sheet-v2-back.svg
There are some tips from my own experience. i'm not sure whether they're 100% corerect)
Split work with your team on paralel threads. Try not to work in the same files.
Try to avoid situations when 2 or more persons are adding new files simalteniously. When one added new files others should make pull as soon as possible
the last but not least - make git push very often. this will keep your project git up to date
Since git pull does not pull individual files, it's git merge phase will stop for manual correction of any merge conflicts. git merge and/or git pull (and by nature of the fact that git pull is essentially git fetch followed by git merge) is an all-or-nothing operation - you either successfully merge the changes introduced on both (or all) of the branches you are merging together, or you don't merge any of them. The catch in that is when conflicts arise that must be manually resolved - but in that situation, you are in an in-between state, having neither completed and committed the merge nor rolled it back to your previous state.
The message you are getting implies that you have previously done a git pull or a git merge, which stopped in the middle, requesting that you manually resolve some conflicts, which you have not yet done, but have rather continued on doing other stuff, and are now trying to do another git pull / git merge without ever having completed the first one.
Take a look at git status, and follow the suggested directions for either resolving your in-progress merge issues or resetting back to a not-in-the-middle-of-a-merge state.